?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.indcrop.2025.121198&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2Fid%2Feprint%2F55834%2F&rft.title=Life+cycle+assessment+of+camelina+and+spelt+wheat+in+organic+intercropping+systems&rft.creator=Krzyzaniak%2C+Michal&rft.creator=Warmi%C5%84ski%2C+Kazimierz&rft.creator=Olba-Zi%C4%99ty%2C+Ewelina&rft.creator=Bia%C5%82osk%C3%B3rski%2C+Przemys%C5%82aw&rft.creator=Stolarski%2C+Mariusz+J.&rft.subject=+Crop+combinations+and+interactions&rft.subject=+Nutrient+turnover&rft.subject=+Air+and+water+emissions&rft.description=Camelina+sativa+(L.+Crantz)+is+an+annual+oilseed+crop+cultivated+for+industrial+and+food+purposes.+To+expand+camelina's+cultivation+area%2C+improve+yields%2C+and+reduce+weed+pressure%2C+the+crop+can+be+grown+in+intercropping+system.+The+aim+of+this+study+was+to+evaluate+the+impact+of+camelina+cultivation+in+an+intercropping+system+with+spelt+wheat+under+organic+farming+with+utilisation+of+life+cycle+assessment+(LCA).+A+life+cycle+assessment+for+sole+cultivation+of+camelina+and+spelt+was+also+performed.+The+system+boundary+included+crop+production+up+to+the+farm+gate%2C+taking+into+account+field+emissions+and+soil+organic+carbon+changes.+Due+to+nearly+identical+production+inputs+across+all+three+cropping+systems%2C+the+environmental+impact+was+similar+across+all+impact+categories%2C+with+a+more+noticeable+contribution+from+electricity+usage+in+the+intercropping+system.+Sole+camelina+cultivation+showed+a+higher+impact+in+13+impact+categories+(per+1+Mg+functional+unit).+However%2C+when+calculated+per+1+GJ%2C+the+intercropping+system+exhibited+the+highest+environmental+impact+across+all+categories.+Moreover%2C+intercropping+resulted+in+the+highest+emissions+per+hectare+in+the+following+categories%3A+global+warming+(860+kg+CO%E2%82%82+eq.)%2C+freshwater+eutrophication+(0.34+kg+P+eq.)%2C+and+terrestrial+ecotoxicity+(2936+kg+1%2C4-DCB+eq.).+Our+results+indicates+that+intercropping+did+not+reduce+the+environmental+impact+compared+with+sole+cropping+systems%2C+primarily+due+to+low+seed+and+energy+yields+per+hectare.+Nevertheless%2C+the+findings+demonstrate+that+both+organic+intercropping+and+sole+cropping+systems+have+a+lower+environmental+impact+than+conventional+farming+systems.&rft.date=2025-05-10&rft.type=Journal+paper&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=%2Fid%2Feprint%2F55834%2F1%2F2025%2520LCA%2520camelina%2520intercropping%2520SCOOP.pdf&rft.identifier=+++Krzyzaniak%2C+Michal%3B+Warmi%C5%84ski%2C+Kazimierz%3B+Olba-Zi%C4%99ty%2C+Ewelina%3B+Bia%C5%82osk%C3%B3rski%2C+Przemys%C5%82aw+and+Stolarski%2C+Mariusz+J.+++(2025)+Life+cycle+assessment+of+camelina+and+spelt+wheat+in+organic+intercropping+systems.+++Industrial+Crops+and+Products%2C+231%2C+pp.+1-11.++++++++&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.indcrop.2025.121198&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.indcrop.2025.121198