2024-03-29T08:03:24Z
https://orgprints.org/cgi/oai2
oai:orgprints.org:16
2022-08-29T08:22:54Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D3676616C756573
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/16/
Science as an actor. On the role of values and science in organic farming
Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted
Kristensen, Erik Steen
Systems research and participatory research
Values, standards and certification
If research is to play a role as a tool for development of organic farming, it needs to be forward-looking and proactive. Research therefore has to take up the challenge of analysing, clarifying and communicating the values that enter into the initiation of research projects in relation to the course of the organic movement. In general, values play an important role in science. This means that conventional objectivity is not an appropriate criterion of scientific quality. What is required, is a reflexive objectivity that involves the identification and communication of the cognitive context of research, including not only the observational context but also the societal and intentional context.
Organic Centre Wales
2002
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/16/1/alroe_uk_organic_2002.pdf
source
en
/id/eprint/16/2/alroe_uk_organic_2002.doc
multimedia
en
/id/eprint/16/3/Alroe_UK_organic_2002.ppt
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/16/4/Alroe_UK_organic_2002.pdf
Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted and Kristensen, Erik Steen (2002) Science as an actor. On the role of values and science in organic farming. Paper at: UK Organic Research 2002, Aberystwyth, 26-28th March 2002.
oai:orgprints.org:299
2010-04-12T07:27:23Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/299/
Deltagerdriven forskning – växtodlingsgruppen: Resultat och utvärdering av arbetet under 1998 till 2001
Svanäng, Karin
Roempke, Gösta
Eriksson, Göran
Johansson, Lars-Birger
Lund, Torvald
Karlsson, Lennart
Öhman, Tommy
Ihrsén, Jan
Pettersson, Owe
Eriksson, Kjell
Jacobsson, Christer
Systems research and participatory research
Crop husbandry
De ekologiska lantbrukarna i Sverige har under lång tid utfört olika typer av utvecklingsarbete på gårdsnivå (Wivstad, 1999). I den fortsatta utvecklingen av ekologiskt lantbruk är det viktigt att ta tillvara dessa erfarenheter och kunskaper.
Deltagardriven forskning är en förändringsprocess (Ullmark, 1998) där aktiva lantbrukare, rådgivare och forskare arbetar i grupp utifrån gemensamma intresseområden. Syftet är att knyta ihop forskarnas, rådgivarnas och lantbrukarnas teoretiska och praktiska kunskaper och erfarenheter. Alla som medverkar i processen är lika viktiga och alla
parter som berörs av resultaten har möjlighet att påverka gruppens arbete och utveckling (Ullmark, 1998).
Tillsammans identifierar gruppen problem och använder/utvecklar för lantbrukaren relevanta försöks- och forskningsmetoder som kan bidra till att lösa de praktiska problem som lantbrukaren faktiskt ställs inför. Genom deltagardriven forskning kan lantbrukarna även få möjlighet till att påverka var och hur forskning bedrivs. Forskningsfrågorna kan hämtas från lantbrukssystemets olika delar samt göra gruppen medveten om hur olika delar påverkar helheten (Wivstad, 1999; Eksvärd et al, 2001). I förlängningen kan deltagarna bli informatörer och överföra idéer till andra lantbrukare (Ullmark, 1998).
Centrum för uthålligt lantbruk, CUL, placerat vid SLU, har sedan 1998 ansvarat för det tvärvetenskapliga projektet ”Deltagardriven forskning” som ett verktyg för regional utveckling av det ekologiska lantbruket. Det övergripande målet har varit att öka kunskapen om hur man kan åstadkomma uthålliga lantbrukssystem.
Projektet startade med sex delgrupper inriktade på följande områden: grönsaker – friland, grönsaker – växthus, höns, växtodling, biogas samt grisproduktion. Därefter har några tillkommit och några avslutats.
För aktuell information se hemsidan: www.cul.slu.se. Ytterligare beskrivning kan fås i ”Deltagardriven forskning – forskningsinriktad aktörssamverkan för svenskt lantbruk” (Eksvärd, i tryck).
2002-11
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/299/1/rapport35vaxtodling.pdf
Svanäng, Karin; Roempke, Gösta; Eriksson, Göran; Johansson, Lars-Birger; Lund, Torvald; Karlsson, Lennart; Öhman, Tommy; Ihrsén, Jan; Pettersson, Owe; Eriksson, Kjell and Jacobsson, Christer (2002) Deltagerdriven forskning – växtodlingsgruppen: Resultat och utvärdering av arbetet under 1998 till 2001. Ekologiskt Lantbruk, no. 35. .
oai:orgprints.org:324
2010-04-12T07:27:24Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D6A6F75726E616C70
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/324/
Combining Luhmann and Actor-Network Theory to see Farm Enterprises as Self-organizing Systems
Noe, Egon
Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted
Systems research and participatory research
From a rural, sociological point of view no social theories have so far been able to grasp the ontological complexity and special character of a farm enterprise as an entity in a really satisfying way. The contention of this paper is that a combination of Luhmann’s theory of social systems and the actor-network theory (ANT) of Latour, Callon, and Law offers a new and radical framework for understanding a farm as a self-organizing, heterogeneous system.
Luhmann’s theory offers an approach to understand a farm as a self-organizing system (operating in meaning) that must produce and reproduce itself through demarcation from the surrounding world by selection of meaning. The meaning of the system is expressed through the goals, values, and logic of the farming processes. This theory is, however, less useful when studying the heterogeneous character of a farm as a mixture of biology, sociology, technology, and economy.
ANT offers an approach to focus on the heterogeneous network of interactions of human and non-human actors, such as knowledge, technology, money, farmland, animals, plants, etc., and how these interactions depend on both the quality of the actors and the network context of interaction. But the theory is weak when it comes to explaining the self-organizing character of a farm enterprise.
Using Peirce’s general semiotics as a platform, the two theories in combination open a new and radical framework for multidisciplinary studies of farm enterprises that may serve as a platform for communication between the different disciplines and approaches.
Imprint Academic
2006
Journal paper
NonPeerReviewed
source
en
/id/eprint/324/1/Manus_cybernetics_Noe.doc
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/324/2/Noe_and_Alroe_2004_Combining_Luhmann_and_ANT.pdf
Noe, Egon and Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted (2006) Combining Luhmann and Actor-Network Theory to see Farm Enterprises as Self-organizing Systems. Cybernetics and Human Knowing, 13 (1), pp. 34-48.
oai:orgprints.org:325
2010-04-12T07:27:24Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67
74797065733D6A6F75726E616C70
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/325/
Farm enterprises as self-organizing systems: A new transdisciplinary framework for studying farm enterprises?
Noe, Egon
Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted
Systems research and participatory research
Farming Systems
The growing attention to sustainable food production and multifunctional agriculture calls for a multidisciplinary or transdisciplinary research and development perspective on farming, which is able to grasp the environmental, social, technical, and financial aspects of a farm and the dynamic relationship between the farm enterprises and the surrounding world. Our thesis is that a transdisciplinary approach needs to build on a working ontology that goes beyond the epistemology of each discipline and that is not just pieced together of the ontologies connected to these different epistemologies. Based on a review of three prevailing theoretical frameworks within the field of agro-sociology: The farming styles approach, the Bawden approach, and Conway’s agroecosystem approach, we argue that these existing theories do not offer such a theoretical framework. The claim of this paper is that a new concept of a farm enterprise as a self-organizing social system, which combines ideas from Actor-Network theory (ANT) and Luhmann’s theory of social systems, can serve as a useful ontological platform for understanding a farm-enterprise as an entity independent of a scientific observer.
In this framework, each farm is understood as a self-organizing node in a complex of heterogeneous socio-technical networks of food, supply, knowledge, technology, etc. This implies that a farm has to be understood as the way in which these network relationships are organised by the farm as a self-organizing social system. Among all the different possible ways in which to interact with the surrounding world, the system has to select a coherent strategy in order to make the farming processes possible at all.
It will be discussed how this framework may add to the understanding of the continuous development of a heterogeneity of farm strategies and contribute to a more comprehensive view of the fields of regulation and extension.
Research Committee on Sociology of Agriculture and Food (RC40), International Sociological Association (ISA)
2003
Journal paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/325/2/Noe_and_Alroe_2004_Farms_as_self-organizing_systems_POSTPRINT.pdf
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/325/3/Noe_and_Alroe_2004_Farm_enterprises_as_selforganizing_systems.pdf
Noe, Egon and Alrøe, Hugo Fjelsted (2003) Farm enterprises as self-organizing systems: A new transdisciplinary framework for studying farm enterprises? International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food, 11 (1), pp. 3-14.
oai:orgprints.org:702
2010-06-28T11:42:49Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D33616E696D616C:31616E696D616C70726F64:3770696773
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/702/
Auswirkungen der Umstellung schweinehaltender Betriebe in einem Verbundsystem im Hinblick auf Nährstoffeffizienz und Ökonomie [conversion of pig production and its effects on nutrients efficiency and economcy]
Sundrum, Albert
Trangolao, Abraham
Systems research and participatory research
Pigs
Thema:
Einer steigenden Nachfrage nach Schweinefleisch aus der Ökologischen Tierhaltung steht auf der Produktionsseite ein geringes, kleinstrukturiertes Angebot gegenüber. Am Beispiel einer Erzeugergemeinschaft zwischen der Thönes-Großschlachterei am Niederrhein und seinen Lieferanten sollen die Auswirkungen einer Umstellung schweinehaltender Betriebe auf die ökologische Wirtschaftsweise gemäß den Eckpunkten der EU-Verordnung (EWG Nr. 1804/99) untersucht werden. Basierend auf den Daten zum Nährstoffmanagement, Futterbau, Fütterung, Leistungspotential in der Schweinemast, Arbeitswirtschaft und Produktionskosten der Betriebe werden unter Berücksichtigung der genannten Rahmenbedingungen betriebsspezifische Umstellungsszenarien entwickelt. Anhand der Szenarien werden die betrieblichen Auswirkungen der mit der Umstellung einhergehenden Produktionsänderungen ermittelt. Darüber hinaus wird untersucht, inwieweit durch ein betriebsübergreifendes Verbundsystem einzelbetriebliche Begrenzungen in den Produktionsmitteln abgemildert bzw. zusätzliche Produktionsvorteile durch Synergieeffekte erzielt werden können.
2000
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/702/1/handbuch-kein-Dokument.pdf
{Project} Auswirkungen der Umstellung schweinehaltender Betriebe in einem Verbundsystem im Hinblick auf Nährstoffeffizienz und Ökonomie [conversion of pig production and its effects on nutrients efficiency and economcy]. , Universität Kassel, Fachbereich Ökologische Agrarwissenschaften .
oai:orgprints.org:722
2010-04-12T07:27:39Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E:357472616E73666572
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:34736F6369616C
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/722/
Systemaufstellungen als innovatives Beratungsinstrument im ökologischen Landbau
Wesseler, Matthias
Fink-Keßler, Andrea
Systems research and participatory research
Technology transfer
Social aspects
Ziel des Vorhabens ist es, die weitere Entwicklung des ökologischen Landbaus durch das Potenzial von Systemstellungen zu stärken. Dazu wird ein neues Instrumentarium für die Beratung in Betrieben und Verbänden entwickelt und einem weiteren Kreis von Interessierten bereitgestellt. In Familienberatung und Organisationsentwicklung wird dieses Instrumentarium seit Jahren mit großem Erfolg verwendet. Insbesondere in strukturellen Übergangsphasen und in sozialen Spannungssituationen haben sich System- stellungen (u.a. nach Hellinger) als wirkungsvolles Verfahren erwiesen, mentale Blockaden zu überwinden und dadurch neue Energien für Problemlösungen zu erschließen: 1. Es soll erprobt werden, inwieweit Systemstellungen geeignet sind, beizutragen zu produktiven Lösungen auch für strukturelle und soziale Hemmnisse, die bei der Umstellung auf ökologischen Anbau auftreten können. 2. Die erwartete positive Wirkungsweise dieses Verfahrens soll medientechnisch so aufbereitet werden, dass sie einer überzeugenden Verbreitung leicht zugänglich ist. 3. Diese Verbreitung soll zudem durch die Einrichtung eines entsprechenden bundesweiten Netzwerkes gesichert werden.
2003
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/722/1/wesseler-2003-systemaufstellung-kurzinfo.pdf
{Project} Systemaufstellungen als innovatives Beratungsinstrument im ökologischen Landbau. [Systemic constellations - an innovative tool for agricultural extension for ecological agriculture.] Runs 2002 - 2003. Project Leader(s): Wesseler, Dr. Matthias, Universität Kassel, Fachgebiet Ökologische Agrarwissenschaften .
oai:orgprints.org:723
2010-04-12T07:27:39Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:34736F6369616C
74797065733D6A6F75726E616C70
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/723/
Systemaufstellungen - für die Landwirtschaft
Fink-Keßler, Andrea
Systems research and participatory research
Social aspects
Bekannt geworden sind Familienaufstellungen als psychotherapeutisches Heilverfahren. Die daraus abgeleiteten Systemaufstellungen werden schon seit längerem in der Wirtschaft eingesetzt, um Potenziale und Lösungen für Organisationsprobleme zu ermitteln. In der landwirtschaftlichen Beratung sind sie noch weitgehend unbekannt. Was geschieht bei Systemaufstellungen? Wie wirken sie? Können Sie zu neuen Erkenntnissen in der landwirtschaftlichen Beratung führen?
AID
aid, Infodienst
2003
Journal paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/723/1/handbuch-kein-Dokument.pdf
Fink-Keßler, Andrea (2003) Systemaufstellungen - für die Landwirtschaft. B&B Agrar - Die Zeitschrift für Bildung und Beratung (5), pp. 148-149.
oai:orgprints.org:805
2010-05-04T08:59:46Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/805/
Agricultural systems research
Lockeretz, W
Boehncke, E
Systems research and participatory research
Contents:
Just what do we mean by "systems", and how can we understand them?
Why is systems research particularly suited to organic agriculture?
