relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/14190/ title: Hvem gavner hvem i marken? creator: Eilenberg, Jørgen creator: Jensen, Annette B. creator: Meyling, Nicolai V. subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: I det dyrkede land ønsker vi en høj produktion af sunde fødevarer samtidig med, at økosystemets biologiske mangfoldighed er så høj som muligt. Naturlige fjender er med til at holde skadedyrene nede uden brug af pesticider. Men når nogle svampearter angriber de nyttige insekter som rovinsekterne og bierne, kan det indirekte hæmme fødevareproduktionen. date: 2008 type: Other type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/14190/1/14190.pdf identifier: Eilenberg, Jørgen; Jensen, Annette B. and Meyling, Nicolai V. (2008) Hvem gavner hvem i marken? University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Life Sciences . relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/14148/ title: Status og nye udfordringer: Biologisk bekæmpelse af skadedyr creator: Eilenberg, Jørgen creator: Jespersen, Jørgen B. subject: Crop health, quality, protection subject: Food security, food quality and human health subject: Regulation subject: Consumer issues subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: Biologisk bekæmpelse var en succes, da det blev introduceret første gang i 1880'erne i Californien. I artiklen defineres forskellige strategier og vi gør status over den faktiske brug af biologisk bekæmpelse, både i Danmark og globalt. Der er fortsat et stort potentiale for biologisk bekæmpelse, og metoden er mere aktuel end nogensinde. Der er dog fortsat behov for at vide mere om organismerne og deres samspil med andre arter og deres omgivelser. publisher: Jordbrugsakademikerne contributor: Hansen, Michael B. date: 2008-05 type: Newspaper or magazine article type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/14148/1/14148.pdf identifier: Eilenberg, Jørgen and Jespersen, Jørgen B. (2008) Status og nye udfordringer: Biologisk bekæmpelse af skadedyr. [Biological control of pests: Status and new challenges.] moMentum, Jord og Viden Tema, May 2008, 6 (2), pp. 4-7. relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/16060/ title: Insect pathogenic fungi in biological control: status and future challenges creator: Eilenberg, Jørgen creator: Meyling, Nicolai V. creator: Jensen, Annette B. subject: Regulation subject: Markets and trade subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: In Europe, insect pathogenic fungi have in decades played a significant role in biological control of insects. With respect to the different strategies of biological control and with respects to the different genera of insect pathogenic fungi, the success and potential vary, however. Classical biological control: no strong indication of potential. Inundation and inoculation biological control: success stories with the genera Metarhizium, Beauveria, Isaria/Paecilomyces and Lecanicillium (previously Verticillium). However, the genotypes employed seem to include a narrow spectrum of the many potentially useful genotypes. Conservation biological control: Pandora and Entomophthora have a strong potential, but also Beauveria has a potential to be explored further. The main bottleneck for further exploitation of insect pathogenic fungi in biological control is the limited knowledge of host pathogen interaction at the fungal genotype level. publisher: International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants contributor: Ehlers, Ralf-Udo contributor: Crickmore, Neil contributor: Enkerli, Jürg contributor: Glazer, Itamar contributor: Lopez-Ferber, Miguel contributor: Tkaczuk, Cezary date: 2009-06 type: Conference paper, poster, etc. type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/16060/2/16060.pdf identifier: Eilenberg, Jørgen; Meyling, Nicolai V. and Jensen, Annette B. (2009) Insect pathogenic fungi in biological control: status and future challenges. In: Ehlers, Ralf-Udo; Crickmore, Neil; Enkerli, Jürg; Glazer, Itamar; Lopez-Ferber, Miguel and Tkaczuk, Cezary (Eds.) IOBC wprs Bulletin, International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants, pp. 7-10. identifier: urn:ISBN:978-92-9067-219-7 relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/22350/ title: Research collaboration between China and Denmark for development of systemic approaches to agro-ecological pest management without pesticides with focus on vegetable, fruit and berry crops. Proceedings and recommendations from two network workshops creator: Halberg, Niels creator: Andreasen, Lise creator: Ravnskov, Sabine creator: Steenberg, Tove creator: Enkegaard, Annie creator: Sigsgaard, Lene creator: Eilenberg, Jørgen creator: Munk, Lisa creator: Langer, Vibeke creator: Korsgaard, Maren creator: Wu, Wenliang creator: Qiao, Yuhui creator: Zhang, Long creator: Guo, Yanbin creator: Liu, Yunhui creator: Zhu, Zengrong creator: Wang, Jianwu subject: Crop combinations and interactions subject: Vegetables subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services subject: Fruit and berries subject: Crop health, quality, protection description: This report is the result of a network project which was established to discuss the potential for collaboration on development of systemic approaches to pest management without pesticides between Chinese and Danish researchers. The focus is on systemic approaches rather than input substitution of synthetic chemicals with agents of natural origin, however, the latter is considered as an integrated tool for the development and