?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.soilad.2025.100083&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2Fid%2Feprint%2F57473%2F&rft.title=Long-term+impacts+of+farming+systems+and+preceding+crops+on+soil+organic+carbon+and+physiochemical+properties+in+Vertisols+of+subtropical+India&rft.creator=Singh%2C+Akanksha&rft.creator=Kiboi%2C+Milka&rft.creator=Bhullar%2C+Gurbir+S.&rft.creator=Singh+Sisodia%2C+Bhupendra&rft.creator=Bautze%2C+David&rft.creator=Patidar%2C+Ishwar&rft.creator=Konde%2C+Nitin&rft.creator=Ledroit%2C+Christelle&rft.creator=Riar%2C+Amritbir&rft.subject=+Soil+quality&rft.subject=+Systems+research+and+participatory+research&rft.subject=India&rft.description=Soils+contain+the+largest+pool+of+terrestrial+carbon+that+is+vital+for+soil+fertility.+Integration+of+organic+management+can+have+positive+effects+on+soil+carbon+storage.+However%2C+there+is+still+contrasting+evidence+on+the+effects+of+organic+management+on+soil+organic+carbon+(SOC)+and+nutrients.+Most+of+previous+studies+focus+on+temperate+regions%2C+on+topsoil%2C+are+short-term+and+rarely+consider+the+role+that+crops+play+in+mediating+these+effects.+Our+analysis+focuses+on+cotton+systems+in+a+sub-tropical+region+of+central+India.+Our+objective+was+to+assess+the+long-term+effects+(12+years)+of+locally+adapted+organic+and+conventional+farming+systems+on+SOC+and+other+soil+properties%2C+at+two+different+soil+depths+(topsoil+and+subsoil)+and%2C+with+different+preceding+crop+rotation+sequences.+Our+results+show+that+organic+systems+build+up+significantly+higher+SOC+stocks+(13%E2%80%AF%25)+and+N+concentrations+than+conventional+systems%2C+but+this+effect+was+observed+after+8+years.+For+N%2C+we+recorded+this+effect+only+in+the+topsoil.+We+further+found+that+the+preceding+rotation+sequence+(PRS)+affected+soil+K%2C+P%2C+and+SOC%2C+irrespective+of+farming+systems.+Higher+K+and+SOC+were+recorded+when+PRS+included+cotton+than+when+it+included+soybean.+However%2C+the+effect+of+cotton+on+SOC+was+recorded+in+the+subsoil%2C+whereas+the+K+effect+was+recorded+in+the+topsoil.+Our+work+highlights+the+importance+of+exploring+factors+such+as+soil+depth+and+crop+types+to+get+a+more+comprehensive+understanding+of+management+effects+on+soil+properties.+We+recommend+that+practices+like+composting+and+deep-rooted+crop+rotations+are+key+to+sustain+SOC+gains+in+smallholder+Vertisols+and+improve+soil+health.&rft.date=2025&rft.type=Journal+paper&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.rights=cc_by_nc_4&rft.identifier=%2Fid%2Feprint%2F57473%2F1%2Fsingh-etal-2025-SoilAdvances-Vol4-Article100083-p1-11.pdf&rft.identifier=+++Singh%2C+Akanksha%3B+Kiboi%2C+Milka%3B+Bhullar%2C+Gurbir+S.%3B+Singh+Sisodia%2C+Bhupendra%3B+Bautze%2C+David%3B+Patidar%2C+Ishwar%3B+Konde%2C+Nitin%3B+Ledroit%2C+Christelle+and+Riar%2C+Amritbir+++(2025)+Long-term+impacts+of+farming+systems+and+preceding+crops+on+soil+organic+carbon+and+physiochemical+properties+in+Vertisols+of+subtropical+India.+++Soil+Advances%2C+4+(100083)%2C+pp.+1-11.++++++++&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.soilad.2025.100083&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.soilad.2025.100083