How do we do it? A way to start
Achieving true systems research: a long-range goal
Hovi, M
Trujillo, R G
2000
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/805/1/805-boehncke-e-2000-systems.pdf
Lockeretz, W and Boehncke, E (2000) Agricultural systems research. In: Hovi, M and Trujillo, R G (Eds.) Diversity of livestock systems and definition of animal welfare, pp. 5-15.
oai:orgprints.org:917
2010-06-28T11:06:45Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D33616E696D616C:31616E696D616C70726F64:3770696773
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/917/
Effekte der Umstellung von schweinehaltenden Betrieben in einem ökologischen Verbundsystem auf umweltrelevante und ökonomische Kenngrößen
Sundrum, Albert
Trangolao, A.
Köpke, Ulf
Systems research and participatory research
Pigs
Zusammenfassung:
Einer steigenden Verbrauchernachfrage nach Schweinefleisch aus ökologischer Erzeugung steht ein geringes Angebot aus der regionalen Erzeugung gegenüber. Ausländische Anbieter schicken sich an, diese Marktlücke zu schließen. Auf Seiten der konventionelle Erzeuger bestehen zum Teil erhebliche Vorbehalte, auf eine verbraucherorientierte Produktionsweise umzustellen. Mangelnde Kenntnisse über die gesamtbetrieblichen Auswirkungen einer Umstellung sowie Informationsdefizite bezüglich verfahrenstechnischer und ökonomischer Kenngrößen hindern die Landwirte daran, sich mit den Vor- und Nachteilen einer Umstellung auseinander zu setzen.
In dem Untersuchungsvorhaben wurden ausgehend von der aktuellen Situation auf schweine haltenden Betrieben einer Erzeugergemeinschaft für Schweinefleisch die Auswirkungen einer Umstellung untersucht. Basierend auf Daten zum Nährstoffmanagement, Futterbau, Fütterung, und zu den Produktionskosten wurde unter Berücksichtigung der Rahmenricht linien der Ökologischen Landwirtschaft betriebsspezifische Umstellungsszenarien erarbeitet, anhand derer gesamtbetriebliche Auswirkungen der mit der Umstellung einhergehenden Produktionsbeschränkungen abgeleitet werden können. Darüber hinaus wurde untersucht, inwieweit durch ein betriebsübergreifendes Verbundsystem einzelbetriebliche Begrenzungen in den Produktionsmitteln abgemildert werden können. Die Ergebnisse können wie folgt zusammengefasst werden:
Eine einzelbetriebliche Umstellung ist unter Beibehaltung des bisherigen Viehbestandes nur von etwa 61 % der untersuchten Betriebe realisierbar. Entsprechend bestehen für 39 % der Betriebe aufgrund des über die Marge von 2 GVE/ha liegenden Viehbesatzes erheb liche Umstellungsschwierigkeiten. Bei einer Umstellung in einem betriebsübergreifendem Verbundsystem könnten die bisherigen Tierzahlen aufrechterhalten werden.
In der derzeitigen Situation liegt auf vielen Betrieben eine hohe Versorgungslage der Böden mit Nährstoffen vor. Aufgrund der Dünge-Verordnung werden viele Betriebe das bisher praktizierte Düngungsniveau mittelfristig deutlich einschränken müssen.
Durch eine Umstellung auf die ökologische Wirtschaftsweise können die Nährstoffsalden sowohl von Stickstoff als von Phosphor und Kalium gegenüber der derzeitigen Situation deutlich reduziert werden. Das Bilanzsaldo von Stickstoff verringerte sich von 167 kg N/ha in der Ist-Situation auf 63 bzw. 62 kg N/ha in den Umstellungsszenarien I und II. Analog wurden auch die Bilanzsalden von Phosphor ausgehend von 35 kg P/ha in der Ist-Situation auf 2 bzw. 4 kg P/ha und von Kalium ausgehend von 97 kg K/ha auf 17 bzw. 27 kg K/ha in den Umstellungsszenarien I und II reduziert. Maßgeblich für die Verringerung der Salden nach der Umstellung auf die ökologische Wirtschaftsweise waren die drastisch reduzierten Input-Mengen an Nährstoffen in den Betrieb.
Während in der konventionellen Ausgangssituation der Bedarf an Futtergetreide zu 80 % durch die betriebseigene Erzeugung gedeckt wurde, müssen nach der Umstellung in Szenario I bis zu 60 % und in Szenario II bis zu 48 % der Bedarfsmengen an Futtergetreide zugekauft werden. Allerdings reduzieren sich nach der Umstellung die Zukaufmengen an Eiweißergänzungsmittel im Mittel um ca. 45 % gegenüber der Ausgangssituation.
Durch die Umstellung auf die ökologische Wirtschaftsweise erhöhen sich vor allem aufgrund sehr hoher Ferkel- und Futterkosten die Produktionskosten um ca. 68%. Durch eine zentrale Organisation der Schweinezucht, Futtermittelerzeugung und -beschaffung sowie durch entsprechende Konzepte für die Nutzung der ‘Nichtfutterflächen‘ können erhebliche Synergieeffekte genutzt und die Produktionskosten gesenkt werden.
2003
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/917/1/handbuch-kein-Dokument.pdf
Sundrum, Albert; Trangolao, A. and Köpke, Ulf (2003) Effekte der Umstellung von schweinehaltenden Betrieben in einem ökologischen Verbundsystem auf umweltrelevante und ökonomische Kenngrößen. [Implications of conversion on environmental and socio-economic traits in organic pig production.] Forschungsbericht des Lehr- und Forschungsschwerpunktes "Umweltverträgliche und Standortgerechte Landwirtschaft der Universität Bonn", Heft-Nr. (im Druck).. Universität Kassel, Fachbereich Ökologische Agrarwissenschaften und Landwirtschaftlichen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn , Fachgebiet Tierernährung und Tiergesundheit.
oai:orgprints.org:929
2010-04-12T07:27:50Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:346D6574686F6473
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/929/
On-Farm Experimente - Leitfaden zur Planung und Durchführung
Bachinger, J.
Stein-Bachinger, K.
Werner, A.
Systems research and participatory research
Specific methods
Durch den entwickelten Leitfaden wird gewährleistet, dass durch eine richtige Anlage/ Auswertung von Experimenten eine in den Betriebsablauf integrierte Weiterentwicklung von Anbauverfahren und –strategien erfolgen kann. So enthält der Leitfaden u.a. eine Anleitung zur Problemidentifikation und Formulierung relevanter Versuchsfragen, die unter den Bedingungen bzw. Einschränkungen von "On-Farm Experiments" realisiert werden können, eine Erläuterung der Grundprinzipien bei der Durchführung von Versuchen, eine Auswahl potenzieller Prüfmerkmale und -faktoren sowie Stufen der Prüffaktoren, Beispiele für Versuchsanlagen, Datenerhebung bzw. Auswertung/ Aussagefähigkeit und Dokumentation.
Freisinger Künstlerpresse W. Bode
Maidl, F.-X.
Diepenbrock, W.
2002
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/929/1/929-bachinger-et-al-2002-on-farm-experiments.pdf
Bachinger, J.; Stein-Bachinger, K. and Werner, A. (2002) On-Farm Experimente - Leitfaden zur Planung und Durchführung. [On-farm experiments - Guide for planning and realisation.] In: Maidl, F.-X. and Diepenbrock, W. (Eds.) 45. Jahrestagung vom 26. bis 28. September 2002 in Berlin: Kurzfassungen der Vorträge und Poster, Freisinger Künstlerpresse W. Bode, Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Pflanzenbauwissenschaften, no. 14, pp. 189-190.
oai:orgprints.org:944
2010-04-12T07:27:51Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3263726F70636F6D62
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/944/
Entwicklung eines Modells zur Generierung und Bewertung standort- und situationsangepasster Fruchtfolgen im Ökologischen Landbau [Development of a model for generation and evaluation of site- and situation-adapted crop rotations in organic agriculture]
Bachinger, J.
Zander, P.
Systems research and participatory research
Crop combinations and interactions
Eine weitere Ausdehnung des Ökologischen Landbaus erfordert neben der Weiterentwicklung einzelner Produktionsverfahren Werkzeuge zur Optimierung der betrieblichen Organisation. Darüber hinaus ist eine Bewertung auf regionaler Ebene der ökonomischen und ökologischen Leistungen des ökologischen Landbaus unter variierenden politischen und ökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen wichtig. Eine Grundvoraussetzung für beide Aufgaben ist die Abbildung von nachhaltigen und pflanzenbaulich stabilen Produktionssystemen des ökologischen Landbaus. Dabei spielt die Fruchtfolgegestaltung im ökologischen Landbau aus folgenden Gründen eine zentrale Rolle:
1. N-Versorgung weitgehend aus N2-Fixierung der Leguminosen
2. Regelung des Beikrautdruckes
3. Berücksichtigung phytosanitärer Retriktionen und
4. Gewährleistung der betrieblichen Futterproduktion
Verlag Dr. Köster
Reents, Hans-Jürgen
2001
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/944/1/944-bachinger-zander-2001-fruchtfolgen-6-wiss-tagung.pdf
Bachinger, J. and Zander, P. (2001) Entwicklung eines Modells zur Generierung und Bewertung standort- und situationsangepasster Fruchtfolgen im Ökologischen Landbau [Development of a model for generation and evaluation of site- and situation-adapted crop rotations in organic agriculture]. In: Reents, Hans-Jürgen (Ed.) Beiträge zur 6. Wissenschaftstagung zum Ökologischen Land- und Gartenbau, Von Leit-Bildern zu Leit-Linien, Verlag Dr. Köster, pp. 167-170.
oai:orgprints.org:969
2010-04-12T07:27:51Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:36636F6D6D756E69636174696F6E
74797065733D6F74686572
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/969/
Forschungsvielfalt für die Agrarwende - 20% der Forschungsmittel für eine zukunftsfähige Landwirtschaft
Moch, Katja
Tappeser, Beatrix
Systems research and participatory research
Research methodology and philosophy
Research communication and quality
Mit der Verteilung von Forschungsgeldern wird Industrie- und Strukturpolitik gemacht - und das in einem von der Öffentlichkeit nur wenig beachteten Maß. Öffentlich diskutiert und in einem demokratischen Sinne legitimiert ist die Schwerpunktsetzung in der Forschung nur selten. Doch mit der Möglichkeit, auf der einen Seite den Geldhahn sprudeln und bei alternativen Verfahren diesen nur tröpfeln zu lassen oder gar ganz geschlossen zu halten, werden in der Regel sehr frühzeitig Weichen gestellt - hin zur Entwicklung bestimmter Technologien, zur Unterstützung ausgewählter Akteure und Strukturen. Forschungspolitik ist zunehmend Industriepolitik geworden, indem industrielle Akteure direkt in die Forschungsvorhaben eingebunden sind und ein (industrieller) Anwendungsbezug bereits in der Antragsphase skizziert werden soll. Die Patentierung und damit Privatisierung der Forschungsergebnisse ist Bestandteil dieses forschungspolitischen Konzeptes. Gegen public private partnership, wie solche Konzepte auch genannt werden, ist nichts einzuwenden, wenn dies nur ein Segment der Forschungspolitik ist und ein gemeinwohlorientiertes Segment gleichberechtigt daneben tritt. Im Bereich der Agrarforschung ist dies besonders wichtig. Denn die Interessen der industriellen Akteure, der Landwirte, des Naturschutzes oder der VerbraucherInnen sind häufig nicht identisch. Wenn eine ressourcen- und umweltschonende Landwirtschaft das Ziel ist, die auf chemischen Input weitestgehend verzichten will, stellen sich die Forschungsfragen anders, als wenn eine pestizidgestützte Landwirtschaft möglichst kostengünstig eine Pilzkrankheit bekämpfen möchte. Lösungen, in der Forschung entwickelt und direkt vom Landwirt einsetzbar, sind nicht im Interesse der Agrarindustrie, also wird sie sich daran auch nicht beteiligen. Für eine Agrarwende sind sie aber dringend notwendig. In den vergangenen Jahrzehnten ist schwerpunktmäßig in die Entwicklung einer industriellen Landwirtschaft investiert worden - auch auf der Forschungsseite. Die Weiterentwicklung des ökologischen Landbaus und einer entsprechenden Lebensmittelverarbeitung wurde allenfalls auf Sparflamme betrieben. Und doch hat bereits diese kleine Unterstützung vielfältige Ansätze und Lösungen hervorgebracht - die nicht nur für einen ökologischen Landbau spannend sind. Mit den folgenden Geschichten möchten wir einen kleinen Ausschnitt aus der Vielfalt der Ansätze und Lösungen vorstellen: faszinierende Forschung für eine zukunftsfähige Landwirtschaft. Das ist die Forschung, die die Agrarwende braucht.
2002-02
Other
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/969/1/moch-k-2002-forschungsvielfalt-nur-text.pdf
Moch, Katja and Tappeser, Beatrix (2002) Forschungsvielfalt für die Agrarwende - 20% der Forschungsmittel für eine zukunftsfähige Landwirtschaft. Öko-Institut e.V., Freiburg/Darmstadt/Berlin . [Unpublished]
oai:orgprints.org:1022
2010-04-12T07:27:54Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:36636F6D6D756E69636174696F6E
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/1022/
Guide for on-farm experiments by organic farmers
Bachinger, J.
Stein-Bachinger, K.
Vögel, R.
Werner, A.
Systems research and participatory research
Research communication and quality
The Guide will be overworked based on observations and experiences of chosen users to ensure a broad as possible practical relevance. Experiments which have already been implemented to address various questions cover the diversity of possibilities which result through that kind of approach for practice and advising.
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Krell, R.
Zanoli, R.
2000
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/1022/1/1022-bachinger-et-al-2000-on-farm-guide.pdf
Bachinger, J.; Stein-Bachinger, K.; Vögel, R. and Werner, A. (2000) Guide for on-farm experiments by organic farmers. In: Krell, R. and Zanoli, R. (Eds.) Research Methodologies in Organic farming: On-Farm Participatory Research: Proceedings, FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS, REU Technical Series, no. 63, pp. 47-48.
oai:orgprints.org:1162
2009-08-20T14:20:10Z
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:38706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/1162/
Ausweitung des ökologischen Landbaus (ÖL) in Deutschland – Voraussetzungen, Strategien, Implikationen, politische Optionen
Beusmann, Volker
Feindt, Peter H.