design of systemic approaches. The discussions were, furthermore, limited to management of invertebrate pests as well as diseases, while other pests such as weeds have not been included in the discussions. The discussions took place at two workshops and were based on presentations of research from the two countries and field visits in China and Denmark. After the first workshop that took place in China, it was agreed that Chinese and Danish researchers in this particular field had mutual interests and priorities and that there was a potential for creating collaboration that could yield results beneficial for the agricultural/horticultural sectors in both countries. It was also agreed that in spite of the many differences between variation in climate and ecosystems, as well as in farming systems and their organization in China and Denmark, there were many similarities in the production of high-value crops in the two countries, such as vegetables, fruit and berries and, therefore, an obvious focus for joint research efforts. It was also agreed that joint research efforts could aim at specific crops as well as aiming at the development of specific research approaches. Based on the observations and the agreements of the first workshop, the second workshop, which took place in Denmark, focused more specifically on the development of a research framework with specified research questions/topics. Two groups were formed – one working with vegetables and one with fruit and berries working in parallel – both looking into what kind of research is needed for development of systemic approaches to pesticide-free pest management should include both well-known practices and new practices. Although the discussions in the two groups took separate routes and unfolded and described the research topics in each their way, there was a clear consistency between the outputs of the work of the two groups. Each had identified three main research themes that more or less followed the same line and has been merged into three specific recommendations on themes for collaboration, namely: 1) ‘Research to provide the biological foundation and understanding of mechanisms and interactions for development of non-chemical solutions and to improve efficiency of new and existing control methods for severe pest problems’. 2) Research in ‘How best to integrate multifunctional plants (and crops) and use diversification to create a more healthy and productive farming system which is resilient to pests?’ 3) Research in ‘How to design and integrate pest management in eco-functional cropping systems at field and farm/landscape level?’ contributor: Andreasen, Lise date: 2013-01 type: Report type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/22350/7/22350.pdf identifier: Halberg, Niels; Andreasen, Lise; Ravnskov, Sabine; Steenberg, Tove; Enkegaard, Annie; Sigsgaard, Lene; Eilenberg, Jørgen; Munk, Lisa; Langer, Vibeke; Korsgaard, Maren; Wu, Wenliang; Qiao, Yuhui; Zhang, Long; Guo, Yanbin; Liu, Yunhui; Zhu, Zengrong and Wang, Jianwu (editor): Andreasen, Lise (Ed.) (2013) Research collaboration between China and Denmark for development of systemic approaches to agro-ecological pest management without pesticides with focus on vegetable, fruit and berry crops. Proceedings and recommendations from two network workshops. International Centre for Research in Organic Food Systems (ICROFS) . relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/16989/ title: Økologisk dyrkning af hvidkål fremmer biodiversitet og naturlig regulering af skadedyr creator: Meyling, N.V. creator: Navntoft, S. creator: Eilenberg, J. subject: Farming Systems subject: Soil subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: Naturlig regulering af kålfluer er effektiv i økologisk dyrkede hvidkålsparceller. Økologiske dyrkningssystemer med lavt input og høj strukturel kompleksitet skaber gode livsbetingelser for en række nyttedyr. Mellemafgrøder af foregående sæsons grøngødning gavner de store arter, mens små løbe- og rovbiller bliver tilgodeset i et økologisk system med bar jord mellem afgrøderækkerne. publisher: ICROFS Internationalt Center for Forskning i Økologisk Jordbrug og Fødevaresystemer date: 2010-03 type: Newspaper or magazine article type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: da identifier: /id/eprint/16989/4/16989.pdf identifier: Meyling, N.V.; Navntoft, S. and Eilenberg, J. (2010) Økologisk dyrkning af hvidkål fremmer biodiversitet og naturlig regulering af skadedyr. ICROFS nyt, March 2010 (1), pp. 8-9. relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/16988/ title: Organic farming systems benefit biodiversity and natural pest regulation in white cabbage creator: Meyling, N.V. creator: Navntoft, S. creator: Eilenberg, J. subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services subject: Denmark description: Natural regulation of cabbage root flies works well in experimental organic cropping systems of white cabbage. Low input and complex organic systems benefit functional biodiversity by providing good living conditions to several groups of natural enemies. Intercropped green manure benefits large predators while small predatory beetles favour low input organic systems with bare soil between crop rows. publisher: ICROFS International Centre for Research in Organic Food Systems date: 2010-02 type: Newspaper or magazine article type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/16988/1/16988.pdf identifier: Meyling, N.V.; Navntoft, S. and Eilenberg, J. (2010) Organic farming systems benefit biodiversity and natural