Pinho, Lucinéia de (2008) Qualidade físico-química e sanitária de tomate cereja e milho verde, cultivados em sistemas de produção orgânico e convencional. [Physical-chemical and sanitary quality in cherry tomatoes and green corn grown under organic and conventional conditions.] Masters thesis, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais . .
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Summary
Avaliacao da qualidade fisico-quimica e sanitaria do tomate cereja e do milho verde, cultivados em sistemas de producao organico e convencional. As amostras de tomate foram obtidas de plantio conduzido na área experimental do Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias da UFMG, Montes Claros - MG. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repeticoes, sendo os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 , correspondentes a 2 epocas de colheita (30 e 45 dias apos o aparecimento dos primeiros frutos maduros) em 2 sistemas de cultivo (organico e convencional). As amostras do milho verde foram obtidas junto a EMBRAPA Milho e Sorgo, em Sete Lagoas/MG, na safra 2007/2008, tendo sido adotado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com tres repeticoes, sendo os tratamentos dispostos em esquema fatorial 4 x 2 , correspondentes a 4 cultivares (AG 1051, BR 106, SWB 551 e VIVI) em 2 sistemas de cultivo (organico e convencional). Foram determinadas as caracteristicas agronomicas do milho verde As amostras do tomate cereja, juntamente com o milho verde, foram avaliadas quanto as caracteristicas fisico-quimicas, a composição centesimal, ao teor de carotenoides e de aminas biogenicas. Foram submetidas, ainda, as analises microbiologicas e parasitologicas. Na analise das caracteristicas agronomicas, os cultivares apresentaram, demodo geral, boa producao de milho verde no sistema organico. Os tomates colhidos aos 30 dias apresentaram valores inferiores de solidos soluveis totais e carotenoides totais quando comparados aqueles colhidos aos 45 dias. Os frutos resultantes da producao organica possuem maior teor de carotenoides. Os valores medios do indice L* foram superiores no tomate produzido no cultivo convencional Nas amostras de milho verde os valores medios de pH, de acidez total titulavel, de a*, de carboidratos, de valor energetico total e p* caroteno foram superiores nos graos oriundos de cultivo organico. Graos de milho verde dos cultivares AG 1051, BR 106 e SWB 551 tambem apresentaram maior teor de extrato etereo, quando produzidos no sistema organico. Essa mesma tendencia foi observada em carotenoides totais para os cultivares BR 106 e SWB 551, bem como b* para AG 1051. O cultivar SWB 551 apresentou destaque nas cairacteristicas teor de solidos solúveis totais, p-caroteno, b* e nos teores de ex:trato etereo e carotenoides totais dos frutos oriundos do cultivo organico, quando comparado aos demais cultivares. Quanto a qualidade sanitaria das amoistras, verificou-se que o sistema de cultivo organico favoreceu a maior contagem de bolores e leveduras no tomate cereja. Nas analises de aminas bioativas detectou-se a presenca de cadaverina, de putrescina, de espermina, de putrescina e de espermidina nas amostras de milho verde e de putrescina, de tiramina, de histamina, de serotonina, de agmatina, de espermidina, de espermina e de triptamina nas amostras de tomate cereja. Os milhos dioces, VIVI e SWB 551 se destacaram quanto aos teores de aminas. No geral as olericolas analisadas apresentam tendencia de teores mais elevados de aminas biogenicas em alimentos oriundos do cultivo organico Portanto, (dependendo do sistema de producao, do cultivar e da epoca de colheita, a qiualidade do alimento produzido pode ser afetada, havendo a necessidade de estudos complementares com outras fontes alimentares para a avaliacao> do mesmo efeito, especialmente hortalicas.
Summary translation
The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of the cherry tomatoes and green corns grown under organic and conventional conditions. The samples of cherry tomatoes were obtained from the Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias - UFMG, in the town of Montes Claros - MG (Brazil), applying a completely randomized design. consisting of a 2 x 2 factorial corresponding to 2 harvest dates (30 and 45 days after the appearance of the first ripe fruit) and 2 cultivation systems (organic and conventional), with five replicates. The samples of green corn were obtained from EMBRAPA Milho e Sorgo, Sete Lagoas - MG (Brazil), in the 2007/2008 season. A completely randomized design with three repetitions was applied; the treatments were arranged in a 4x 2 factorial, corresponding to 4 cultivars (AG 1051, BR 106, 551 and VIVI SWB) in 2 cultivation systems (organic and conventional). The agronomic characteristics of green corn were determined The samples of cherry tomatoes and green corn were characterized according to their physicalchemical properties. proximate composition, content of carotenoids, and leveis of biogemc amines They were also evaluated on the microbiological and parasitologic patterns. In th. ..lilyiis of agronomic characteristics the cultivars generally showed good production of green corn in organic system The tomatoes harvested at 30 days presented lower values of soluble solids and total carotenoids when compared to those collected at 45 days. Fruits resulting from organic production have a higher levei of carotenoids. The average values of L* were higher in tomatoes produced in the conventional system In green corn samples, the average values of pH, titratable total acidity, a*, carbohydrate, total energy value, and o f p-carotene were higher in the grains of green corn grown under the organic system. The grains of green corn of the cultivars AG1051, BR 106 and SWB 551 also presented a higher levei of ether extract in the organic system. The same trend could be observed in the levei of total carotenoids for the cultivars BR 106 and SWB 551, as well as b* for AG 1051 The cultivar SWB 551 showed a better performance regarding the characteristicis of total soluble solids, (3-carotene,chroma b*, and also regarding the leveis <of ether extract and total carotenoids in fruits from organic system when compared to other cultivars. Regarding the sanitary quality of the samples, it was ffound that the count of yeasts and molds in cherry tomatoes was higher in the organic system. In the analyses of bioactive amines, the presence of cadiaverine, putrescine, spermine and spermidine was detected in the samples of green com; putrescine, tyramine, histamine, serotonin, agmatine, spermidiine, spermine and tryptamine were detected in the samples of cherry tomatoes VIVI SWB and 551 sweet corns showed higher leveis of amines. In general, the analyzed vegetables presented a trend of having higher leveis of biogenic amines in fruits produced under the organic system Therrefore, the quality of the fruit may be affected according to the production system, cultivars used and harvest dates. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to evaluate the same effect in other food sources, especially vegetables.
| EPrint Type: | Thesis |
|---|---|
| Thesis Type: | Masters |
| Keywords: | Lycopersicon escutlentum mill, Zea mays, Alimento orgânico, Qualidade. Lycopersicon escutentum miill, Zea mays, Organic food, Quality. |
| Agrovoc keywords: | Language Value URI English Lycopersicon esculentum http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4475 English Zea mays http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 English Organic foods http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29261 English Cherry tomatoes http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36700 English Organic agriculture http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15911 English Sweet corn http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7552 English phytosanitary measures http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37922 English product quality http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13591 |
| Subjects: | Crop husbandry > Production systems Farming Systems Crop husbandry > Production systems > Cereals, pulses and oilseeds Farming Systems > Farm nutrient management |
| Research affiliation: | Brazil > Other organizations |
| Deposited By: | Santos, Ederson Luiz |
| ID Code: | 24928 |
| Deposited On: | 14 Feb 2014 13:27 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Feb 2014 13:50 |
| Document Language: | Portuguese/Portugues |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Peer-reviewed and accepted |
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