Policy environments and social economy
Systems research and participatory research
Zentraler Gegenstand des Projektes ist die Erarbeitung und Untersuchung von Strategieoptionen zur Ausweitung des ökologischen Landbaus in Deutschland. Die Strategieoptionen sollen anhand von zwei konkreten Produktbereichen (Geflügelfleischerzeugung und Kartoffel-Fertigprodukte) erarbeitet werden, um eine möglichst starke spezifische Chancen- und Problemorientierung der entwickelten Strategien und Maßnahmenbündel zu erreichen.Das Projekt soll zu einer Verbesserung der wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen einer strategischen Politikplanung, die die Sichtweisen der beteiligten bzw. betroffenen Akteure einbezieht, beitragen.
2003
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Ausweitung des ökologischen Landbaus (ÖL) in Deutschland – Voraussetzungen, Strategien, Implikationen, politische Optionen. [Extension of organic farming in Germany – preconditions, strategies, implications, political options.] Runs 2000 - 2003. Project Leader(s): Beusmann, Prof. Dr. Volker and Feindt, Dr. Peter H., Universität Hamburg .
oai:orgprints.org:1535
2010-04-12T07:28:20Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D35736F696C:346E75747269656E74
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3263726F70636F6D62
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64
7375626A656374733D35736F696C:31736F696C7175616C
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3474696C6C616765
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:33636F6D706F7374
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/1535/
Ackerbausysteme im ökologischen Landbau
Beckmann, Uta
Kolbe, Hartmut
Model, Annett
Russow, Rolf
Nutrient turnover
Systems research and participatory research
Crop combinations and interactions
Production systems
Soil quality
Soil tillage
Composting and manuring
Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen:
Auf einem Sandboden und einem Lößboden wurden in Sachsen ab dem Jahr 1992 komplexe Dauerversuche durchgeführt. Es wurden Verfahren von viehlosen (System Marktfruchtbau) sowie von viehhaltenden Betrieben (System Futterbau) in der Anbaufolge mit zweijährigem Leguminosengras, Sommerweizen und Mais simuliert. In den Versuchen wurden außerdem eine stark unterschiedliche Düngungshöhe mit verschiedenen organischen Düngemitteln sowie differenzierte anbautechnische und vegetationsbegleitende Maßnahmen berücksichtigt. Die Anbauverfahren wurden sowohl in ihren kurzzeitigen Auswirkungen auf Nährstoffdynamik (Nmin, gasförmige N-Emissionen), Ertrag und Produktqualität der Kulturarten als auch in ihren langfristigen Auswirkungen auf die Nährstoffbilanzen der Fruchtfolgen sowie auf die Bodenfruchtbarkeit geprüft.
Eine Beschreibung der Versuchsbedingungen, der angewandten Methoden sowie der Einzelergebnisse findet sich bei BECKMANN et al. (2001, 2002 - siehe https://orgprints.org/00000802/).
Inhalt:
1 VERGLEICH DER STANDORTE
1.1 ERGEBNISSE
1.2 SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN
2 VERGLEICH DER SYSTEME FUTTERBAU UND MARKTFRUCHT
2.1 ERGEBNISSE
2.2 SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN
3 VERGLEICH DER DÜNGEMITTELARTEN
3.1 ERGEBNISSE
3.2 SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN
4 VERGLEICH DER DÜNGUNGSINTENSITÄTEN
4.1 ERGEBNISSE
4.2 SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN
5 VERGLEICH DER VEGETATIONSBEGLEITENDEN MAßNAHMEN
5.1 ERGEBNISSE
5.2 SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN
6 VERGLEICH DER KULTURARTEN IN DER FRUCHTFOLGE
6.1 ERGEBNISSE
6.2 SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN
7 HANDLUNGS- UND FORSCHUNGSBEDARF
2000
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/1535/1/Link-Volltext.htm
Beckmann, Uta; Kolbe, Hartmut; Model, Annett and Russow, Rolf (2000) Ackerbausysteme im ökologischen Landbau. [Organic arable farming systems.] Sächsische Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaft, Dresden .
oai:orgprints.org:1538
2010-04-12T07:28:20Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:33636F6D706F7374
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D35736F696C:346E75747269656E74
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3263726F70636F6D62
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3474696C6C616765
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/1538/
Ackerbausysteme im ökologischen Landbau unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von N-Bilanz und Effizienzkennzahlen
Beckmann, Uta
Kolbe, Hartmut
Model, Annett
Russow, Rolf
Composting and manuring
Systems research and participatory research
Nutrient turnover
Crop combinations and interactions
Soil tillage
Auf einem Sandboden und einem Lößboden wurden in Sachsen ab dem Jahr 1992 komplexe Dauerversuche durchgeführt. Es wurden Verfahren von viehlosen (System Marktfruchtbau) sowie von viehhaltenden Betrieben (System Futterbau) in der Anbaufolge mit zweijährigem Leguminosengras, Sommerweizen und Mais simuliert. In den Versuchen wurden außerdem eine stark unterschiedliche Düngungshöhe mit verschiedenen organischen Düngemitteln sowie differenzierte anbautechnische und vegetationsbegleitende Maßnahmen berücksichtigt. Die Anbauverfahren wurden sowohl in ihren kurzzeitigen Auswirkungen auf Nährstoffdynamik (Nmin, gasförmige N-Emissionen), Ertrag und Produktqualität der Kulturarten als auch in ihren langfristigen Auswirkungen auf die Nährstoffbilanzen der Fruchtfolgen sowie auf die Boden-fruchtbarkeit geprüft.
In dem vorliegenden 1. Teil der Ergebnisdarstellung standen die Ertrags- und Qualitätsent-wicklung der Kulturarten, die Tiefenverlagerung an N-Komponenten, die Ct- und Nt-Entwicklung im Boden sowie umfangreiche N-Bilanzierungs- und –Effizienzberechnungen (N-Aneignungsvermögen als Ressourcen-Effizienz, Effizienz je Produkt- und Flächeneinheit) im Mittelpunkt dieser konkreten feldwirtschaftlichen Versuchsanstellungen des ökologischen Landbaus.
Die Ergebnisse für das Futterbausystem (Leguminosenaufwüchse und Koppelprodukte wurden vom Feld abgefahren) wiesen am Standort Spröda nach acht Versuchsjahren bei verhältnismä-ßig geringen N-Überschüssen und TM-Zufuhren über die Düngung und die Erntereste einen leichten Anstieg der Kohlenstoff- und Stickstoffgehalte des Bodens auf. Im Marktfruchtsystem (Leguminosenaufwüchse wurden gemulcht, Koppelprodukte verblieben auf dem Acker) wurde dagegen trotz der rel. hohen N-Überschüsse und TM-Zufuhren durch den Verbleib der Kop-pelprodukte auf den Flächen ein Abbau an organischer Substanz festgestellt. Die Erträge lagen im Marktfruchtsystem bei allen Kulturarten unter denen des Futterbausystems. Dagegen wur-den auf den Marktfruchtflächen höhere Rohprotein- und Sedimentationswerte bei Weizen und geringfügig niedrigere Rohprotein- und NEL-Werte bei Mais erzielt.
Es wurden keine Differenzen in der Tiefenverlagerung an Stickstoff zwischen den beiden Anbausystemen analysiert, obwohl deutliche Unterschiede in den berechneten Bilanz- und Effizienzkennzahlen ermittelt werden konnten.
Eine steigende organische Düngung führte innerhalb der Anbausysteme dazu, dass nach Stallmist- bzw. Mulchdüngung ein Anstieg der Ct-Werte des Bodens eintrat, was in erster Linie auf die hohe TM-Zufuhr zurückzuführen war. Nach fortlaufender N-Mineraldüngung (zum Vergleich in kleinem Umfang zusätzlich untersucht), in abgeschwächter Form auch nach Gülledüngung, sind demgegenüber die Ct-Werte des Bodens z.T. deutlich abgefallen. Die Nt-Werte des Bodens sind bei allen Düngemittelarten, am geringsten aber nach Stallmistdüngung, abgesunken.
Auch nach steigender organischer Düngung wurden abnehmende Nt-Gehalte im Boden und demzufolge steigende C/N-Verhältnisse ermittelt. Nach Anwendung einer steigenden Düngung (0 – 2 DE/ha u. Jahr) waren nur rel. geringe Veränderungen in den Ertrags- und Qualitätsleis-tungen von S.-Weizen und Mais eingetreten. Zwischen den Düngemittelarten und der Düngungssteigerung waren kaum Unterschiede in der Verlagerung an Stickstoff zu ermitteln. Lediglich eine mineralische N-Düngung führte im Unterboden zu einer deutlichen Erhöhung der Nmin-Gehalte an beiden Standorten. Nach Stallmistdüngung war ein etwas geringeres N-Aneignungsvermögen als nach Gülle- bzw. nach mineralischer N-Düngung berechnet worden. Nach steigender Düngung nahm das N-Aneignungsvermögen deutlich ab. Das TM-Bildungsvermögen je N-Ertragseinheit war nach steigender Stallmistdüngung im Durchschnitt aller angebauten Kulturarten am höchsten und nach mineralischer N-Düngung am geringsten. Das TM-Bildungsvermögen nahm nach steigender organischer Düngung etwas zu.
Vegetationsbegleitende Maßnahmen wurden in Weizen- und Maiskulturen mit unterschiedlichen Reihenabständen und mit Durchführung einer organischen Spätdüngung angelegt. Die Maßnahme mit großem Reihenabstand und mit Einarbeitung war durch etwas höhere Erträge (Weizen, Mais) und einer höheren N-Abfuhr gekennzeichnet, so dass das N-Aneig-nungsvermögen in dieser Variante etwas höher lag als bei den anderen vegetationsbeleitenden Maßnahmen. Im Vergleich zu einer oberflächlichen Ausbringung führte die Einarbeitung von Flüssigdüngern bei häufiger Anwendung jedoch zu einem Abbau der organischen Substanz und zu N-Verlusten im Boden.
2001
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/1538/1/1538-beckmann-u-et-al-2001-ackerbausysteme-ufz.pdf
Beckmann, Uta; Kolbe, Hartmut; Model, Annett and Russow, Rolf (2001) Ackerbausysteme im ökologischen Landbau unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von N-Bilanz und Effizienzkennzahlen. [Organic arable farming systems with particular consideration of nitrogen balance and parameters of efficiency.] UFZ-Bericht, no. 14. UFZ-Umweltforschungszentrum, Leipzig-Halle .
oai:orgprints.org:2167
2010-04-12T07:28:52Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:34736F6369616C
74797065733D6F74686572
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/2167/
Systemaufstellungen in der Landwirtschaft – Drei Fallbeispiele mit Fokus auf Hof und Familie
Fritzsche, Heike
Systems research and participatory research
Social aspects
Nach einer kleinen Einführung in die Systemaufstellungen durch die Erläuterung der phänomenologischen Haltung und einigen Überlegungen zu Hof und kollektivem Gewissen, folgen drei Beispiele aus den Seminaren des Projektes „Systemaufstellungen als innovatives Beratungsinstrument im ökologischen Landbau – SökoL“. Anhand dieser Beispiele konnten verschiedene Dynamiken, die sich im Bereich der Landwirtschaft, auf den Höfen und in den Familien zeigen, erläutert werden. Es wurde deutlich, dass der landwirtschaftliche Hof im Mittelpunkt oder zumindest an einem zentralen Punkt steht und es einen großen Bedarf für Raum und Lösungen der zwischenmenschliche Schwierigkeiten innerhalb landwirtschaftlicher Familien gibt.
Diese Arbeit konnte nur einen kleinen Einblick in die Systemaufstellungen in der Landwirtschaft geben. Zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt gibt es noch wenig Erfahrung und noch weniger festgehaltene und öffentlich zugängliche. Es wäre sehr wünschenswert, wenn in diesem Bereich weiteres entstehen würde, Erfahrungen zugänglich und weiterer Raum für diese entstehen würde.
2003-07
Other
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/2167/2/fritzsche-2003-systemaufstellungen-landwirtschaft.pdf
Fritzsche, Heike (2003) Systemaufstellungen in der Landwirtschaft – Drei Fallbeispiele mit Fokus auf Hof und Familie. Fachbereich Ökologische Agrarwissenschaften, Universität Kassel , Institut für Soziokulturelle Studien (ISOS). [Unpublished]
oai:orgprints.org:2240
2010-04-12T07:28:55Z
oai:orgprints.org:2293
2010-04-12T07:28:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:3363657265616C73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:37706C616E746272656564
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E:357472616E73666572
7375626A656374733D33616E696D616C:3366656564696E67
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:33636F6D706F7374
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:38706C616E746865616C7468
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3263726F70636F6D62
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3977656564
7375626A656374733D33616E696D616C:31616E696D616C70726F64:316461697279
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:726F6F7463726F7073
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:36636F6D6D756E69636174696F6E
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:3170617374757265
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:35766567657461626C6573
7375626A656374733D33616E696D616C:37616E696D616C6865616C7468
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:326661726D65636F6E
7375626A656374733D656E7669726F6E6D656E74:35656D697373696F6E73
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:327365637572697479
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/2293/
Dokumentation 10 Jahre Leitbetriebe Ökologischer Landbau in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Stumm, C.
Brenner, S. (Red.)