pest regulation in white cabbage. ICROFS news, February 2010 (1), pp. 4-5. relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/14152/ title: Entomopathogenic fungi infecting non-pest insects: Implications for ecosystem services and relevance of behavioural ecology creator: Meyling, Nicolai V. creator: Eilenberg, Jørgen subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: Entomopathogenic fungi infect a wide array of insects from most orders and they are among the natural enemies that contribute to the regulation of insect populations. However, only a limited number of studies have focused on the impact of fungal pathogens on populations of non-pest insects. Effects of entomopathogenic fungi on non-pest host populations should receive more attention based on the increasing interest in conservation biological control. In this strategy, founded on competition theory, non-pest host populations adjacent to cropping systems will in principle affect pest populations through shared natural enemies. We present examples of selected non-pest host-fungus systems from temperate ecosystems that are relevant for the expected ecosystem service provided by entomopathogenic fungi. Predators are among the non-pest hosts that are infected by fungi. Recent advances in our understanding of the effect of pathogens on the behaviour of predators may shed light on the significance of entomopathogenic fungi for the regulation of predator populations. We discuss what we can learn about host-pathogen interactions from behavioural ecology and which life history parameters in the host that may be important for the impacts of fungal pathogens on their host populations. date: 2008 type: Conference paper, poster, etc. type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/14152/1/14152.pdf identifier: Meyling, Nicolai V. and Eilenberg, Jørgen (2008) Entomopathogenic fungi infecting non-pest insects: Implications for ecosystem services and relevance of behavioural ecology. Speech at: "Role of disease in regulation of non-pest host populations". Symposium at the 41th Annual Meeting of the Society for Invertebrate Pathology, University of Warwick, UK, 4-7 August 2008. relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/11196/ title: Ecology of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae in temperate agroecosystems: potential for conservation biological control creator: Meyling, Nicolai V. creator: Eilenberg, Jørgen subject: Soil biology subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: It is increasingly recognized that the biodiversity in agroecosystems deliver significant ecosystem services to agricultural production such as biological control of pests. Entomopathogenic fungi, specifically the anamorphic taxa Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, Hypocreales (Ascomycota), are among the natural enemies of pests in agroecosystems and the fungi are candidates for future conservation biological control in temperate regions. Conservation biological control is a biological control strategy in which farming practices and environmental manipulations are adopted to enhance the living conditions for specific natural enemies of pests. However, in order to manipulate the environment for the benefit of populations of the entomopathogens, knowledge of fundamental aspects of the ecology of the fungi considered is necessary. This knowledge is still scarce despite the large bulk of recent research into inoculation and inundation biological control with these fungi. Here, we review the current knowledge of the ecology of indigenous populations of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae in agroecosystems of temperate regions, primarily Europe and North America. We suggest anamorphic life cycles of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae in these regions based on the literature of their natural occurrence and distribution in agroecosystems, population dynamics, and interactions with other organisms, environmental factors, and agronomical practices. publisher: Elsevier Inc contributor: Vandenberg, John date: 2007-11 type: Journal paper type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/11196/1/11196.pdf identifier: Meyling, Nicolai V. and Eilenberg, Jørgen (2007) Ecology of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae in temperate agroecosystems: potential for conservation biological control. Biological Control, 43, pp. 145-155. relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/14189/ title: Økologisk dyrkning fremmer den naturlige regulering af skadedyr creator: Meyling, Nicolai V. creator: Eilenberg, Jørgen subject: Vegetables subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: Naturlige svampesygdomme, som hjælper med til at regulere skadedyr i grønsager, er hyppigere i økologiske dyrkningssystemer sammenlignet med konventionelle. Samtidig er der færre overvintrende kålfluepupper. Det viser de foreløbige resultater fra den første dyrkningssæson i FØJO III-projektet VegQure. date: 2007-11 type: Newspaper or magazine article type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/14189/1/14189.pdf identifier: Meyling, Nicolai V. and Eilenberg, Jørgen (2007) Økologisk dyrkning fremmer den naturlige regulering af skadedyr. FØJOenyt, nyhedsbrev fra FØJO, November 2007. relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/11199/ title: Diversitet af insekternes svampesygdomme i økologisk jordbrug - hvorledes kan den øges? creator: Meyling, Nicolai V. creator: Eilenberg, Jørgen subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: