Speiser, Bernhard; Tamm, Lucius and Weibel, Franco (2014) Regulatory Framework for Plant Protection in Organic Farming. In: Bellon, S. and Penvern, S. (Eds.) Organic Farming, Prototype for Sustainable Agricultures. Springer Science+Business Media, Dordrecht 2014, chapter 4, pp. 65-84.
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Summary in the original language of the document
Plant protection in organic farming has to simultaneously comply with two sets of regulations: regulations on organic production and pesticide legislation. This chapter describes the organic approach to plant protection, including the role of systems management versus direct interventions, the range of authorised substances and the procedures for authorising new substances and the withdrawal of old substances.
External factors not related to organic farming also influence the availability of plant protection products. Scientific, regulatory and economic aspects may limit the registration of substances in a given country. On the other hand, there is an alternative route for the registration of fertilisers and plant strengtheners in some countries. As a result, the range of plant protection products available to organic farmers varies from one country to another. The history of the authorisation of sodium bicarbonate, spinosad, copper fungicides, clay minerals and granulosis viruses illustrates how the two sets of regulations can interact in very different ways, creating different patterns of availability.
The practice of plant protection is illustrated for the prevention and control of apple scab, fire blight and codling moth in organic apple orchards. At the end of the chapter, research perspectives for a ‘self-regulating’ apple orchard where plant protection fully relies on systems management are presented. The level of environmental friendliness already achieved by organic plant protection is discussed, and approaches with the potential for improvement are identified.
EPrint Type: | Book chapter |
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Keywords: | Apple orchard, Authorisation criteria, Organic farming regulation, Pesticide registration, Plant protection, Anbautechnik, Obstbau, Apfelproduktion, Pflanzenschutz, Mittelprüfung |
Subjects: | Crop husbandry > Production systems > Fruit and berries Crop husbandry > Crop health, quality, protection Values, standards and certification > Regulation |
Research affiliation: | Switzerland > FiBL - Research Institute of Organic Agriculture Switzerland > Crops > Special crops > Fruit |
DOI: | DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-7927-3_4 |
Deposited By: | Speiser, Dr Bernhard |
ID Code: | 26258 |
Deposited On: | 03 Jun 2014 16:39 |
Last Modified: | 22 May 2020 14:12 |
Document Language: | English |
Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Peer-reviewed and accepted |
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