Utilisation of waste heat from biogas plants for drying fine-grained legumes (OK-Net Ecofeed Practice Abstract)

{Tool} Utilisation of waste heat from biogas plants for drying fine-grained legumes (OK-Net Ecofeed Practice Abstract). Creator(s): Lindner, Christopher; Schmelzer, Elias and Vogt-Kaute, Werner. Issuing Organisation(s): Bioland Beratung. OK-Net Ecofeed Practice Abstract, no. 032. (2020)

	PDF - English (Ultilisation of waste heat from biogas plants for drying fine-grained legumes) 475kB
	PDF - French/Francais (Utilisation de la chaleur résiduelle des méthani-seurs pour sécher les légumineuses fourragères) 394kB
	PDF - German/Deutsch (Nutzung der Abwärme von Biogasanlagen zur Trocknung feinkörniger Leguminosen) 460kB
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Document available online at: https://orgprints.org/37511

Summary in the original language of the document

Continuous dryer: The legumes must be mown early. Then they are chopped with knives in the loader wagon (length 3.5 cm). As a rule, it is left to dry in the field for one day before being loaded onto wagons. Depending on the weather, two days are also possible to reduce moisture content from 50% to 33%. A large loader wagon (see Fig. 2) is always delivered full, which corresponds to one hectare depending on the yield. The drying temperature for clover is 79°C on average. The hay runs through the system in 10 to 20 hours, depending on the humidity. The actual residence time in the dryer is 3 to 6 hours. The dried clover is baled under high pressure into large square bales weighing around 300 kg (see Fig. 4). Instead of using a bale press, the dried hay can be pelleted. Bale drying. The fine-grained legumes are mown at the beginning of flowering. As long as the crop is still green, it is turned twice on the field. In the evening, the hay is rowed. At noon of the following day, the crop is rowed for baling. In the afternoon, it is baled. Residual moisture should be between 16-20% and no higher than 22%.The bales are dried at 40°C for 20 to 24 hours. They must be turned once. Recommendations for both procedures: The dried bales can now be stored and fed directly. For feeding monogastric animals, the dried legumes should be ground in a mobile grinding and mixing plant (see Fig. 5) and mixed homogeneously into the ration.

Summary translation

Séchoir en continu:
• Les légumineuses doivent être fauchées précocement. Ensuite elles sont hachées avec des couteaux dans une remorque autochargeuse (longueur 3,5 cm).
• En règle générale, on laisse sécher le fourrage au champs pendant une journée avant chargement. Selon la météo, deux jours peuvent être possibles pour réduire le taux d'humidité de 50 % à 33 %.
• Une grande remorque autochargeuse (voir fig. 2) doit-être livrée pleine, ce qui correspond à plus ou moins un hectare selon le rendement.
• La température de séchage pour le trèfle est en moyenne de 79°C. Le foin passe dans le système en 10 à 20 heures, selon son humidité. Le temps de séjour effectif dans le séchoir est de 3 à 6 heures.
• Le trèfle séché est mis en grosse balles carrées sous haute pression (environ 300 kg par balle), voir fig. 4.
• Au lieu d'utiliser une presse à balles, le foin séché peut être transformé en granulés.
Séchage de balles
• Les légumineuses fourragères sont fauchées au début de la floraison.
• Tant que la culture est encore verte, elle est fanée deux fois au champ.
• Le soir, le foin est andainé une première fois, puis encore une fois le lendemain midi.
• L'après-midi, le fourrage est bottelé. L'humidité résiduelle doit être comprise entre 16 et 20 % et ne doit pas dépasser 22 %.
• Les balles sont séchées à 40°C pendant 20 à 24 heures. Elles doivent être retournées une fois.
Recommandations pour les deux techniques :
• Les balles séchées peuvent désormais être stockées et utilisées directement.
• Pour l'alimentation des monogastriques, les légumineuses séchées doivent être broyées dans une installation mobile de broyage et de mélange (voir fig. 5) et mélangées de manière homogène dans la ration.

EPrint Type:	Practice tool
What problem does the tool address?:	The combustion of biogas to generate electricity generates a lot of waste heat, which is often not sufficiently used. Fine-grained legumes, such as lucerne or clover, are important in the crop rotation on organic farms. At the same time, they are a good source of proteins, amino acids and roughage in feed. Outdoor-dried hay from fine-grained legumes is a risky business due to the weather. Field drying can lead to very high leaf losses, which greatly reduces the protein and amino acid content. This is why fine-grained leg-umes are mown early (see Fig. 1), brought in moist (see Fig. 2) and then dried on the farm in an energy-intensive way.
What solution does the tool offer?:	The approach here is to use the waste heat from biogas combustion for the drying of fine-grained legumes. There are different methods for drying the crop. They all use the warm exhaust air, which is sucked in by a fan and fed to the various processes via air ducts. Loose plants can be dried with a continuous dryer or in special drying containers with perforated floors (see Fig. 3). For better and more compact storage, the crop should then be compressed into bales (see Fig. 4). Another option is to press the crop directly in the field, and the bales are then ventilated directly (see Fig. 6). However, the residual moisture in the field must be reduced to a maximum of 20%. The costs for the drying are 8 to 10 € per bale.
Country:	Germany
Type of Practice Tool:	Practice abstracts
Keywords:	feed Processing, handling of harvested feed, grain legumes, drying
Agrovoc keywords:	Language Value URI English feed processing http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16127 English feeds http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2843 English legumes http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4255
Subjects:	Crop husbandry > Production systems > Cereals, pulses and oilseeds Crop husbandry > Post harvest management and techniques
Research affiliation:	European Union > Horizon 2020 > OK-Net EcoFeed European Union > Horizon 2020 > OK-Net EcoFeed > OK-Net Ecofeed Tools Germany > Bioland European Union > Organic Farm Knowledge
Horizon Europe or H2020 Grant Agreement Number:	773911
Related Links:	https://orgprints.org/37511, https://www.bioland.de, https://organic-farmknowledge.org/tool/37511, https://www.facebook.com/organicfarmknowledge/photos/a.341364110046066/628206571361817, https://twitter.com/farm_knowledge/status/1238120883505508354
Project ID:	ofk
Deposited By:	Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau, FiBL
ID Code:	37511
Deposited On:	09 Mar 2020 11:15
Last Modified:	02 May 2024 10:32
Document Language:	English, German/Deutsch, French/Francais
Status:	Published

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