Cereals, pulses and oilseeds
Systems research and participatory research
Breeding, genetics and propagation
Technology transfer
Feeding and growth
Composting and manuring
Crop health, quality, protection
Crop combinations and interactions
Weed management
Dairy cattle
Root crops
Research communication and quality
Pasture and forage crops
Vegetables
Health and welfare
Farm economics
Air and water emissions
Food security, food quality and human health
Education, extension and communication
Inhaltsverzeichnis:
Einleitung
Ulrich Köpke
Projekt „Leitbetriebe Ökologischer Landbau in NRW“: Forschung – Demonstration – Wissenstransfer
Christoph Stumm, Martin Berg, Holger Schenke, Axel Schauder & Ulrich Köpke
Volltext abrufbar unter https://orgprints.org/00002294/
Ökologischer Landbau in Nordrhein-Westfalen: Produktionsstruktur und räumliche Verteilung
Guido Haas, Corinna Zerger, Karl Kempkens & Ulrich Köpke
Volltext abrufbar unter https://orgprints.org/00001844/
Betriebsmanagement im Ökologischen Landbau: Analyse und Planung von Praxisbetrieben
Guido Haas
Volltext abrufbar unter https://orgprints.org/00002296/
Getreidebau
Martin Berg, Holger Schenke, Jons Eisele, Edmund Leisen & Andreas Paffrath
Volltext abrufbar unter https://orgprints.org/00001221/
Stickstoffmanagement im ökologisch wirtschaftenden Betrieb: Minderung von Stickstoffverlusten
Martin Berg, Guido Haas, Edmund Leisen & Holger Schenke
Volltext abrufbar unter https://orgprints.org/00002295/
Kartoffelanbau
Andreas Paffrath, Edmund Leisen, Alfons Peine, Christine Vorländer, Martin Berg & Daniel Neuhoff
Volltext abrufbar unter https://orgprints.org/00002299/
Untersaaten in Kartoffeln: Sonnenblume, Mais oder Gelbsenf
Guido Haas
Volltext abrufbar unter https://orgprints.org/00002322/
Anbau von Feldgemüse
Andreas Paffrath, Edmund Leisen, Markus Puffert & Felix Lipper
Volltext abrufbar unter https://orgprints.org/00002303/
Grünland und Futterbau
Edmund Leisen
Volltext abrufbar unter https://orgprints.org/00002304/
Rotkleegras: Arten- und Sortenwahl der Gräser
Guido Haas
Volltext abrufbar unter https://orgprints.org/00002323/
Milchviehhaltung
Edmund Leisen & Peter Heimberg
Volltext abrufbar unter https://orgprints.org/00002305/
Ausblick
Ulrich Köpke & Karl Kempkens
2003-05
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/2293/2/2293-leitbetriebe-2003-doku-gesamt.pdf
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/2293/3/2293-leitbetriebe-2003-doku-inhalt.pdf
Stumm, C. and Brenner, S. (Red.) (2003) Dokumentation 10 Jahre Leitbetriebe Ökologischer Landbau in Nordrhein-Westfalen. [Documentation: 10 years model farms organic agriculture in North Rhine-Westphalia.] Schriftenreihe des Lehr- und Forschungsschwerpunktes „Umweltverträgliche und Standortgerechte Landwirtschaft“, no. 105. Landwirtschaftliche Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn .
oai:orgprints.org:2294
2010-04-12T07:28:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:36636F6D6D756E69636174696F6E
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E:357472616E73666572
74797065733D7265706F727463686170746572
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/2294/
Projekt „Leitbetriebe Ökologischer Landbau in NRW“: Forschung – Demonstration – Wissenstransfer
Stumm, Christoph
Berg, Martin
Schenke, Holger
Schauder, Axel
Köpke, Ulrich
Systems research and participatory research
Education, extension and communication
Research communication and quality
Technology transfer
Inhaltsverzeichnis:
1 Historie und Projektdurchführung
2 Betriebsauswahl
3 Lage, Standortbedingungen und Betriebsstruktur
4 Forschung und Demonstration
5 Referenzflächen
6 Wissenstransfer
2003-05
Report chapter
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/2294/1/2294-stumm-c-et-al-2003-doku-leitbetriebe.pdf
Stumm, Christoph; Berg, Martin; Schenke, Holger; Schauder, Axel and Köpke, Ulrich (2003) Projekt „Leitbetriebe Ökologischer Landbau in NRW“: Forschung – Demonstration – Wissenstransfer. [Project "model farms organic agriculture in North Rhine-Westphalia": research - demonstration - knowledge transfer.] In: Dokumentation 10 Jahre Leitbetriebe Ökologischer Landbau in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Schriftenreihe des Lehr- und Forschungsschwerpunktes „Umweltverträgliche und Standortgerechte Landwirtschaft“, no. 105. Landwirtschaftliche Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn , pp. 9-23.
oai:orgprints.org:2364
2010-04-12T07:29:00Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:38706F6C696379
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/2364/
Economic simulation of organic farms guided by farmers - A participatory approach to agricultural policy research?
Häring, A. M.
Systems research and participatory research
Policy environments and social economy
The objective of this paper is to introduce, based on own practical experiences, an approach to agricultural policy research that is based on intensive interaction with groups of farmers, and to discuss to which extent participation is realised in this process. This approach consists of panels of farmers, scientists and agricultural advisors. In group meetings development strategies of typical organic farms and the farms reaction to changes in the policy environment are discussed on a regular base. Farmers are consulted on their opinion and define potential farm development strategies in a cooperative manner, whereas the scientist analyses data. The potentials of this cooperative approach of consultation are discussed in the light of research objectives and the benefits and input requirements of participants.
FAO, Rome
2000
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/2364/1/Kein-Dokument.pdf
Häring, A. M. (2000) Economic simulation of organic farms guided by farmers - A participatory approach to agricultural policy research? In: Proceedings of the 2nd SREN Workshop on “Research Methodologies in Organic Farming - On-farm & Participatory Research”, FAO, Rome, REU Technical Series, no. 63.
oai:orgprints.org:2379
2009-08-20T14:22:15Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E:357472616E73666572
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74
7375626A656374733D33616E696D616C
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/2379/
Leitbetriebe Ökologischer Landbau in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Systems research and participatory research
Education, extension and communication
Technology transfer
Crop husbandry
Animal husbandry
Im Kooperationsprojekt "Leitbetriebe Ökologischer Landbau in Nordrhein-Westfalen" sind Praxis, Beratung und Forschung seit 1993 durch die enge Zusammenarbeit von mittlerweile 30 ökologisch wirtschaftenden Betrieben, der Landwirtschaftskammer Nordrhein-Westfalen sowie dem Institut für Organischen Landbau der Universität Bonn miteinander vernetzt. Das Projekt wurde auf Initiative des damaligen Ministeriums für Umwelt, Raumordnung und Landwirtschaft (MURL) ins Leben gerufen und wird durch das Land Nordrhein-Westfalen und die Europäische Gemeinschaft gefördert. Ziel dieses inter- und transdiziplinären Projektes ist die Weiterentwicklung und Förderung des Ökologischen Landbaus in Nordrhein-Westfalen durch beispielhafte Optimierung und Demonstration ökologisch wirtschaftender Leitbetriebe sowie ausgewählter Produktionsverfahren. Die Untersuchungsschwerpunkte werden im ständigen Austausch mit den Leitbetriebsleitern und der Beratung in NRW den aktuellen Bedürfnissen der Praxis angepasst.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Leitbetriebe: Leitbetriebe Ökologischer Landbau in Nordrhein-Westfalen. [Organic Pilot Farms in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany).] Runs 1993 - 2010. Project Leader(s): Köpke, Prof. Dr. Ulrich; Stumm, Christoph; Leisen, Dr. Edmund and Paffrath, Andreas, Institut für Organischen Landbau der Universität Bonn und Landwirtschaftskammer Nordrhein-Westfalen .
oai:orgprints.org:2466
2010-04-12T07:29:05Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/2466/
Participatory Development Research. Enhancing Capacity within Applied Research - Case: Livestock
Halberg, Senior researcher Niels
Schou Larsen, Carl Erik
Systems research and participatory research
The acceptance of the ideals of participatory and cross-disciplinary approaches in agricultural research for development is now widespread in the development sector and with good reason. However, in spite of the importance of these approaches when addressing smallholder livestock farming systems the real success stories are few, probably because of the difficulties in cross-disciplinary research and the lack of a clear understanding of participatory approaches among many researchers. There is a need to share experiences with these approaches among researchers and development officers. This paper uses three examples of Danida funded research for development projects to discuss ideas of participatory action research and cross-disciplinarity against experiences from the field.
Action research is an activity that combines research and development by trying to help local people solving an immediate problematic situation and simultaneously building general knowledge using scientific methods. This gives the researcher a dual role as participant and observer of the system through the phases of the research cycle, e.g. problem identification, planning of interventions, implementation/action and finally observation as a basis for another round starting with a revised problem description. Cross disciplinarity is needed to research the complex interactions between crops, livestock, farm management and off-farm activities in smallholder systems and their link with questions such as marketing, environmental pressure, gender issues and poverty. Cross-disciplinary collaboration between researchers vary in the extent of integration of the different disciplines from Multidisciplinary over Inter- to Trans-disciplinary and it seems important to be aware of the ambitions in a project from the outset. Large resources are needed to carry out truly Trans-disciplinary research because time is needed for researchers to agree on a common methodology, coordinate data recording and interpretation which give both Intra-Project and Extra-project challenges.
The challenges of participation and cross-disciplinarity were addressed differently in the three reviewed projects as demonstrated in the paper. Important experiences for researchers and results for farmers have been gained in all three projects but none of them succeeded in being both Cross-disciplinary and truly participatory at the same time. The projects demonstrate a significant development during their lifetime and a clear commitment by the researchers to serve development purposes involving local stakeholders at different stages in the process. These experiences should therefore encourage a more widespread interaction between development programmes and research in the future. It has proven difficult to establish and maintain cross-disciplinary research projects for a number of reasons, some of which rely on researcher attitudes and traditions and others on funding mechanisms.
Dolberg, Frands
Petersen, Poul Henning
2003
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
source
en
/id/eprint/2466/1/participatory_dev_res_tune.doc
Halberg, Senior researcher Niels and Schou Larsen, Carl Erik (2003) Participatory Development Research. Enhancing Capacity within Applied Research - Case: Livestock. In: Dolberg, Frands and Petersen, Poul Henning (Eds.) http://www.ihh.kvl.dk/htm/php/Tune03/index2.htm.
oai:orgprints.org:2472
2010-04-12T07:29:05Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D316F7267616E696373
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67
7375626A656374733D656E7669726F6E6D656E74:396C616E647363617065
7375626A656374733D656E7669726F6E6D656E74:3762696F646976657273697479
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:34736F6369616C
74797065733D6E65777361727469636C65
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/2472/
Indicators of biodiversity and conservational wildlife quality on Danish organic farms for use in farm management. A multidisciplinary approach to indicator development and testing
Noe, Egon
Halberg, Niels
Reddersen, Jens
"Organics" in general
Systems research and participatory research
Farming Systems
Landscape and recreation
Biodiversity and ecosystem services
Social aspects
European farmers are encouraged to participate in conserving national biodiversity on farms especially remnant old, undisturbed small biotopes, forests and permanent grassland. It is foreseen that this objective cannot rely on regulation solely, and to succeed, farmers need to understand the goals behind it. A set of indicators have been developed and tested on eight organic farms as part of a ‘green-account’ based dialogue to explore whether the farmers were able and willing to include such indicators in their decision making. ‘Weed cover in cereal fields,’ ’was used as an indicator of floral and faunal biodiversity in the cultivated land, and ‘uncultivated biotope area’ on the farm was used as an unspecific measure of wildlife habitats. In uncultivated biotopes, herbal plants divided into functional groups - inspired by Grime’s stress tolerant plants - and low mobility butterflies were used as indicators of conservation value. The functional grouping, discriminating between ‘high conservation value’ plant species on one hand and ‘competitive’ and ‘ruderal’ species on the other, proved to be a useful tool for developing the often used indiscriminate species richness measures into indicators focusing on the few sites left with considerable remnant conservation value. At biotope scale the high conservation value species contributed almost 50% of the average species richness per biotope (9.5 out of 20.3 species), and between-biotope and between-farm variation increased when only conservation value species was considered. The reproducibility of the indicators was fairly good. The reactions of the organic farmers revealed that the ideas and goals of conservation of wildlife quality are not necessarily the same for biologists as for farmers (even organic) and the farmers expressed very different opinions on the idea that conservation of wildlife quality is a question of the absence of modern agricultural impact. However, farmers also stated that the information given by the indicators and especially the dialogue with the advisors had influenced their perception and awareness of wildlife. We conclude that mapping of wildlife quality combined with a dialogue process should be a key component of a farm wildlife management advisory tool at farm level.
Springer
2005
Newspaper or magazine article
NonPeerReviewed
source
en
/id/eprint/2472/1/naturequality_ver21_KCH_m_tabel.doc
Noe, Egon; Halberg, Niels and Reddersen, Jens (2005) Indicators of biodiversity and conservational wildlife quality on Danish organic farms for use in farm management. A multidisciplinary approach to indicator development and testing. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 2005 (18), pp. 383-414.
oai:orgprints.org:2831
2010-04-12T07:29:23Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:36677265656E686F757365
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:35766567657461626C6573
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67
7375626A656374733D316F7267616E696373:6F7267616E6963732D636F756E7472696573
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/2831/
Deltagande Forskning – Lärdomar, resultat och erfarenheter från Växthusgruppens arbete 1999–2000
Eksvärd, K.
Ögren, E.
Homman, K.
Andersson, O.
Berglund, K.
Eriksson, B.
Gäredal, L.
Pellas, G.
Sjöstedt, K.
Sjöstedt, M.
Wålstedt, T.
Nilsson, H.
Engström, U.
Ahde, E.
Ahde, I.
Systems research and participatory research
Greenhouses and coverings
Research methodology and philosophy
Vegetables
Farming Systems
Countries and regions
Education, extension and communication
Centrum för uthålligt lantbruk (CUL) vid SLU har initierat ett pionjärarbete att få igång deltagande forskning inom lantbrukssektorn i Sverige. I denna rapport beskrivs den läro- och förändringsprocess, de framgångar och svårigheter, som en av de grupper som ingår i CUL:s satsning genomgått och mött under sitt arbete med deltagande forskning. De resultat gruppens försök och praktiska arbete lett fram till presenteras också.
Rapporten är skriven av gruppens facilitator (Karin Eksvärd) efter att ha samtalat med gruppmedlemmarna enskilt och tillsammans om deltagarnas åsikter kring gruppens arbete och arbetsformer. Några av gruppdeltagarnas åsikter och uttalanden finns inlagda som citat i rapporten. Deltagarna har även haft möjlighet att kommentera rapporten under dess framtagande. Gruppens arbete har möjliggjorts genom att rådgivarna har arrangerat gruppens möten som kurser inom miljöstödsprogrammet. Det har varit ett givande och lärorikt arbete som fortsätter att öka vårt kunnande om ekologisk tomatodling, oss själva som grupp och sättet att arbeta. Vi hoppas att denna rapport skall inspirera fler lantbrukare, rådgivare och forskare att i högre grad samverka med varandra och att på detta sätt vidareutveckla svenskt lantbruk.
