How do separation and weaning work with little stress? How can we achieve reliable performance testing of dams that are suckled

Summary in the original language of the document

In CCC Systems cows and calves can live together for a certain time and this time in most cases seems to be good for both of them. This time lasts from birth to several weeks of age until several months, depending on the decisions of their farmers.
In terms of conventional systems, we call the time of separation in these systems “late separation”. But from the point of view of the animals, it is an “early separation”, because normally and naturally cows let their calves suckle for at least 9 months and this is never done in those systems.
Therefore we need good s trategies to achieve that “late, but early weaning and separation” are well bearable for the animals.