Haas, Guido (1995) Auswahl von Feldversuchsflächen auf heterogenem Auenboden: Bestandeskartierung - Uniformitätsernten - Luftbildaufnahmen - Exaktvermessung. [Improved selection of experimental sites on a heterogeneous soil by field crop monitoring and mapping, uniformity trials, aerial photography and precise surveyin.] Thesis, Institut für Organischen Landbau - Universität Bonn . Schriftenreihe Institut für Organischen Landbau - Universität Bonn, no. 1. Verlag Dr. Koester, Berlin.
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Summary
Bei heterogenen Bodenverhältnissen - die für eine Vielzahl von Regionen und Landschaften charakteristisch sind - entscheidet primär die Auswahl der Versuchsfläche über die erfolgreiche Durchführung von Feldversuchen. Der Auenboden des Untersuchungsstandortes - Versuchsbetrieb für Organischen Landbau "Wiesengut", Hennef nahe Bonn - weist kleinräumig teilweise innerhalb weniger Meter wechselnde Bodenverhältnisse auf und schränkt damit die Durchführung von pflanzenbaulichen Feldversuchen ein. Für die gezielte Auswahl geeigneter Feldversuchsflächen wurde ein Kriterienkatalog erarbeitet, der folgende Datenbereiche umfaßt: Tachymetrische Vermessung - Kartenwerk der bodenbedingten Bestandesunterschiede; Multitemporale und multispektrale Luftbildaufnahmen; Uniformitätsernten - quantitative Beschreibung der Flächenheterogenität.
Zukünftigen Versuchsansteller wird die Beurteilung der in Feldversuchen auf diesen Flächen erzielbaren Präzision und die testweise Auswertung variierter Versuchsanlagen für die Auswahl effizienter und standortangepaßter Anlageformen ermöglicht.
Die generelle Eignung der eingesetzten Verfahren und Techniken der Landesvermessung, Fernerkundung, Uniformitätsversuche und die kulturspezifische Indikatoreignung von Pflanzen zur Charakterisierung heterogener Bodenverhältnisse wurde für die Praxis der Versuchsflächenwahl, des Managements von landwirtschaftlichen Versuchsbetrieben und die Anlage und Auswertung von Feldversuchen beurteilt.
Summary translation
Since heterogeneous soil conditions are present almost everywhere, the correct choice of experimental site affects the conduct of field trials and the interpretation of the results. The soil of the Experi¬mental Farm for Organic Agriculture "Wiesengut" located at Hennef near Köln-Bonn (classification: Fluvisol - FAO; Udifluvent - USDA) is characterized by a pattern of soil variability which can vary even within several metres. Therefore the area of farmland which can be used for factorial field trials is restricted. In order to select the most suitable experimental area, a database has been worked out composed of data sets related to:
Surveying - Mapping: Differences in crop development caused by hetero¬geneous soil conditions had been marked in the field during regular crop moni¬toring sessions. Maps of different scale and content were drawn up, based on electronic distance and angle measurements to provide the correct spatial relation of soil variability.
Aerial photography: Multitemporal and multispectral aerial photography at low altitude provided an essential basis for characterizing soil-affected crop growth and development.
Uniformity trials: Areas that seemed visually suitable for field trials were harvested in small units by hand and combine harvester to quantify the soil heterogeneity by plant yield parameters. The recor¬ded data create a valuable resource, enabling increased precision to be achieved by selecting the most efficient field plot design. Coefficient of variation (cv %) for kernel and total yield of cereal were between cv = 10 - 25 and could be reduced to cv = 3 - 10 by selecting visually homogeneous areas. Interannual coefficients of correlation for yield parameters of heterogenous areas were placed bet¬ween r = 0,2 - 0,8 to r = 0 - 0,5 for visually homogeneous sites. Low yielding areas and winter cereals showed higher coefficients of variation and higher interannual coefficients of correlation.
The general suitability of the methods and techniques used for characterizing heterogeneous soil condition are discussed. Currently used plot designs and methods of statistical analysis are not very efficient in compensating for soil variability. Further improvement is urgently required. The next step in optimizing field plot research on the Experimental Farm Wiesengut will be the definition of fixed field plot patterns in areas having low soil variability in order to select the most suitable areas and best adapted experimental designs.
| EPrint Type: | Thesis |
|---|---|
| Thesis Type: | Dissertation |
| Keywords: | Feldversuch, Feldversuchsfläche, heterogener Boden, Bodenunterschiede, Versuche, Versuchsanlage, Statistik, Variabilität, Streuung, Bestandeskartierung, Uniformitätsernte, Luftbild, Exaktvermessung, Infrarot |
| Subjects: | Soil Knowledge management > Research methodology and philosophy > Specific methods |
| Research affiliation: | Germany > University of Bonn > Institute of Organic Agriculture |
| Related Links: | http://www.agrarhaas.de/4.html |
| Deposited By: | Haas, Dr. Guido |
| ID Code: | 13939 |
| Deposited On: | 08 Sep 2008 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Apr 2010 07:37 |
| Document Language: | German/Deutsch |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Peer-reviewed and accepted |
| Additional Publishing Information: | ISBN 3-89574-133-7 |
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