2001-08
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/2831/1/ekolantbruk31.pdf
Eksvärd, K.; Ögren, E.; Homman, K.; Andersson, O.; Berglund, K.; Eriksson, B.; Gäredal, L.; Pellas, G.; Sjöstedt, K.; Sjöstedt, M.; Wålstedt, T.; Nilsson, H.; Engström, U.; Ahde, E. and Ahde, I. (2001) Deltagande Forskning – Lärdomar, resultat och erfarenheter från Växthusgruppens arbete 1999–2000. [Participatory Research - Learning’s, results and experiences from the work in the greenhouse group 1999-2000.] Ekologiskt lantbruk, no. 31. Centre for sustainable agriculture .
oai:orgprints.org:2835
2010-04-12T07:29:23Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3977656564
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:36636F6D6D756E69636174696F6E
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:3363657265616C73
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/2835/
Deltagardriven forskning – Växtodlingsgruppen, resultat och utvärdering av arbetet under 1998 till 2001
Svanäng, K.
Roempke, G.
Eriksson, G.
Johansson, L-B.
Lund, T.
Karlsson, L.
Öhman, T.
Ihrsén, J.
Pettersson, O.
Eriksson, K.
Jacobsson, C.
Systems research and participatory research
Production systems
Weed management
Research communication and quality
Cereals, pulses and oilseeds
Då arbetet i växtodlingsgruppen påbörjades var förväntningarna på deltagardriven forskning att den sammanlagda erfarenheten hos lantbrukare, forskare och rådgivare skulle bidra till utförandet av relevanta gårdsförsök. Lantbrukarna önskade dessutom sträva efter att öka och vidarebefordra den kunskap som fanns i gruppen, samt att få etablerade forskare att undersöka områden som praktikerna upplever som viktiga och svåra.
Redan i initialskedet slog växtodlingsgruppen fast att arbeta för att gemensamt identifiera problem och använda relevanta forskningsmetoder på gårdsnivå. Syftet var att genom olika odlingsåtgärder kunna förbättra förutsättningarna för ekologisk växtodling. Ett mål var att finna effektiva metoder för optimal växtnäringstillförsel i ekologisk produktion på lerjordar i Mälardalen. För närvarande saknas bra underlag för hur kväveleveransen varierar under säsongen framförallt till stråsäd. Detta påverkar i sin tur både skördeutfall, proteinhalt, miljöbelastning och ekonomi. Ett annat mål var att kunna reglera ogräsförekomsten, främst kvickrot och tistel, på ett effektivt sätt i växtföljden.
Motivationen för lantbrukarna har under projektets gång varit att främja det ekologiska lantbruket som helhet. Detta har möjliggjorts genom erfarenhetsutbyte på gruppträffar kombinerat med gårdsbesök där lantbrukarnas intressen och frågeställningar har varit drivande. Växtodlingsgruppen har på så vis initialt bidragit till ett lokalt utvecklingsarbete och en uppbyggnad av ökat kunnande inom ekologiskt växtodling.
2002-11
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/2835/1/ekolantbruk35.pdf
Svanäng, K.; Roempke, G.; Eriksson, G.; Johansson, L-B.; Lund, T.; Karlsson, L.; Öhman, T.; Ihrsén, J.; Pettersson, O.; Eriksson, K. and Jacobsson, C. (2002) Deltagardriven forskning – Växtodlingsgruppen, resultat och utvärdering av arbetet under 1998 till 2001. [Participatory research - the crop production group, results and evaluation of the work during 1998 till 2001.] Ekologiskt lantbruk, no. 35. Centre for Sustainable Agriculture .
oai:orgprints.org:2859
2010-04-12T07:29:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:327365637572697479
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:38706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D3676616C756573
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:3470726F63657373696E67
74797065733D70726F63656564696E6773
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/2859/
Proceedings and conclusions of "Workshop on Assurance of Quality and Safety in Organic Production Chains" in the EU project "Recommendations for improved procedures for securing consumer oriented food safety and quality of certified organic foods from plough to plate" (Organic HACCP)
Systems research and participatory research
Food security, food quality and human health
Policy environments and social economy
Values, standards and certification
Processing, packaging and transportation
The purpose of the workshop was dialogue between representatives for major groups of stakeholders and the participants of the project Organic HACCP, a EU-funded concerted action. The method was to present and discuss the intentions, initial work and plans of the project, and adjust the plans for the subsequent work according to the advice received from the workshop participants.
In the original plans for the Organic HACCP project, it was designed according to the general assumptions and conventions normally used in the area of food safety and quality: The assumption was that “the consumers” have a defined, prioritised list of food properties that they demand, so that consumer oriented improvements would simply be to discover this list and fulfil as many of the items on it as possible. The conventions were to focus on things that can go wrong, which risks can be prevented and problems solved, as if assuming that the people involved didn’t care about this unless they were forced.
Through the work before the workshop with the consumer review, and very strongly confirmed and further developed by the discussions and inputs during the workshop, it is now clear that these concepts must be revised and in which direction we need to refocus the work.
The consumer values to focus on are trust and joy. Here trust can be seen as the impression that the producer and all others involved in the chain are sincerely trying to deliver the best products they can at a fair price. Joy is then the pleasure of eating food that tastes good, is convenient, and doesn’t bother the conscience. For the organic production chain trust can e.g. translate into accountability and openness, with regulations that are seen as transparent, logical and enforced. Joy can translate into provision of products with good taste, high nutritional value, low fat content and other aspects of the consumers’ perception of good food. Trust is also involved in relation to the ability to provide good food. Repeated encounters with sub-standard quality, e.g. not so good taste (relative to the expectations, which depend on the price!), will counteract other measures to enhance trust, since this can be seen as indicating that the food providers either don’t care about the consumer or tries to cheat her/him.
For the actual plans for the work in the project, this has the following consequences:
∑ The questionnaire should include more questions on the extent of trust among actors in the organic food chain.
∑ The recommendations resulting from the project should include specific suggestions for how accountability and transparency can be improved in the organic production chain.
∑ Preferably this should be designed to also support the motivation of those involved for doing a good job (by e.g. reducing what appears to be unnecessary paperwork or inspections). It would be counterproductive to impose additional general burdens on the food providers, this would only increase the incentive for cheating, although specific groups may need to be monitored more closely.
∑ These recommendations should be made in close collaboration and dialogue with other groups involved in setting standards and devising regulations, to sort out as many problems as possible at the early stage. This will maximise the chance that the recommended changes will actually be implemented.
∑ The new understanding of the relationship between consumers and producers, which was clearly defined at the meeting, and the general consensus about its desirability among the stakeholder representatives present, are an important and sufficient reason for going ahead with implementation of the proposed changes.
Brandt, Dr. Kirsten
2004
Proceedings
NonPeerReviewed
source
en
/id/eprint/2859/1/Organic_HACCP_workshop.doc
Brandt, Dr. Kirsten (Ed.) (2004) Proceedings and conclusions of "Workshop on Assurance of Quality and Safety in Organic Production Chains" in the EU project "Recommendations for improved procedures for securing consumer oriented food safety and quality of certified organic foods from plough to plate" (Organic HACCP). . Proceedings of Workshop on Assurance of Quality and Safety in Organic Production Chains, Hotel Bildungszentrum 21, Basel, Switzerland, 13-14th Janurary 2004. [Unpublished]
oai:orgprints.org:3101
2014-06-26T09:26:52Z
oai:orgprints.org:3357
2010-04-12T07:29:46Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D35736F696C:31736F696C7175616C
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:346D6574686F6473:32696E64696361746F7273
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7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:38706C616E746865616C7468
7375626A656374733D316F7267616E696373
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:36636F6D6D756E69636174696F6E
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/3357/
The soil quality concept as a tool for exposing values in science and promoting sustainability considerations
Schjønning, P.
Systems research and participatory research
Soil quality
Production systems
Indicators and other value-laden measures
Social aspects
Crop health, quality, protection
"Organics" in general
Research communication and quality
Education, extension and communication
The term soil quality has mainly been used as a technical concept for grading soils. It is important that the values and goals in soil use planning and soil management are explicitly stated and related to the soil quality indicators. Such a cognitive soil quality concept may facilitate the urgent need of soil scientists to interact with stakeholders in the society. Useful approaches for such exercises have been proposed in the literature. A shift in research paradigm away from the classical, positivistic, ‘value-neutral’ approach is, however, a prerequisite for a fruitful outcome of this endeavour. The reflexive objectivity is a valuable tool in differentiating the basic scientific observations from societal priorities and personal values of the scientist. Other suggestions of associating ‘post-positivistic-science’ societal priorities to observations and experiments (e.g., ‘precautionary’ science) are strongly dissuaded. The suggested increase in focus on sustainability-based decisions on soil management induces a recommended search for ‘management thresholds’ rather than the more descriptive ‘soil quality indicator benchmarks/thresholds’. I strongly recommend the ESSC to increase its activities on prescriptive and management-oriented research and in this endeavour make use of the proposals given above.
Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Geographical Research Institute, 1112 Budapest, Budaörsi út 45, Hungary
Kertész, A.
Kovács, A.
Csuták, M.
Jakab, G.
Madarász, B.
2004
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/3357/1/ESSC_pap_Per-Schjonning.pdf
Schjønning, P. (2004) The soil quality concept as a tool for exposing values in science and promoting sustainability considerations. In: Kertész, A.; Kovács, A.; Csuták, M.; Jakab, G. and Madarász, B. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 4th International Congress of the ESSC, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Geographical Research Institute, 1112 Budapest, Budaörsi út 45, Hungary, pp. 108-112.
oai:orgprints.org:3386
2010-04-12T07:29:47Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:346D6574686F6473:32696E64696361746F7273
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D656E7669726F6E6D656E74:3762696F646976657273697479
74797065733D776F726B7061706572
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/3386/
Æstetisk sansning og naturvidenskabelig naturforståelse - et eksplorativt eksperiment
Højring, K.
Indicators and other value-laden measures
Systems research and participatory research
Biodiversity and ecosystem services
I forbindelse med naturkvalitet defineres målene i vid udstrækning ud fra fagbiologiske betragtninger og kriterier, som ikke nødvendigvis harmonerer med landmandens opfattelse af, hvad god natur er, eller med hans måde at beskrive og forstå sine omgivelser på. Hvis den økologiske landmand i sine beslutninger skal kunne inddrage hensyn til naturkvalitet – i fagbiologisk forstand – er det derfor nødvendigt, at der udvikles et fælles sprog, der kan tjene som redskab i udvekslingen af forståelser.
Forsøgets formål er at undersøge den naturvidenskabelige ekspertises forudsætninger for at deltage i en dialog om naturkvalitet baseret på de umiddelbare sanseindtryk, som naturen og landskabet formidler til iagttageren. Dvs., om den forståelse af naturkvalitet, som genereres gennem videnskabernes omfattende og systematiske indsamling og bearbejdning af data, kan iagttages umiddelbart i naturen og dermed også gøres til genstand for ikke-eksperters erkendelse og italesættelse.
2004
Working paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/3386/1/3386.pdf
Højring, K. (2004) Æstetisk sansning og naturvidenskabelig naturforståelse - et eksplorativt eksperiment. [Aesthetic sensation and nature understandning in the natural sciences - an explorative experiment.] Arbejdsrapport Skov & Landskab, no. nr. 4-2004, publiceret, Urban and Rural Studies, Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape & Planning .
oai:orgprints.org:3927
2010-04-12T07:30:12Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D6A6F75726E616C70
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/3927/
Entrepreneurial Capabilities:combining knowing and action
Rasmussen, L.B.
Nielsen, T.
Systems research and participatory research
The aim of this article is to analyse entrepreneurship from an action research perspective. What is entrepreneurship about? Which are the fundamental capabilities and processes of entrepreneurship? To answer these questions the article includes a case study of a Danish organic dairyman and his network. Finally, the article discusses how more long term action research methods could be integrated into the entrepreneurial processes and the possible impact of such implementation.
Springer
Karamjit, S.G.
2004-04
Journal paper
NonPeerReviewed
rtf
en
/id/eprint/3927/1/3927.rtf
Rasmussen, L.B. and Nielsen, T. (2004) Entrepreneurial Capabilities:combining knowing and action. AI & Society, 18 (2), pp. 100-113.
oai:orgprints.org:3947
2010-04-12T07:30:13Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:33636F6D706F7374
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D35736F696C:346E75747269656E74
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3263726F70636F6D62
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3474696C6C616765
74797065733D6A6F75726E616C70
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/3947/
Ackerbausysteme im ökologischen Landbau unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von N-Bilanz und Effizienzkennzahlen
Beckmann, Uta
Kolbe, Hartmut
Model, Annett
Russow, Rolf
Composting and manuring
Systems research and participatory research
Nutrient turnover
Crop combinations and interactions
Soil tillage
Auf einem Sandboden und einem Lößboden wurden in Sachsen ab dem Jahr 1992 komplexe Dauerversuche durchgeführt. Es wurden Verfahren von viehlosen (System Marktfruchtbau) sowie von viehhaltenden Betrieben (System Futterbau) in der Anbaufolge mit zweijährigem Leguminosengras, Sommerweizen und Mais simuliert. In den Versuchen wurden außerdem eine stark unterschiedliche Düngungshöhe mit verschiedenen organischen Düngemitteln sowie differenzierte anbautechnische und vegetationsbegleitende Maßnahmen berücksichtigt. Die Anbauverfahren wurden sowohl in ihren kurzzeitigen Auswirkungen auf Nährstoffdynamik (Nmin, gasförmige N-Emissionen), Ertrag und Produktqualität der Kulturarten als auch in ihren langfristigen Auswirkungen auf die Nährstoffbilanzen der Fruchtfolgen sowie auf die Boden-fruchtbarkeit geprüft.
In dem vorliegenden 1. Teil der Ergebnisdarstellung standen die Ertrags- und Qualitätsent-wicklung der Kulturarten, die Tiefenverlagerung an N-Komponenten, die Ct- und Nt-Entwicklung im Boden sowie umfangreiche N-Bilanzierungs- und –Effizienzberechnungen (N-Aneignungsvermögen als Ressourcen-Effizienz, Effizienz je Produkt- und Flächeneinheit) im Mittelpunkt dieser konkreten feldwirtschaftlichen Versuchsanstellungen des ökologischen Landbaus.
