Thürig, Barbara; Felix, Georg; Binder, Andreas; Boller, Thomas and Tamm, Lucius (2006) An extract of Penicillium chrysogenum elicits early defense-related responses and induces resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana independently of known signalling pathways. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 67, pp. 180-193.
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Summary
An aqueous extract of the mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum (further called ‘Pen’ induced early defense-related responses such as an extracellular alkalinisation in cell cultures and ethylene production in leaf slices of numerous mono- and dicotyledon plant species, including Arabidopsis thaliana, tomato, tobacco and rice. The Pen-elicitor was sensitive to protease digestion but insensitive to other enzymes, suggesting that the elicitor-active region is a protein or a peptide. Reversed phase, ion exchange and size exclusion chromatography revealed that the Penelicitor is heterogeneous. This prevented further identification of the elicitor. Pen protected A. thaliana from a broad range of pathogens, including an oomycete (Hyaloperonospora parasitica), two ascomycetes (Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria brassicicola) and a bacterium (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000) without having a direct antimicrobial effect. Various mutants of A. thaliana were used to test whether Pen induces resistance on one of the known signaling pathways: Pen was fully protective against B. cinerea in A. thaliana transgenes or mutants impaired in the salicylic acid (NahG, npr1), jasmonic acid (coi1-1), and ethylene (ein2-1) signalling pathway. Similarly, Pen-mediated resistance against H. parasitica was not affected in the mutants npr1, coi1-1 or ein2-1. However, its efficacy was reduced in the transgene NahG. From these data on cell cultures and on A. thaliana we conclude that Pen contains at least one unidentified elicitor, most likely a protein or a glycoprotein, inducing resistance via signal transduction pathways different from classical SA/NPR1- or JA/ethylene-dependent pathways.
(c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
EPrint Type: | Journal paper |
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Keywords: | Pflanzenschutz, Pflanzenkrankheiten, Resistenzmechanismen Pflanzen, PEN, Phythopathologie, Hyaloperonospora parasitica, Alternaria brassicicola, Botrytis cinerea, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, Arabidopsis thaliana, Lycopersicon peruvianum, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Penicillium chrysogenum, Suspension-cultured cells, Aqueous fungal extract, Elicitor, early defense-related response, Signal transduction, Induced resistance |
Subjects: | Crop husbandry > Crop health, quality, protection |
Research affiliation: | Switzerland > FiBL - Research Institute of Organic Agriculture Switzerland > Crops > Crop protection |
Related Links: | http://www.fibl.org, http://www.elsevier.com/locate/pmpp |
Deposited By: | Tamm, Dr. Lucius |
ID Code: | 9078 |
Deposited On: | 30 Aug 2006 |
Last Modified: | 15 Sep 2021 14:47 |
Document Language: | English |
Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Peer-reviewed and accepted |
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