Biofumigation auch gegen pflanzenparasitische Nematoden?

Summary

Biofumigation refers to a biological method to reduce diseases, pests and weeds in
the soil which is suitable for organic production systems. Cruciferous plants with a
high level of Glucosinolates are grown for about two months in the field. To achieve
the biofumigation effect, the intercrop is mulched during full bloom and rapidly
incorporated into the soil. The Gluconisolates are converted during biological
degradation into volatile substances toxic for certain diseases or pests. Nematodes
are also sensitive to these substances and are reduced thereby. Besides using the
incorporation of fresh plant material, pellets made of dried cruciferous plants and sold
as fertilizer might be an alternative approach for nematode control. The pellets are
incorporated into the soil before planting, avoiding the cultivation of plants for several
months as in conventional biofumigation. First results from pot and greenhouse
experiments show effects on plant growth, galling index and reproduction rate of root
knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). Further studies conducted at the Agroscope
Changins-Wädenswil Research Station ACW are underway to evaluate the potential
of this method for the control of different Meloidogyne-species and host plants.