Control methods against bugs (Hemiptera; Heteroptera) in organic apple and pear production

Summary

True bugs (Hemiptera; Heteroptera) are important pests in fruit production in Norway. In organic fruit production
they may damage up to 40% of the crop. Several of the Heteropteran species attacking apple and pear
are polyphagous, with many other hostplants than pome fruit. In organic production few control methods are
available against bugs. In this study we have tried a cultural control method (mowing of groundcover) as well
as spray applications of various biological insecticides against bugs. Spray application of azadirachtin (NeemAzal),
rape oil and garlic extract (Ecoguard) were tested. Results indicate that the effect of mowing groundcover
inside the orchard is variable and small. Applying NeemAzal reduced the number of bugs and damage.
Oil and Ecoguard showed little effect in this study, however further testing is needed. Results from the first
two years of the study will be discussed in relation to both cultural and direct control methods against bugs.