<> "The repository administrator has not yet configured an RDF license."^^ . <> . . . "Outdoor feeding management and needs of horses - an overview"^^ . "Feeding horses outdoors in winter and cold climate presents a challenge to horse owners and stable\r\nmanagers. Low temperatures, harsh winds and rain, snow and ice all contribute to the increasing\r\nnutrient requirements a horse has to keep themselves warm and maintain their body weight. The\r\nmost challenging is to feed young growing horses – the largest group of horses kept in loose stables\r\n- the focus being on the energy demands of the horse. When the climatic energy demands are taken\r\ninto account, also the weanling horses can maintain their body condition and proper growth (Autio,\r\n2008).\r\nAlthough horses are fed in groups, their individual needs have to be considered applying individual\r\nfeeding. Some studies show both breed and individual differences in the digestibility of nutrients or\r\nenergy demands among some horse breeds used in the Nordic countries (Saastamoinen, 1993;\r\nRagnarsson, 2009; Jensen et al., 2010). There are also some studies found a tendency toward higher\r\ndigestibility in ponies than in horses. Some individuals are so called “easy keepers” accumulating\r\nfat easily in their body. In addition, the amount of voluntary exercise of horses varies resulting\r\ndifferent energy needs and feeding levels.\r\nTo keep horses health and to guarantee their wellbeing, it is important to take care of the hygienic\r\nquality of the feeds and feeding facilities in the paddocks or loose stables. Poor hygienic quality of\r\nfeeds and feeding may cause sever problems both in gastro-intestinal tract and airways of the horse.\r\nFeeds stored and fed outside alter poor climatic conditions, and may be source of many harmful\r\nmicro-organisms.\r\nEating and feeding is also part of the social life of the horses in paddocks and the loose housing\r\nsystems. The horse can be characterised as a ‘herd’, ‘nomadic’ and ‘flight-animal’, which spends\r\nabout 60% of its daily behaviour on voluntary food intake (Duncan, 1980; Vulink, 2001; Davidson,\r\n1999).\r\n"^^ . "2011" . . "7" . "2" . . "Nordic Association of Agricultural Scientists"^^ . . . "Housing and management of horses in Nordic and Baltic climate"^^ . . . . . . . . "Markku"^^ . "Saastamoinen"^^ . "Markku Saastamoinen"^^ . . . . . . "Outdoor feeding management and needs of horses - an overview (Microsoft Word)"^^ . . . . . . . . "Saastamoinen1.doc"^^ . . . "Outdoor feeding management and needs of horses - an overview (Indexer Terms)"^^ . . . . . . "indexcodes.txt"^^ . . "HTML Summary of #19453 \n\nOutdoor feeding management and needs of horses - an overview\n\n" . "text/html" . . . " Feeding and growth"@en . " Fütterung"@de . .