Die Ergebnisse für das Futterbausystem (Leguminosenaufwüchse und Koppelprodukte wurden vom Feld abgefahren) wiesen am Standort Spröda nach acht Versuchsjahren bei verhältnismä-ßig geringen N-Überschüssen und TM-Zufuhren über die Düngung und die Erntereste einen leichten Anstieg der Kohlenstoff- und Stickstoffgehalte des Bodens auf. Im Marktfruchtsystem (Leguminosenaufwüchse wurden gemulcht, Koppelprodukte verblieben auf dem Acker) wurde dagegen trotz der rel. hohen N-Überschüsse und TM-Zufuhren durch den Verbleib der Kop-pelprodukte auf den Flächen ein Abbau an organischer Substanz festgestellt. Die Erträge lagen im Marktfruchtsystem bei allen Kulturarten unter denen des Futterbausystems. Dagegen wur-den auf den Marktfruchtflächen höhere Rohprotein- und Sedimentationswerte bei Weizen und geringfügig niedrigere Rohprotein- und NEL-Werte bei Mais erzielt.
Es wurden keine Differenzen in der Tiefenverlagerung an Stickstoff zwischen den beiden Anbausystemen analysiert, obwohl deutliche Unterschiede in den berechneten Bilanz- und Effizienzkennzahlen ermittelt werden konnten.
Eine steigende organische Düngung führte innerhalb der Anbausysteme dazu, dass nach Stallmist- bzw. Mulchdüngung ein Anstieg der Ct-Werte des Bodens eintrat, was in erster Linie auf die hohe TM-Zufuhr zurückzuführen war. Nach fortlaufender N-Mineraldüngung (zum Vergleich in kleinem Umfang zusätzlich untersucht), in abgeschwächter Form auch nach Gülledüngung, sind demgegenüber die Ct-Werte des Bodens z.T. deutlich abgefallen. Die Nt-Werte des Bodens sind bei allen Düngemittelarten, am geringsten aber nach Stallmistdüngung, abgesunken.
Auch nach steigender organischer Düngung wurden abnehmende Nt-Gehalte im Boden und demzufolge steigende C/N-Verhältnisse ermittelt. Nach Anwendung einer steigenden Düngung (0 – 2 DE/ha u. Jahr) waren nur rel. geringe Veränderungen in den Ertrags- und Qualitätsleis-tungen von S.-Weizen und Mais eingetreten. Zwischen den Düngemittelarten und der Düngungssteigerung waren kaum Unterschiede in der Verlagerung an Stickstoff zu ermitteln. Lediglich eine mineralische N-Düngung führte im Unterboden zu einer deutlichen Erhöhung der Nmin-Gehalte an beiden Standorten. Nach Stallmistdüngung war ein etwas geringeres N-Aneignungsvermögen als nach Gülle- bzw. nach mineralischer N-Düngung berechnet worden. Nach steigender Düngung nahm das N-Aneignungsvermögen deutlich ab. Das TM-Bildungsvermögen je N-Ertragseinheit war nach steigender Stallmistdüngung im Durchschnitt aller angebauten Kulturarten am höchsten und nach mineralischer N-Düngung am geringsten. Das TM-Bildungsvermögen nahm nach steigender organischer Düngung etwas zu.
Vegetationsbegleitende Maßnahmen wurden in Weizen- und Maiskulturen mit unterschiedlichen Reihenabständen und mit Durchführung einer organischen Spätdüngung angelegt. Die Maßnahme mit großem Reihenabstand und mit Einarbeitung war durch etwas höhere Erträge (Weizen, Mais) und einer höheren N-Abfuhr gekennzeichnet, so dass das N-Aneig-nungsvermögen in dieser Variante etwas höher lag als bei den anderen vegetationsbeleitenden Maßnahmen. Im Vergleich zu einer oberflächlichen Ausbringung führte die Einarbeitung von Flüssigdüngern bei häufiger Anwendung jedoch zu einem Abbau der organischen Substanz und zu N-Verlusten im Boden.
Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle
2001
Journal paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/3947/1/UFZ_GasfEmiss_Abschlb.pdf
Beckmann, Uta; Kolbe, Hartmut; Model, Annett and Russow, Rolf (2001) Ackerbausysteme im ökologischen Landbau unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von N-Bilanz und Effizienzkennzahlen. [Organic arable farming systems with particular consideration of nitrogen balance and parameters of efficiency.] UFZ-Bericht (14), pp. 1-138.
oai:orgprints.org:4103
2010-04-12T07:30:20Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D656E7669726F6E6D656E74:3762696F646976657273697479
74797065733D626F6F6B63686170746572
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/4103/
Ansätze zur Ökobilanzierung der Landbewirtschaftung des Ökologischen Kreislaufs Moorbad Harbach mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der pflanzlichen Produktion
Kratochvil, R.
Systems research and participatory research
Biodiversity and ecosystem services
Mit der Idee des Ökologischen Kreislaufs Moorbad Harbach und der damit einhergehenden regionalen Umstellung der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion auf Ökologischen Landbau wurde schon vor dem jetzigen „Regional-Boom“ Pionierarbeit geleistet. Der Prozeß der „Umstellung“ der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion umfaßt hier die Umstellung landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe auf Ökologischen Landbau einerseits sowie eine Art „regionale Rückbesinnung“, die die Bildung von Einkaufsgemeinschaften und regionalen Verarbeitungsstrukturen zur Folge hat andererseits. Diesem zweidimensionalen Umstellungsbegriff kommt auf dem Weg der Schaffung von „Inseln der Nachhaltigkeit“ - Regionen, deren anthropogene Aktivitäten den Kriterien einer nachhaltigen Wirtschaftsweise entsprechen (STEINMÜLLER 1993, 59ff, NARODOSLAWSKY et al. 1995, 20) - besondere Bedeutung zu. Infolge eines derartigen Umstellungsprozesses sind eine Reihe von Auswirkungen auf ökologische, ökonomische und soziale Aspekte der Um- und Mitwelt zu erwarten, deren Dokumentation, Beschreibung und Quantifizierung insbesondere in Hinblick auf die Außenwirkung eines derartigen Modellversuches interessieren.
NÖ Landesakademie, Krems
Püspök, J.
1999
Book chapter
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/4103/1/4103-kratochvil-r-1999-harbach-kurz.pdf
Kratochvil, R. (1999) Ansätze zur Ökobilanzierung der Landbewirtschaftung des Ökologischen Kreislaufs Moorbad Harbach mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der pflanzlichen Produktion. In: Püspök, J. (Ed.) Zukunft konkret – Ökologischer Kreislauf Modell Harbach.. NÖ Landesakademie, Krems, pp. 56-81.
oai:orgprints.org:4172
2010-04-12T07:30:23Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
74797065733D6A6F75726E616C70
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/4172/
Hand in Hand mit der Praxis
Stumm, Christoph
Kempkens, Karl
Systems research and participatory research
Education, extension and communication
In Nordrhein-Westfalen arbeiten Wissenschaftler der Uni Bonn und Berater der Landwirtschaftskammern gemeinsam mit Landwirten an der Lösung praxisrelevanter Fragen des Öko-Landbaus. Das Projekt „Leitbetriebe Ökologischer Landbau in NRW“ wurde in diesem Jahr zehn Jahre alt.
bioland VERLAGS GMBH, D-Mainz
2003-04
Journal paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/4172/1/Hand_in_Hand_mit_der_Praxis.pdf
Stumm, Christoph and Kempkens, Karl (2003) Hand in Hand mit der Praxis. Bioland-Magazin, 2003 (4), pp. 22-23.
oai:orgprints.org:4186
2010-04-12T07:30:23Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3263726F70636F6D62
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:3363657265616C73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:37706C616E746272656564
74797065733D6E65777361727469636C65
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/4186/
2004 Cereals reveal an intriguing surprise: the performance of cereals on organic farms
Wolfe, Martin
Hinchsliffe, Kay
Systems research and participatory research
Crop combinations and interactions
Cereals, pulses and oilseeds
Breeding, genetics and propagation
The great variability in the performance of cereals on organic farms that we have highlighted from past research trials has been confirmed in a new and more widely based trial. Participation from 20 producers gives the results a robust character and has enabled us to spot something we had not previously noted. EFRC researchers Prof Martin Wolfe AND Kay Hinchsliffe set out the results.
Introduction
EFRC is currently working on a Defra-funded project designed to use participatory research and development methodology, and is conducted on sites across the country with the participation of 20 farmers, seed producers and more than 10 researchers (EFRC, NIAB, Middlesex University, University of Kingston & HDRA). The idea is to integrate the contributions of different stakeholders into developing a robust system for identifying, testing, multiplying and marketing cereal varieties, lines, mixtures, and populations best suited to organic production in different parts of the country .
Three high quality winter wheat varieties, Hereward, Solstice and Xi 19 and their mixture, were selected for the trial based on their performance in previous years’ replicated variety trials. Participating farmers drilled each variety in strips (total area of 1/10 ha) surrounded by their own winter wheat crop. This article summarises data from the first year of field trials (2003-4); since this is the first year they should be treated with caution. The trial is being repeated and has already been planted by essentially the same group of participating farmers.
2005
Newspaper or magazine article
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/4186/1/4186.pdf
Wolfe, Martin and Hinchsliffe, Kay (2005) 2004 Cereals reveal an intriguing surprise: the performance of cereals on organic farms. Elm Farm Research Centre Bulletin, 2005 (76), pp. 5-8.
oai:orgprints.org:4307
2010-04-12T07:30:30Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D3676616C756573
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/4307/
The challenge of ecological justice in a globalising world
Alrøe, Hugo F.
Systems research and participatory research
Values, standards and certification
Ecological justice is a challenging concept in relation to the current development of agriculture, including organic agriculture, because it positions social and ecological interests against market liberalism and economic growth. Ecological justice concerns fairness with respect to common environments, and it is therefore closely connected to the idea of commons. The concepts of commons and ecological justice are particularly relevant to organic agriculture, which builds on close cooperation with ecological systems and cycles, and they may suggest ways to resist the pressures of globalisation and structural and technological developments.
ISOFAR, Bonn, Germany
Köpke, U.
Niggli, U.
Neuhoff, D.
Cornish, P.
Lockeretz, W.
Willer, H.
2005
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/4307/4/4307-Alroe_4p_revised-ed.pdf
Alrøe, Hugo F. (2005) The challenge of ecological justice in a globalising world. In: Köpke, U.; Niggli, U.; Neuhoff, D.; Cornish, P.; Lockeretz, W. and Willer, H. (Eds.) Researching Sustainable Systems 2005. Proceedings of the First Scientific Conference of the International Society of Organic Agricultural Research., ISOFAR, Bonn, Germany, pp. 406-409.
oai:orgprints.org:4559
2010-04-12T07:30:44Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:346D6574686F6473:32696E64696361746F7273
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:346D6574686F6473
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/4559/
Methodical Problems in Organic Farming Research
Schäfer, Winfried
Research methodology and philosophy
Indicators and other value-laden measures
Systems research and participatory research
Specific methods
Workshop presentation with particular focus on values, transferability and praxis relevance of organic farming research. Examples from agricultural engineering lead to the conclusion, that prototype farming, goal oriented project management, participative decision making and funding, coaching of co-operation, and coaching of conflict management may enhance long term, holistic and interdisciplinary research.
2002
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/4559/1/Seminar_12-12-02.pdf
Schäfer, Winfried (2002) Methodical Problems in Organic Farming Research. Speech at: Research Seminar "Approaches of research on organic agri-food systems", Mikkeli, Finland, 12.-13. December 2002.
oai:orgprints.org:5561
2009-08-20T14:27:29Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:346D6574686F6473:32696E64696361746F7273
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:346D6574686F6473:3173757276657973
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:346D6574686F6473
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:36636F6D6D756E69636174696F6E
74797065733D726573656172636870726F6772616D6D65
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/5561/
Ekologisk jordbruks- och trädgårdsproduktion, Formasprogrammet 2001-2004, Kunskapshantering
Systems research and participatory research
Indicators and other value-laden measures
Knowledge management
Research methodology and philosophy
Education, extension and communication
Surveys and statistics
Specific methods
Research communication and quality
Regeringen gav våren 2001 Forskningsrådet för miljö, areella näringar och samhällsbyggande (Formas) 69 miljoner kronor för ett treårigt forskningsprogram om ekologisk jordbruks- och trädgårdsproduktion. Pengarna delades ut till 23 projekt inom insatsområdet ekologisk produktion.
Research Programme description
NonPeerReviewed
{ Programme part} Formas I: Ekologisk jordbruks- och trädgårdsproduktion, Formasprogrammet 2001-2004, Kunskapshantering. [Organic agricultural and horticultural production, Formas programme 2001-2004 - Knowledge management.] Runs 2001 - 2004.
oai:orgprints.org:5883
2009-08-20T14:27:59Z
7375626A656374733D316F7267616E696373
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/5883/
Institutionelle Erfolgsfaktoren einer Ausdehnung des ökologischen Landbaus: Analyse anhand von Regionen mit einem besonders hohen Anteil ökologisch bewirtschafteter Fläche
"Organics" in general
Systems research and participatory research
In diesem Vorhaben sollen Informationen darüber gewonnen werden, inwieweit die Ausdehnung des Ökologischen Landbaus in Regionen mit einem besonders hohen Anteil an ökologisch bewirtschafteter Fläche auf den Einfluss institutioneller Faktoren zurückzuführen ist. Desweiteren wird ermittelt welcher Art diese institutionellen Erfolgsfaktoren sind und ob sie politisch gestärkt werden können. Die Forschungsarbeit umfasst die anfängliche Entwicklung eines Analysekonzepts einschließlich Regionenauswahl, mit dessen Hilfe dann zunächst explorative Voruntersuchungen in vier Regionen durchgeführt werden. Die auf dieser Basis weiter- entwickelte Untersuchungsmethodik dient dann zur Durchführung von intensiven, auf Interviews beruhenden Fallstudien in vier Regionen, auf deren Grundlage die Auswertung der Informationen und die Kommunikation der Ergebnisse erfolgt, u.a. in vier Workshops und zwei Symposien. Die Fallstudien sind akteur- und netzwerkorientiert.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Institutionelle Erfolgsfaktoren einer Ausdehnung des ökologischen Landbaus: Analyse anhand von Regionen mit einem besonders hohen Anteil ökologisch bewirtschafteter Fläche. Runs 2002 - 2004. Project Leader(s): Steller, Oliver, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin .
oai:orgprints.org:6354
2010-09-24T12:08:32Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:3363657265616C73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:326661726D65636F6E
74797065733D6A6F75726E616C70
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/6354/
Comparison of risk in organic, integrated and conventional cropping systems in eastern Norway
G., Lien
O., Flaten
A., Korsaeth
K.D., Schumann
J.W., Richardson
R., Eltun
J.B., Hardaker
Cereals, pulses and oilseeds
Systems research and participatory research
Farm economics
The aim of this study was to compare risk of organic, integrated and conventional cropping systems. Experimental cropping system data (1991-1999) from eastern Norway were combined with farm budget data. Empirical distributions of net farm income for different cropping systems were estimated with a simulation model. The results show that the organic system had the greatest net farm income variability, but both the existing payment system and organic price premiums make it the most economically viable alternative.
