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Tillage system affects fertilizer-induced nitrous oxide emissions

Krauss, Maike; Krause, Hans-Martin; Spangler, Simone; Kandeler, Ellen; Behrens, Sebastian; Kappler, Andreas; Mäder, Paul and Gattinger, Andreas (2016) Tillage system affects fertilizer-induced nitrous oxide emissions. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 53, pp. 49-59.

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Document available online at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00374-016-1152-2


Summary

Since the development of effective N2O mitigation options is a key challenge for future agricultural practice, we studied the interactive effect of tillage systems on fertilizer-derived N2O emissions and the abundance of microbial communities involved in N2O production and reduction. Soil samples from 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm depth of reduced tillage and ploughed plots were incubated with dairy slurry (SL) and manure compost (MC) in comparison with calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and an unfertilized control (ZERO) for 42 days. N2O and CO2 fluxes, ammonium, nitrate, dissolved organic C, and functional gene abundances (16S rRNA gene, nirK, nirS, nosZ, bacterial and archaeal amoA) were regularly monitored. Averaged across all soil samples, N2O emissions decreased in the order CAN and SL (CAN = 748.8 ± 206.3, SL = 489.4 ± 107.2 μg kg−1) followed by MC (284.2 ± 67.3 μg kg−1) and ZERO (29.1 ± 5.9 μg kg−1). Highest cumulative N2O emissions were found in 10–20 cm of the reduced tilled soil in CAN and SL. N2O fluxes were assigned to ammonium as source in CAN and SL and correlated positively to bacterial amoA abundances. Additionally, nosZ abundances correlated negatively to N2O fluxes in the organic fertilizer treatments. Soils showed a gradient in soil organic C, 16S rRNA, nirK, and nosZ with greater amounts in the 0–10 than 10–20 cm layer. Abundances of bacterial and archaeal amoA were higher in reduced tilled soil compared to ploughed soils. The study highlights that tillage system induced biophysicochemical stratification impacts net N2O emissions within the soil profile according to N and C species added during fertilization.


EPrint Type:Journal paper
Keywords:Nitrous oxide, Nitrification, Denitrification, Fertilization, Reduced tillage, Soil organic carbon, Tilman-Org, FiBL10047, Frick Versuch, Frick trial
Subjects: Soil > Soil quality
Crop husbandry > Soil tillage
Environmental aspects > Air and water emissions
Research affiliation: European Union > CORE Organic II > TILMAN-ORG
Switzerland > FiBL - Research Institute of Organic Agriculture Switzerland > Soil
Switzerland > FiBL - Research Institute of Organic Agriculture Switzerland > Sustainability > Climate
Germany > University of Hohenheim
USA > Other organizations
Germany > Other organizations
ISSN:0178-2762 (Print) 1432-0789 (Online)
DOI:DOI 10.1007/s00374-016-1152-2
Related Links:https://orgprints.org/6203/
Deposited By: Mäder, Paul
ID Code:31140
Deposited On:06 Mar 2017 11:56
Last Modified:13 Jan 2021 08:42
Document Language:English
Status:Published
Refereed:Peer-reviewed and accepted

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