eprintid: 55834
rev_number: 17
eprint_status: archive
userid: 49790
dir: disk0/00/05/58/34
datestamp: 2026-06-01 16:35:15
lastmod: 2026-06-01 16:35:15
status_changed: 2026-06-01 16:35:15
type: journalp
metadata_visibility: show
doclang: en
projects: SCOOP
projects: pl
refereed: yes
budget: 0
docurl: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926669025007447?via%3Dihub
publicfulltext: TRUE
creators_name: Krzyzaniak, Michal
creators_name: Warmiński, Kazimierz
creators_name: Olba-Zięty, Ewelina
creators_name: Białoskórski, Przemysław
creators_name: Stolarski, Mariusz J.
creators_id: michal.krzyzaniak@uwm.edu.pl
creators_id: e.olba-ziety@uwm.edu.pl
creators_id: mariusz.stolarski@uwm.edu.pl
creators_orcid: 0000-0001-8195-5180
creators_orcid: 0000-0003-1236-0719
creators_orcid: 0000-0003-0712-9678
title: Life cycle assessment of camelina and spelt wheat in organic intercropping systems
ispublished: pub
subjects: 2cropcomb
subjects: 4nutrient
subjects: 5emissions
keywords: environmental impact; low-input agriculture; greenhouse gases; eutrophication; acidification; sustainable agriculture
abstract: Camelina sativa (L. Crantz) is an annual oilseed crop cultivated for industrial and food purposes. To expand camelina's cultivation area, improve yields, and reduce weed pressure, the crop can be grown in intercropping system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of camelina cultivation in an intercropping system with spelt wheat under organic farming with utilisation of life cycle assessment (LCA). A life cycle assessment for sole cultivation of camelina and spelt was also performed. The system boundary included crop production up to the farm gate, taking into account field emissions and soil organic carbon changes. Due to nearly identical production inputs across all three cropping systems, the environmental impact was similar across all impact categories, with a more noticeable contribution from electricity usage in the intercropping system. Sole camelina cultivation showed a higher impact in 13 impact categories (per 1 Mg functional unit). However, when calculated per 1 GJ, the intercropping system exhibited the highest environmental impact across all categories. Moreover, intercropping resulted in the highest emissions per hectare in the following categories: global warming (860 kg CO₂ eq.), freshwater eutrophication (0.34 kg P eq.), and terrestrial ecotoxicity (2936 kg 1,4-DCB eq.). Our results indicates that intercropping did not reduce the environmental impact compared with sole cropping systems, primarily due to low seed and energy yields per hectare. Nevertheless, the findings demonstrate that both organic intercropping and sole cropping systems have a lower environmental impact than conventional farming systems.
date: 2025-05-10
date_type: published
publication: Industrial Crops and Products
volume: 231
full_text_status: public
pagerange: 1-11
id_number: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.121198
contact_email: michal.krzyzaniak@uwm.edu.pl
conf_subm: not_subm
voa3r_agrovoc_lang: en
voa3r_agrovoc_lang: en
voa3r_agrovoc_lang: en
voa3r_agrovoc_lang: en
voa3r_agrovoc_value_string: life cycle analysis
voa3r_agrovoc_value_string: Camelina sativa
voa3r_agrovoc_value_string: organic agriculture
voa3r_agrovoc_value_string: intercropping
voa3r_agrovoc_value_uri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_9000105
voa3r_agrovoc_value_uri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33635
voa3r_agrovoc_value_uri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15911
voa3r_agrovoc_value_uri: http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3910
fp7_project: yes
fp7_project_id: 727495
access_rights: info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
citation:    Krzyzaniak, Michal; Warmiński, Kazimierz; Olba-Zięty, Ewelina; Białoskórski, Przemysław and Stolarski, Mariusz J.   (2025) Life cycle assessment of camelina and spelt wheat in organic intercropping systems.   Industrial Crops and Products, 231, pp. 1-11.        
document_url: /id/eprint/55834/1/2025%20LCA%20camelina%20intercropping%20SCOOP.pdf