Changes in colostrum bioactive components depend on cytological quality

Summary

Although good colostrum quality is highly desired, not many researches show what factors have impact on its components. It is believed that udder diseases, ketosis and chronic acidosis significantly lower the level of immunoglobulines in colostrum simultaneously causing its poor quality. The aim of this study was to indicate which intramammary infections, and as a result cytological quality, impact on the content of immunostymulating components of colostrum. The experiment was conducted on 250 cows all kept in a freestall housing system. Animals were divided into two groups , depending on somatic cell counts in colostrum (SCC) per ml: <400 x 103 (GCC) and >400 x 103 (LCC).Obtained results ensured that variety of colostrum is determined by its cytology. In GCC group not only protein content but also fat was higher. Noticeable changes in concentration of immunoglobulins were proved according to Lf and Lz increase, moreover very meaningful varieties in amount of unsaturated fatty acids were noticed. It is crucial to improve colostrum quality in dairy breeding, so all factors that affect it must be recognized in detail. The quality of colostrum varies, with that variability being determined by cytological quality. Colostrum rich in health-promoting ingredients (especially IgG) and with low level of SCC shortens the period in which calves are at high risk for disease. Bacteria in colostrum may bind free IgG in the gut lumen or block the uptake and transport of IgG molecules into the enterocytes, thus reducing absorption of IgG. “The authors acknowledge the financial support for this project provided by transnational founding bodies, being partners of the Horizon 2020, ERA-net project, CORE Organic Cofund, and cofound from the NCBR”.