Institute of Agricultural Management
2005-12
Journal paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/6354/1/2005_10_10_JFM_Lien_et_al.pdf
G., Lien; O., Flaten; A., Korsaeth; K.D., Schumann; J.W., Richardson; R., Eltun and J.B., Hardaker (2005) Comparison of risk in organic, integrated and conventional cropping systems in eastern Norway. Journal of Farm Management. [In Press]
oai:orgprints.org:6493
2010-04-12T07:32:03Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:37706C616E746272656564
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/6493/
Participatory Plant Breeding Methods for Organic Cereals
Desclaux, D.
Systems research and participatory research
Breeding, genetics and propagation
Formal breeding methods were not always suitable to address the very large diversity of both environmental conditions and end-user needs. Both were frequently encountered either in marginal areas of developing countries or in organic farms of EEC. Participatory plant breeding (PPB) methods represent alternatives aimed to improve local adaptation breeding, to promote genetic diversity, to empower farmers and rural communities. The term PPB refers to a set of breeding methods usually distinguished by the objectives (functional or process approach), institutional context (farmer-led or formal-led), forms of interaction between farmers and breeders (consultative, collaborative or collegial), location of breeding (centralized or decentralized), stage of farmers participation in the breeding scheme (participatory varietal selection or participatory plant breeding)…
Among all these methods, the best strategies for organic breeding and their impacts on breeding techniques are discussed. A PPB program actually conducted at INRA – Montpellier (F), involves the whole organic durum wheat interprofessional organization, from farmers to consumers. It is used to assess the interest of a multidisciplinary approach and to discuss the role of each participant in such program. Must participation be seen as a means towards an end or an end in itself?
Lammerts Van Bueren, E.T.
Ostergard, H.
2005
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/6493/1/driebergen.pdf
Desclaux, D. (2005) Participatory Plant Breeding Methods for Organic Cereals. In: Lammerts Van Bueren, E.T. and Ostergard, H. (Eds.) Proceedings of the COST SUSVAR/ECO-PB Workshop on Organic Plant Breeding Strategies and the Use of Molecular Markers, pp. 17-23.
oai:orgprints.org:6545
2010-04-12T07:32:06Z
7374617475733D696E7072657373
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D33616E696D616C:31616E696D616C70726F64:316461697279
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:326661726D65636F6E
74797065733D6A6F75726E616C70
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/6545/
Stochastic utility-efficient programming of organic dairy farms
O., Flaten
G., Lien
Systems research and participatory research
Dairy cattle
Farm economics
Opportunities to make sequential decisions and adjust activities as a season progresses and more information becomes available characterise the farm management process. In this paper, we present a discrete stochastic two-stage utility efficient programming model of organic dairy farms, which includes risk aversion in the decision maker’s objective function as well as both embedded risk (stochastic programming with recourse) and non-embedded risk (stochastic programming without recourse). Historical farm accountancy data and subjective judgements were combined to assess the nature of the uncertainty that affects the possible consequences of the decisions. The programming model was used within a stochastic dominance framework to examine optimal strategies in organic dairy systems in Norway.
Elsevier B.V.
2005-12
Journal paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/6545/1/UEP_ORGANIC_DAIRY_eprints.pdf
O., Flaten and G., Lien (2005) Stochastic utility-efficient programming of organic dairy farms. European Journal of Operational Research. [In Press]
oai:orgprints.org:6677
2009-08-20T14:29:24Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67
74797065733D666163696C697479
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/6677/
Elm Farm Research Centre: Farm network
Systems research and participatory research
Farming Systems
Network of active organic farmers working with EFRC on cereal production, breeding and other projects
Research facility description
NonPeerReviewed
{Facility} EFRC: Elm Farm Research Centre: Farm network. Facility Leader(s): Pearce, Dr Bruce, Elm Farm Research Centre .
oai:orgprints.org:6707
2010-04-12T07:32:11Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:3363657265616C73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:37706C616E746272656564
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/6707/
Developing a participatory approach to seed production and varietal selection (OF0330)
Pearce, Dr Bruce
Cereals, pulses and oilseeds
Systems research and participatory research
Breeding, genetics and propagation
Overall Aim
To develop a robust system for identifying, testing, multiplying and marketing cereal varieties, lines, mixtures and populations best suited to organic production in different parts of the country.
Objectives
1. Develop a participatory research and development methodology for UK organic farmers using variety trialling and the management of seed-borne disease as examples.
2. Collect information on the range of cereal varieties currently grown by organic farmers to help identify the major priorities and constraints among the varieties available.
3. Establish a pilot programme of cereal variety trials with organic farmers on organic farms using the methodology developed by Objective 1.
4. To obtain information on which seed-borne diseases, including ergot, may cause problems in the organic seed production chain of wheat, barley, oats and triticale, and to examine any relationship between organic husbandry conditions (seed rate, sowing date, rotation etc.) and incidence/severity of disease.
5. Determine whether cultivars with good potential for organic production are resistant to one or more of the seed-borne disease problems.
6. Working with farmers (Objective 1), review and identify a range of organically acceptable seed treatments and processes, considering both chemical and physical methods, and test these under organic conditions to determine efficacy.
7. Formulate a code of best practice for the production of certified organic seed, and for the processing of seed on organic farms.
8. To evaluate the participatory research and development approach throughout the entire research process and produce guidelines and materials for best practice. Data will be collected throughout the duration of the project.
Objective 1. A literature review was undertaken and an agenda for future research set out. Questions to be addressed included: Have we identified the research that farmers and other stakeholders want? What roles do farmers and other stakeholders play? How do we carry out the testing, adaptation and development of options? How can the effective forms of participatory research (if there are any) be ‘mainstreamed’ into other agricultural research?
Existing systems of farmer involvement in research were also examined through interviews with farmers, agri-businesses and scientists. It was found that almost all farmers were carrying out some kind of research on their farm. This may be using scientific methods or using a more holistic approach with multiple criteria. Farmers may set hypotheses explicitly before starting the experiment or they may use gut feelings and be experimenting without acknowledging it. They also often changed treatments during the experiment. It was concluded that the best results are more likely to come when topics are addressed by combining farmers’ own research with research on farms controlled and managed by scientists.
From discussions with various farmer groups and the previous experience of Elm Farm Organic Research Centre researchers, it was decided that: the project should focus on winter wheat; and the basic experimental protocol must be simple, be able to be undertaken by the farmer with their own machinery and within the farmers’ time constraints. A protocol was established and reviewed each year at annual post harvest review meetings.
Objective 2. Planting data was collected from the members of the Organic Arable Marketing Group in the first year of the project. Hereward and Claire were the most popular winter wheat varieties grown, and this was confirmed by a survey of the farmers involved in this project. A major concern of farmers was achieving milling quality specifications (especially protein concentration).
Objective 3. Plots of three bread making winter wheat varieties (Hereward, Solstice and Xi19) and a mixture (1:1:1) of the varieties were grown at up to 19 UK farms in two seasons (2003/04 and 2004/05). Measurements were taken of growth habit, yield and grain quality. Grain yields in both seasons showed significant site by variety interactions, although the variation among sites was greater than among varieties in both instances. Wheat grown at Western sites was significantly shorter and higher-yielding than that grown at Eastern sites in 2003/04 but significantly taller in 2004/05. As with grain yield, greater variation among sites than varieties was found in the Hagberg Falling Number and protein concentration results in both seasons. The results from the two years of trials illustrate the variability of organic systems and the difficulty in selecting a single wheat variety suitable for organic farms.
Garlic oil was used as a seed treatment for Hereward on two of the sites in the second year of trials. However, the treatment had no effect on establishment of the variety, and yields were variable.
Benchmarking data was collected from 24 farms. Exsept appeared to be the highest yielding variety and yields varied with soil type (silts>clays>sands). More data would be needed to give an accurate picture of organic yields across the country.
Objective 4. A total of 676 samples were tested between 2002 and 2005. Treatment thresholds for wheat seed have recently been extensively investigated and revised, producing a safe level below which untreated seed could be sown. Results showed that most samples had higher health status than the conventional treatment thresholds. However, there were occasional problems, most notably in the case of bunt on wheat, where very high levels of infection were seen, and the seed would have been unsuitable for further multiplication as seed, or for ware production. It was not possible to relate these occurrences consistently with any particular farm practice, with the possible exception of one site where minimum tillage was used, and the crop was always a second wheat. Ergot (Claviceps purpurea) was present at high levels (e.g. over 50 pieces per kg of seed) in several samples, but ergot infestation has also been increasing in frequency and severity in conventional production recently. Microdochium nivale sometimes reached high levels on wheat seed in seasons favourable to the disease, but similar levels were also seen in conventional samples received for testing at NIAB.
Objective 5. Tests on appropriate varieties were carried out in 2 years. Of the wheat varieties: Hereward and Solstice appeared to show ‘resistance’ to bunt although the nature of the resistance is not known; Exsept, was consistently more resistant to Microdochium in the ear than other varieties; and Claire, Deben and Nijinsky appeared to be more resistant to loose smut than other varieties. There has been little effort to breed for seed borne disease resistance but these results indicate that it should be possible to introduce resistance, especially for diseases like loose smut.
Objective 6. Seed treatment trials were carried out in 2004 and 2005 and comprised examples of biological, micronutrient and physical treatments. None of the treatments used in 2004 significantly improved establishment when wheat seed had a high level (30%) of Microdochium nivale seedling blight, and none significantly increased final yield. In 2005, one of the biological treatments tested (from Crompton Ltd) did significantly improve plant establishment, though effects on yield were non-significant. Both biological products (Cerall and the Crompton product) suppressed bunt in 2005, as did Radiate (ammonium and zinc ammonium complex), though the latter had no significant effect in 2004. The hot air treatment also reduced bunt in 2005, though the effect was less marked in 2004.
Seed cleaning was also investigated as a means of improving establishment in Microdochium infected wheat. Though establishment counts and early spring counts were improved slightly in the cleaned seed compared to uncleaned, effects were not significant, and final yields were not improved. Incidence of disease in the cleaned versus uncleaned seed (% infection on agar plates) was similar, indicating that the process, although removing light and shrivelled seed, did not selectively remove infected seed.
Objective 7. The code of best practice for seed production concentrated on bunt since this was the most prevalent problem found in this project. Guidelines included: always test untreated ‘mother’ seed; seed destined for further multiplication should have as close to 0 bunt spores/seed as possible; seed for crop production should have no more than 1 bunt spore/seed; grow farm-saved seed as first wheat; and sow wheat early to minimize any chances of infection.
Objective 8. The participatory process was assessed three times using interviews with farmers and researchers involved in the project. It was evident that farmer participatory research was more complicated, time-consuming and expensive than expected. Key issues identified included:
• Acknowledging and addressing the training needs of farmers and researchers at the outset of a project
• Building a team of people (farmers and researchers) who understand each others’ background, and are able to work together towards an agreed set of goals.
• Appreciating the commitment farmers must make on top of their existing workloads to engage in this sort of activity, and doing what is possible to facilitate this.
• Identifying appropriate people to act as boundary spanners and draw all stakeholders together in dialogue.
• Within this framework, identifying research goals that can be realistically met by all concerned.
• A short leaflet and a longer document were produced for farmers/researchers setting out what’s involved in participatory research and the pros and cons of participating.
Conclusions. The experimental aspect of this project has highlighted the large variation among organic systems and the problems in recommending a single variety to organic farmers. However, the work has shown that there are few problems in the health of the seed used in organic systems. This is particularly important since none of the potential organic seed treatments tested had a positive effect on yield. The main aspect of this work has been a learning experience in aspects of farmer participatory research in a UK context. Differing views have meant that natural and social scientists have written different parts of the discussion. Researchers have experienced difficulties in engaging farmers and managing their expectations, the challenges of working in multidisciplinary teams spread over different institutions and the extra time needed to build and maintain relationships. Farmer participatory research does have an important role to play in producing both relevant and rigorous results for farmers and funders. It has to be managed appropriately, and has to be recognised that processes are very different to a typical research project.
2006-07
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/6707/1/Research%20Project-%20Participatory%20Cereals%20pdf.pdf
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/6707/2/developing_a_participatory_approach_to_seed_production_and_varietal_selection_of0330.pdf
Pearce, Dr Bruce (2006) Developing a participatory approach to seed production and varietal selection (OF0330). Elm Farm Research Centre .
oai:orgprints.org:6736
2010-06-01T10:35:02Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:36636F6D6D756E69636174696F6E
74797065733D746865736973
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/6736/
Research Design and Communication in Production System Experiments - A Multiple-Case Study in the Nordic Countries
Adler, Steffen A.
Systems research and participatory research
Research communication and quality
Since the 1980s, production system experiments are a commonly used research strategy in ecological farming in the Nordic countries. This type of experiments fit in under the holistic oriented framework of farming systems research, which was developed in the 1970s as a reaction to the negative impacts of the Green Revolution in developing countries. The approach is to investigate farming systems as a whole and integrate researchers, extensionists and farmers actively in the research design.
In the Nordic countries, 48 production system experiments are identified in a survey. By using the criteria of 1) research orientation, 2) experimental area, 3) duration and 4) other criteria, the design of the production system experiments could be characterised as more reductionistic or more holistic.
A qualitative multiple-case study of production system experiments at the research station Apelsvoll (Norway), and the research farms Logården, Öjebyn and Tingvall (all Sweden) was accomplished to relate communication between researcher, extensionist, farmer and consumer back to research design. Both formal and informal communication forms indicate differences in the communication networks of the cases. Apelsvoll has a more reductionistic research design and a hierarchic one-way communication. Tingvall has a holistic full-scale design that includes other actors and a more developed communication network, which is less hierarchic and two-way. Logården and Öjebyn have features of both reductionistic and holistic research design. Also social aspects play an important role for the development of communication channels.
