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How do gender-caste intersectionalities influence the involvement of communities in organic cotton farming?

Witharange, Kushala; Singh, Akanksha; Bosch, Christine and Briner, Regina (2023) How do gender-caste intersectionalities influence the involvement of communities in organic cotton farming? In: Tielkes, Eric (Ed.) Tropentag 2023. Competing pathways for equitable food systems transformation: trade-offs and synergies. Book of Abstract, CUVILLIER Verlag, Göttingen, p. 617.

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Document available online at: https://www.tropentag.de/2023/proceedings/proceedings.pdf


Summary in the original language of the document

The socioeconomic and environmental benefits of organic farming have been widely explored in research, while topics like gender equity and labour are often neglected. In India, the influence of caste and gender identities adds another layer of complexity to these aspects. Using a case of a research and training project implemented in the Nimar Valley region of Madhya Pradesh since 2007, we explore gender and caste intersectionalities within conventional and organic cotton farming systems. The project promotes organic cotton cultivation and food crop diversification, and trains women from marginalised tribal communities, among others. We use a relational approach, as proposed by David Mosse, to understand differences in organic and conventional cotton farming systems in the representation of caste and gender and concerns and barriers to the involvement experienced by different actors. We interviewed 80 respondents employing participatory social network mapping, gendered seasonal calendars, in-depth interviews and participant observation in training, applied during a three-month fieldwork in 2022/23. Preliminary results show among others that, representation in terms of caste and gender has been static in both conventional and organic farming systems. Mainly females from scheduled castes (SC, Dalits) and scheduled tribes (ST, Tribals) are represented as casual labourers in seeding, weeding and cotton picking. The bargaining power of labourers, deciding both wages and working hours, has increased in recent years. This potentially is a positive social change, but puts a higher burden on organic cotton farmers as it is more labour-intensive compared to conventional farming. Our results further indicate that due to high labour wages, there is a resurgence of labour-sharing arrangements for cotton harvesting amongst rich upper-caste farmers and, novel involvement of upper-caste women in cotton farming activities. Tribal farmers in turn start growing conventional cotton. Also, with less cultivable land owned, project activities are less accessible to Dalits. We emphasise that ensuring direct benefits for Dalits in project activities would contribute to increasing equity and promoting pro-poor outcomes, albeit potentially increasing the costs of organic cotton. These could be offset by higher prices for organic cotton. Further more women-inclusive training could potentially lead to synergies,e.g. with cotton quality.


EPrint Type:Conference paper, poster, etc.
Type of presentation:Paper
Keywords:Caste gender intersectionality, India, organic cotton farming, production relations, Abacus, FiBL6524602
Agrovoc keywords:
Language
Value
URI
English
cotton
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1926
English
organic farming -> organic agriculture
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15911
English
India
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3825
English
gender analysis
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_9000066
Subjects: Food systems > Community development
"Organics" in general > Countries and regions > India
Research affiliation: Switzerland > FiBL - Research Institute of Organic Agriculture Switzerland > Crops > Special crops > Cotton
Switzerland > FiBL - Research Institute of Organic Agriculture Switzerland > Society > Rural sociology
Germany > University of Hohenheim
ISBN:978-3-7369-7880-5
Deposited By: Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau, FiBL
ID Code:52815
Deposited On:12 Mar 2024 13:34
Last Modified:13 Mar 2024 11:17
Document Language:English
Status:Published
Refereed:Peer-reviewed and accepted

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