Det er et vigtigt mål i økologisk jordbrug at inddrage skadedyrenes naturlige fjender i reguleringen af skadedyrpopulationer. En vigtig gruppe af disse fjender er insekternes naturligt forekommende svampesygdomme, som blandt andet findes i jorden. Danske studier viser, at landbrugslandet rummer en stor diversitet af disse svampe, og det er en fremtidig udfordring at udnytte denne diversitet i regulering af skadedyrspopulationer. publisher: CUL - Centrum för Uthålligt Landbruk date: 2007 type: Newspaper or magazine article type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/11199/1/11199.pdf identifier: Meyling, Nicolai V. and Eilenberg, Jørgen (2007) Diversitet af insekternes svampesygdomme i økologisk jordbrug - hvorledes kan den øges? [Diversity of insect pathogenic fungi in organic farming - how can it be increased?] Forskningsnytt, 2007 (2), pp. 18-20. relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/43871/ title: Natural regulation of Delia radicum in organic cabbage production creator: Meyling, Nicolai V. creator: Navntoft, Søren creator: Philipsen, Holger creator: Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian creator: Eilenberg, Jørgen subject: Soil biology subject: Vegetables subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: Population dynamics of the cabbage root fly Delia radicum in three different organic and one conventional cabbage cropping systems were evaluated over 3 years. Oviposition was reduced over time, but not affected by organic farming practice. Pupal production was reduced in all organic systems compared to the conventional system in all years, but pupal parasitation rates were similar among systems. More predators of fly eggs were present in the organic system O2. Reduced larval survival rates in the organic systems may be result of increased natural enemy activity and plant effects. date: 2013-01 type: Journal paper type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/43871/1/1-s2.0-S0167880912003611-main.pdf identifier: Meyling, Nicolai V.; Navntoft, Søren; Philipsen, Holger; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian and Eilenberg, Jørgen (2013) Natural regulation of Delia radicum in organic cabbage production. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 164, pp. 183-189. relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/19680/ title: Below- and aboveground abundance and distribution of fungal entomopathogens in experimental conventional and organic cropping systems creator: Meyling, Nicolai V. creator: Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian creator: Eilenberg, Jørgen subject: Soil biology subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: The below- and aboveground communities of fungal entomopathogens (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) were investigated in an experimental conventional and organic vegetable cropping system over two seasons in Denmark. The experimental design allowed for evaluating differences between farming practices in the occurrence of soil-borne fungal entomopathogens and as natural infections aboveground in arthropod hosts. Belowground, Metarhizium anisopliae dominated the agricultural field with Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium flavoviride and Isaria fumosorosea being present at lower frequencies. Abundances of M. anisopliae were not different between conventional and organic soils. Aboveground, B. bassiana was the most common fungal entomopathogen in arthropod host cadavers. Infections of M. flavoviride, Isaria farinosa and Gibellula spp. were also recorded. Most mycosed cadavers were recovered in August and September from conventionally farmed plots. Cadaver sizes ranged from 1.9 mm to 23.6 mm with means of 3.7 mm to 4.1 mm. Among host functional groups, predators dominated (47% - 63%) over herbivores, parasitoids and nectar-feeders. No occurrence of M. anisopliae was recorded among >200 mycosed cadavers aboveground. The results therefore suggest that M. anisopliae is not involved in direct below- and aboveground interactions in the investigated agroecosystem. Conservation biological control strategies targeting M. anisopliae should thus be solely for controlling soil-dwelling pests in temperate regions as this fungus is unlikely naturally to infect aboveground hosts in the agroecosytem. date: 2011-11-10 type: Journal paper type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/19680/4/19680.pdf identifier: Meyling, Nicolai V.; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian and Eilenberg, Jørgen (2011) Below- and aboveground abundance and distribution of fungal entomopathogens in experimental conventional and organic cropping systems. Biological Control, 59, pp. 180-186. relation: doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.07.017 identifier: doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.07.017 identifier: info:doi/doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.07.017 relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/19303/ title: Variable effects of organic farming systems on ground beetle abundance and diversity creator: Navntoft, S. creator: Thorup-Kristensen, K. creator: Eilenberg, J. creator: Kristensen, K. creator: Meyling, N.V. subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: Organic farming should support high levels of biodiversity and rely on biological pest control by natural enemies. Management of organic systems must comply with specific regulations, but within this frame management is not clearly defined. In experimental cabbage