Köppler, Kirsten; Peters, Arne and Vogt, Heidrun (2004) Basic results in biological control of the European Cherry Fruit Fly Rhagoletis cerasi L. (Diptera: Tephritidae) with entomopathogenic nematodes. [Erste Ergebnisse zur biologischen Bekämpfung der Kirschfruchtfliege Rhagoletis cerasi (Diptera: Tephritidae) mit entomopathogenen Nematoden.] In: Boos, Markus (Ed.) Ecofruit - 11th International Conference on Cultivation Technique and Phytopathological Problems in Organic Fruit-Growing: Proceedings to the Conference from 3rd February to 5th February 2004 at Weinsberg/Germany, pp. 48-54.
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Summary
In 2002 and 2003, within the ‚Bundesprogramm Ökologischer Landbau’, initial experiments to control
the European cherry fruit fly Rhagoletis cerasi were carried out under laboratory, semi-field and
field conditions with several entomopathogenic nematode species and strains. In the laboratory the
efficacy of nematodes against R. cerasi larvae, pupae and adults was examined. To characterize
the controlling potential, different nematode dosages, exposure temperatures and substrates were
tested in cell wells, petri dishes and plastic boxes. In the semi-field experiments plastic fruit boxes,
filled with soil, were used. In the field tests R. cerasi-larvae and nematodes were released in defined
areas in a cherry orchard of the institute. For evaluation of the experiments, the infestation rates
and efficiencies (ABBOTT) were determined. Steinernema carpocapsae and S. feltiae achieved the
highest efficacies. In laboratory, infestation rates in cell wells up to 91 % and efficencies up to 96 %,
in petri dishes up to 96 %, respectively 98 %, and in plastic boxes 88 %, respectively 89 %, were
attained. The experimental substrates like quartz sand or soil type and the tested temperatures did
not result in consistent significant differences in laboratoy tests. A dosage below 25 nematodes per
cm2 resulted in insufficient infestation rates. In the semi-field experiments a maximum infestation
rate of 86 % (efficiency 78 %) and in a first field test an efficiency of 88 % was obtained. R. cerasipupae
were not infested. These results indicate a high controlling potential of entomopathogenic
nematodes against R cerasi, especially of the steinernematid species S. carpocapsae and S.
feltiae. Further experiments under realistic conditions in the field are forcibly necessary before putting
this control method into practice.
Summary translation
Die Kirschfruchtfliege ist der Hauptschädling an Süßkirschen. Die Schadensschwelle liegt mit 1 bis
2 % sehr niedrig, wobei bereits diese Vermadung vom Handel in der Regel nicht akzeptiert wird.
Süßkirschen gelten als Tafelobst, an das sehr hohe Qualitätsansprüche gestellt werden. Somit ist
eine ausreichende Bekämpfung von Rhagoletis cerasi zwingend notwendig. Im ökologischen
Kirschanbau existieren derzeit keine wirksamen Bekämpfungsstrategien. Mit den handelsüblichen
Gelbtafeln ist keine Bekämpfung möglich (vgl. EPP 1998, FAURIEL & REYNAUD 1998, REMUND 1971,
REMUND & BOLLER 1975, RUSS et al. 1973). Sie können lediglich zum Monitoring verwendet werden.
Es ist daher dringend notwendig, ein alternatives, umwelt- und naturhaushaltschonendes Regulierungsverfahren
zu entwickeln. Eine Möglichkeit zur biologischen Bekämpfung der bodenbürtigen
Stadien der Kirschfruchtfliege könnten entomopathogene Nematoden sein. Die Arten der Gattungen
Steinernema und Heterorhabditis verfügen über Eigenschaften, durch die sie zu sehr guten Antagonisten
von im Boden lebenden Schadinsekten werden können (GAUGLER 1988) und stellen bereits
einen bedeutenden Aspekt in der biologischen Schädlingsbekämpfung dar (BARTH 2002, KLEIN
1990).
| EPrint Type: | Conference paper, poster, etc. |
|---|---|
| Type of presentation: | Paper |
| Keywords: | Rhagoletis cerasi, European cherry fruit fly, entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsae, Steinernema feltiae, biological control, BÖL, BOEL, FKZ 02OE110 |
| Subjects: | Crop husbandry > Crop health, quality, protection Crop husbandry > Production systems > Fruit and berries |
| Research affiliation: | International Conferences > 2006: Ecofruit |
| Related Links: | http://www.bundesprogramm-oekolandbau.de, http://www.bundesprogramm.de/fkz=02OE110, https://orgprints.org/perl/search/advanced?addtitle%2Ftitle=&keywords=02OE110&projects=BOEL&_order=bypublication&_action_search=Suchen, http://www.ecofruit.net |
| Deposited By: | Tagung, Ecofruit |
| ID Code: | 14033 |
| Deposited On: | 18 Sep 2008 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Apr 2010 07:37 |
| Document Language: | German/Deutsch |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Peer-reviewed and accepted |
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