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Use interstems to improve apricot tree health (BIOFRUITNET Practice Abstract)

{Tool} Use interstems to improve apricot tree health (BIOFRUITNET Practice Abstract). Creator(s): Vávra, Radek and Kaplan, Jiří. Issuing Organisation(s): VSUO - Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy. Biofruitnet Practice Abstract, no. 107. (2023)

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Document available online at: https://orgprints.org/45950


Summary

Interstems improve economic return since the lifespan of trees, and thus fruit production can be prolonged.
Practical recommendations and information
• ADVANTAGE
o Interstems used as a tree trunk forming part have a high positive impact on tree health
o Delay flow of sap in the tree in the spring
o Regulation of growth vigour, smaller tree crown volume (use of Prunus persica as interstem)
o Delay tree flowering time, decreasing frost damage in case of late frost event during tree flowering
ob Modification of ripening time, early ripening according to used interstem
o Regular and high annual harvest
o Improved fruit quality, fruit size is bigger
• DISADVANTAGE
o The interstem technique is a very expensive process since it needs an extra year in the nursery
• RECOMMENDED VARIETY FOR INTERSTEMS
o Plum variety Stanley (Prunus domestica) has good compatibility with broad range of rootstocks and apricot varieties
o Greengage (Prunus domestica subsp. italica) is used as interstem at the Research Institute for Organic Agriculture FiBL in Switzerland. By this the stem of the variety starts at a higher position (“high grafting”) that can help to reduce infections with, e.g., Pseudomonas syringae. It also helps if the chosen rootstock and variety are incompatible.
o Peach variety Redhaven (Prunus persica) reduce growth vigor, tree crown volume is lower
o Different Prunus species and varieties can be used according to desired impact – tree vigour, tree flowering time, fruit ripening, etc.
• GRAFTING
o Chip budding of interstem on semi-dwarfing and dwarfing or vegetative propagated rootstocks
o English copulation as a method of grafting variety on interstem
o Good compatibility of the variety used as the interstem with rootstocks and grown varieties is
required
• Other reasons for interstem grafting are creating compatibility between incompatible tree varieties via inserting a section of stem compatible with both rootstock and variety
• Nowadays, the offer of apricot varieties is large, but reliable data concerning variety choice for use as interstem and their suitability to organic systems are still lacking, further testing is needed


EPrint Type:Practice tool
What problem does the tool address?:Part of apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca) suffer from dieback or as a consequence of sudden wilt may die unexpectedly. Apoplexy is the terminal syndrome of a complex of different diseases. It is especially important in central and northern European growing areas. In these countries, 20-60% of apricot trees are killed in 8 to 10 year old orchards.
What solution does the tool offer?:Using interstems can help improve apricot tree health and prolong the orchard's lifespan. Paint the stem white (or use white protection cover) to avoid too big temperature differences and thus fewer cracks in the stems. By this, there is a reduction in infections of, e.g., Pseudomonas syringae.
Country:Czech Republic
Type of Practice Tool:Practice abstracts
Keywords:Tree health, fruit quality
Agrovoc keywords:
Language
Value
URI
English
fruit quality
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_375700fd
English
UNSPECIFIED
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_c9b124d8
Subjects: Crop husbandry > Production systems > Fruit and berries
Crop husbandry > Crop health, quality, protection
Research affiliation: European Union > Horizon 2020 > Biofruitnet
Czech Republic > Other institutions Czech republic
Horizon Europe or H2020 Grant Agreement Number:862850
Related Links:https://organic-farmknowledge.org/tool/45950, https://biofruitnet.eu
Project ID:ofk
Deposited By: Basler, Andreas
ID Code:45950
Deposited On:26 Apr 2023 10:02
Last Modified:27 Apr 2023 13:09
Document Language:English, Czech/Česky, Spanish/Español
Status:Published

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