fields we studied ground beetle abundance and diversity in three different organic farming systems (O1, O2, and O3). All systems complied with regulations for organic production, but relied on either high (O1) or low (O2 and O3) external input of nutrients. The systems O2 and O3 also included green manures, and in O3 strips of green manure were left between crop rows. A conventional system was included as control. Only organic systems O2 and O3 showed benefits for ground beetles, but in different ways. Abundance of all ground beetle species was highest in May in O2, while O3 supported the highest abundance of habitat specialists with preferences for field margins reflecting the conservation of green manure strips. The ground beetle community of O3 was most diverse characterized by highest number of species and evenness (equitability among species). Organically farmed fields can therefore be designed to promote specific predators or high ground beetle diversity at the field scale by implementing different management practices. date: 2011 type: Journal paper type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/19303/4/19303.pdf identifier: Navntoft, S.; Thorup-Kristensen, K.; Eilenberg, J.; Kristensen, K. and Meyling, N.V. (2011) Variable effects of organic farming systems on ground beetle abundance and diversity. Crop Protection, NA, pp. 1-30. [Completed] relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8357/ title: Biological Control in Organic Production: First choice or last option? creator: Speiser, Bernhard creator: Wyss, Eric creator: Maurer, Veronika subject: Regulation subject: Values, standards and certification description: "Biological agriculture" is a synonym for organic farming, but the term was developed independently from ‘biological control’. Therefore, it cannot be taken for granted that all methods of biological control are acceptable or even a first choice in organic farming. In this chapter, we explore the attitude of organic farming towards methods of biological control. Although organic farming has become popular during the last decade, organic farms are still a minority in all countries. Furthermore there is a lack of profound knowledge about the regulatory framework for organic farming (i.e. public regulations and private standards). Therefore, we will firstly give a brief introduction to organic farming. publisher: Springer; Dordrecht, The Netherlands contributor: Eilenberg, J. contributor: Hokkanen, H. date: 2006 type: Book chapter type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: de identifier: /id/eprint/8357/1/speiser-etal-2006-biological_control-preprint.pdf identifier: Speiser, Bernhard; Wyss, Eric and Maurer, Veronika (2006) Biological Control in Organic Production: First choice or last option? In: Eilenberg, J. and Hokkanen, H. (Eds.) An Ecological and Societal Approach to Biological Control. Springer; Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 27-46. relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/22838/ title: Isolation of Metarhizium spp. from root systems of different crops: Are specific genotypes associated with certain plants? creator: Steinwender, B.M. creator: Enkerli, J. creator: Widmer, F. creator: Bidochka, M. creator: Eilenberg, J. creator: Kristensen, H.L. creator: Meyling, N.V. subject: Soil biology subject: Vegetables subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: Isolation of Metarhizium spp. from root systems of different crops: Are specific genotypes associated with certain plants? date: 2013 type: Journal paper type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/22838/8/22838.pdf identifier: Steinwender, B.M.; Enkerli, J.; Widmer, F.; Bidochka, M.; Eilenberg, J.; Kristensen, H.L. and Meyling, N.V. (2013) Isolation of Metarhizium spp. from root systems of different crops: Are specific genotypes associated with certain plants? , , - . [Unpublished] relation: https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/19302/ title: Molecular diversity of the Metarhizium anisopliae lineage in an agricultural field creator: Steinwender, Bernhardt M. creator: Enkerli, Jürg creator: Widmer, Franco creator: Eilenberg, Jørgen creator: Meyling, Nicolai V. subject: Soil biology subject: Biodiversity and ecosystem services description: Entomopathogenic fungal isolates identified by morphology as Metarhizium anisopliae may belong to different species when identified by molecular characters. We isolated Metarhizium spp. from an experimental agricultural field under both conventional and organic farming regimes using Tenebrio molitor as bait insect to assess the molecular diversity within the soil. Isolates were analyzed using DNA sequencing and applying SSR markers. Within the former M. anisopliae lineage, we found M. brunneum (86.3%), M. robertsii (11.3%) and M. majus (3.4%) in the soil samples. Several genotypes of each species were identified based on SSR markers. Differences in abundance of the species and their genotypes suggest different adaptations to the soil environment of the agricultural field. There were no effects of conventinal or organic farming regimes on diversity of the fungi. date: 2011-06 type: Journal paper type: NonPeerReviewed format: application/pdf language: en identifier: /id/eprint/19302/4/19302.pdf identifier: Steinwender, Bernhardt M.; Enkerli, Jürg; Widmer, Franco; Eilenberg, Jørgen and Meyling, Nicolai V. (2011) Molecular diversity of the Metarhizium anisopliae lineage in an agricultural field. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin, 66, pp. 113-115.