In the multiple-case study a relation was found between reductionistic research design and a less developed communication network on one hand, and holistic research design and well-developed communication. However, the integrative approach of the Logården project and the Tingvall project is not embedded in the research methodology. New knowledge is needed about ecological farming at a farming systems level, which includes also social aspects. This is necessary to meet rapid changes in social and economical structures on farms and in society in general.
Insights gained in this study may help to improve the existing research design of ongoing production system experiments and to develop new research strategies under the framework of farming systems research in the Nordic countries. This work may also contribute to more focus on interdisciplinary approaches and closer interaction between existing production system experiments.
2003-05
Thesis
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/6736/1/Adler_2003_M_Sc_thesis.pdf
Adler, Steffen A. (2003) Research Design and Communication in Production System Experiments - A Multiple-Case Study in the Nordic Countries. Thesis, Agricultural University of Norway , Department of Horticulture and Crop Sciences. . [Unpublished]
oai:orgprints.org:6737
2010-04-12T07:32:12Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
74797065733D6A6F75726E616C70
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/6737/
Produksjonssystemforsøk: Hvordan kommuniserer forsker, rådgiver og bonde?
Adler, Steffen A.
Systems research and participatory research
Education, extension and communication
En lang rekke langvarige forsøk på produksjonssystemer har blitt gjennomført i de nordiske land. Hovedparten av disse ble startet etter 1980 og forsøkene varierer sterkt i målsetning, utforming og varighet. Men hva kommer ut av disse forsøkene? Har man fått en bedre forståelse av økologiske landbruks- systemer? Har ny kunnskap nådd ut til bonden og forbruke- ren? Og hvordan skjer dette? Til tross for stor interesse for produksjonssystemforsøk finnes det så langt ingen undersøkelse i Norden som systematiserer forsknings- designet og utforsker de kvalitative aspektene av kommunikasjonen mellom forsker, rådgiver og bonde. Kanskje denne hovedoppgaven i agro- økologi kan være til inspirasjon for en ny vurdering av systemforsøk.
Sveriges landbruksuniversitet (SLU)
Geber, Ulrika
2004-03
Journal paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/6737/1/fnytt1046-9.pdf
Adler, Steffen A. (2004) Produksjonssystemforsøk: Hvordan kommuniserer forsker, rådgiver og bonde? [Production System Experiments: How do researchers, extensionists and farmers communicate?] Forskningsnytt om økologisk landbruk i Norden, 2004 (1), pp. 6-9.
oai:orgprints.org:6754
2009-08-20T14:29:33Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3977656564
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E:357472616E73666572
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/6754/
Participatory investigation of the management of weeds in organic production systems (CTE0201)
Systems research and participatory research
Weed management
Technology transfer
Description
The future uptake and success of organic systems will rely on being able to adapt and overcome production constraints that hamper the sector in an ever-demanding market. In terms of technical constraints to production, weeds have always featured as one of the primary issues concerning both farmers considering conversion and those already converted. Furthermore weed control has been highlighted as a research and development priority by the UKROFS board (1998) and by the Consultation of Organic Farming Research Priorities (2001). There remain a range of weed management challenges that need to be explored and resolved. For example control of ‘difficult’ weeds such as annual grasses and perennial weeds, and the integration of weed control measures into comprehensive management strategies for a range of crops. Constraints, potential solutions and priorities need discussing with all relevant stakeholders to advance organic production. Addressing these issues is critical to maintain the viability of the organic farming system in the current agricultural climate. The proposed review and decision making process will form the main objectives within this project;
1. What scientific literature is available relating to organic weed control?
2. What is the current level of weed infestation on farms and how are they being managed at present?
3. Which systems are being most constrained by weed competition and what are the main research priorities?
A participatory research and development (PRD) approach is ideally suited to take full account of farmer and stakeholder opinions focussing on the most important problems and addressing these in the context of the farmers’ own system. Farmer ideas and practical knowledge will be used in conjunction with sound science to expand and develop current and new management practices. Stakeholders would be invited to prioritise constraints and to formulate potential solutions as well as research plans to overcome them. Experiments to investigate proposed solutions would be carried out on-farm or on-station, as appropriate.
The project would pay particular attention to communicating results between all stakeholders in the organic community. Methods of dissemination would include technical leaflets, open days, workshops, popular press articles and where appropriate refereed journals.
The development of organic farming systems coincides with DEFRA’s policy objectives of encouraging sustainable, competitive and safe food production whilst enhancing biodiversity.
Objective
The project will take a participatory approach to problem solving in order to:
1. Review the scientific literature and other sources of information and gather knowledge relating to weed control from organic farmers.
2. Identify and prioritise main production constraints due to weeds
3. Facilitate interest groups of stakeholders.
4. Develop action plans to be trialed on-farm or on-station.
5. Disseminate the results throughout the organic community through open days, workshops, popular press articles, a technical booklet, the web and where appropriate refereed journals.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Participatory investigation of the management of weeds in organic production systems (CTE0201). Runs 2002 - 2006. Project Leader(s): Turner, Dr Becky, Henry Doubleday Research Association .
oai:orgprints.org:6781
2013-02-13T09:39:55Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:35766567657461626C6573
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/6781/
Sustainable organic vegetable systems network
Systems research and participatory research
Education, extension and communication
Vegetables
Aims:
To identify the agronomic, economic and management factors that contribute to sustainable vegetable production systems
Background:
This project was conceived in response for the need to increase self sufficiency in the UK organic vegetable market. At present 43 % of organic vegetables are imported and there is the scope to increase the UK supply to the levels found in the conventional sector which in 2000 was 71% for vegetables. To achieve this growers need increasing levels of technical knowledge and information to be able to improve efficiency of production and quality and consistency of produce. A wide range of variation in performance between farms have been identified in other projects and the reasons behind this need to be explored more fully. The project will work closely with a group of vegetable growers and seeks to advance knowledge on production systems.
Approaches:
The project adopts a participatory approach where the growers are involved in the process of identifying the areas of focus for research. The key factors which contribute towards sustainable organic vegetable systems are identified by monitoring eleven organic vegetable growers for three growing seasons. Monitoring takes place by collecting farm records, interviews and crop walks to provide a snapshot of the growing season.
Monitoring innovation is an integral part of the project. Areas of innovation are identified through interview and farmers’ meetings to determine practices to trial on-farm, processes to monitor and areas where information can be provided through fact sheets and focus groups.
Dissemination:
Dissemination is carried out by HDRA using a range of approaches: results are incorporated into the organic farm management handbook which is used by OAS advisors and growers. Information is disseminated at open days held in conjunction with the Soil Association, publications in farm journals and an interactive website that is updated regularly.
Collaborators:
The work is carried out as a collaborative project between HDRA, HRI Warwick, OAS at EFRC. HDRA is leading the project and the other institutes are involved as subcontractors or on a consultancy basis. OAS provides ongoing advice on current ‘best practice’ on a consultancy basis through two half day visits to each farm per year for the duration of the project.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Sustainable organic vegetable systems network. Runs 2003 - 2006. Project Leader(s): Unspecified, Henry Doubleday Research Association .
oai:orgprints.org:7061
2010-10-21T10:48:37Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:3363657265616C73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:326661726D65636F6E
74797065733D6A6F75726E616C70
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7061/
Comparison of risk in organic, integrated and conventional cropping systems in eastern Norway
Lien, Gudbrand
Flaten, Ola
Korsaeth, Audun
Schumann, Keith D
Richardson, James D
Eltun, Ragnar
Hardaker, J B
Cereals, pulses and oilseeds
Systems research and participatory research
Farm economics
The aim of this study was to compare risk of organic, integrated and conventional cropping systems. Experimental cropping system data (1991-1999) from eastern Norway were combined with farm budget data. Empirical distributions of net farm income for different cropping systems were estimated with a simulation model. The results show that the organic system had the greatest net farm income variability, but both the existing payment system and organic price premiums make it the most economically viable alternative.
Institute of Agricultural Management
2006
Journal paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/7061/2/Farm_Management_2006_Lien_et_al.pdf
Lien, Gudbrand; Flaten, Ola; Korsaeth, Audun; Schumann, Keith D; Richardson, James D; Eltun, Ragnar and Hardaker, J B (2006) Comparison of risk in organic, integrated and conventional cropping systems in eastern Norway. Journal of Farm Management, 12 (7), pp. 385-401.
oai:orgprints.org:7063
2010-10-21T11:58:23Z
oai:orgprints.org:7074
2010-04-12T07:32:25Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:38706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D316F7267616E696373:6F7267616E6963732D636F756E7472696573:636F756E74726965732D61757374726961
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:34736F6369616C
74797065733D746865736973
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7074/
Bauer,Power, Bioregion: Das Potenzial des Biologischen Landbaues für die ländliche Regionalentwicklung in Österreich
Schermer, Dr Markus
Policy environments and social economy
Austria
Systems research and participatory research
Social aspects
Die Dissertation gliedert sich in drei Teile:
- Der erste Teil beschäftigt sich mit dem theoretischen und methodischen Zugang zum Thema und seinem inhaltlichen Hintergrund. Die theoretischen Zugänge beinhalten sowohl die Theorie der Neoendogenen Entwicklung wie auch die Sozialkapitaltheorie und die Actor-Network Theorie. Methodisch wurde die Fallstudie mit den Instrumenten: Interview, Inhaltsanalyse schriftlicher Dokumente und teilnehmende Beobachtung gewählt.
- Der zweite Teil widmet sich der Darstellung und Analyse der empirischen Erhebungen. Dabei erfolgte die Annäherung an die Fragestellung in drei Schritten:
• Zunächst wurde versucht, die unterschiedlichen Ausprägungen und Verwendungen des Begriffes „Bioregion“ an Hand eines gesamtösterreichischen Surveys darzustellen und in einer Typologie zu klassifizieren.
• Über vergleichende Fallstudien in drei verschiedenen Regionen wurden die Bedingungen zum Entstehen der Idee einer Bioregion und ihrer Ausbreitung beleuchtet.
• Schließlich wurden der dabei tatsächlich ablaufende Prozess und seine Rückwirkung auf die beteiligten Bauern in zwei konkreten Bioregionsprojekten analysiert.
- Der dritte Teil der Arbeit zieht die Schlussfolgerungen daraus. Neben den Antworten auf die gestellten Forschungsfragen sowie daraus abgeleitete Konsequenzen, standen dabei die Aspekte der Theoriebildung und handlungsorientierte Empfehlungen auf verschiedenen Ebenen im Mittelpunkt.
Die Analyse zeigt, dass die Entstehung von Bioregionen wohl meist von ökonomischen Interessenslagen ausgeht, aber der Prozess nicht rein von ökonomischen Bedingungen determiniert ist. Wesentliche Determinanten liegen in den sozialen Werthaltungen, Prozessen und Strukturen. Dabei treffen die Werthaltungen des Biologischen Landbaues mit jenen der konventionellen Landwirtschaft zusammen. Die Biobewegung läuft dabei Gefahr, sich entweder den globalen Entwicklungen zu widersetzen und marginalisiert zu werden oder sich diesen Strömungen zu öffnen und instrumentalisiert zu werden. War ursprünglich die zentrale Frage der Untersuchung darauf ausgerichtet, ob das Konzept der Bioregion dem einzelnen Bauern ermöglicht sich wieder aktiver in die Entwicklung seiner Region einzubringen, so hat sich im Laufe der Arbeit gezeigt, dass es viel mehr um die Stellung der Biobewegung insgesamt geht. Die Entwicklung der Biobewegung zwischen Marginalisierung und Instrumentalisierung ähnelt der Irrfahrt des Odysseus zwischen dem Meerungeheuer Scylla und dem Strudel der Charybdis. Das Konzept der Bioregion hat ein wesentliches Potenzial eine Navigationshilfe zu geben, um zwischen den beiden Gefahren durchzusteuern.
Gerade das Konzept der Bioregion, das auch nichtlandwirtschaftliche Interessen einzuschließen vermag, kann damit beitragen, dass die Landwirtschaft aus der Isolationsgefahr der „Subkultur“ herausfindet und eine engere Verbindung mit den Wertsystemen der Gesellschaft in der Region herstellt. Es können auch neue Allianzen mit nichtlandwirtschaftlichen Interessensgruppen gefunden werden. Damit besteht die Möglichkeit Verbündete gegen die Instrumentalisierung durch Institutionen und Marktstrukturen zu finden. Wenn es also der Biobewegung gelingt, ihre Werthaltungen aktiv über Bioregionen zu transportieren, dann kann sie innovativ für die gesamtgesellschaftliche Entwicklung sein und ihre Werthaltungen auf die gesamte regionale Landwirtschaft, ja darüber hinaus auf die regionale Kultur übertragen.
Die daraus abgeleitete zentrale These lautet:
Bioregionen haben ein Potenzial die zentralen Werte des Biologischen Landbaues, zu erhalten und auf einer territorialen Ebene umzusetzen, um sie für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung der gesamten Gesellschaft zu nützen.
2003-11
Thesis
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/7074/1/Bauer-Power-Bioregion_end.pdf
Schermer, Dr Markus (2003) Bauer,Power, Bioregion: Das Potenzial des Biologischen Landbaues für die ländliche Regionalentwicklung in Österreich. [Farmer, Power, Ecoregion: the potential of organic farming for rural development in Austria.] Thesis, Institute of Sociology, University of Innsbruck , Institute of Sociology,. . [Unpublished]
oai:orgprints.org:7134
2009-08-20T14:30:09Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7134/
Gemensamt lärande inom lokala distributionsnät, en drivkraft för ökad hållbarhet i lantbruket?
Systems research and participatory research
En viktig förutsättning för utvecklingen av en socialt, ekonomiskt och ekologiskt mer hållbar livsmedelsproduktion är ökad samverkan mellan aktörerna (producenter, mellanled och konsumenter) som har olika perspektiv och intressen inom livsmedelssektorn. Samverkan över aktörsgränserna kan ses som en ömsesidig kunskapsutveckling där aktörerna tillsammans lär sig behärska livsmedelssystemet som helhet. För den enskilde lantbrukaren kan det ge möjlighet till ökad lönsamhet och minskad ekonomisk sårbarhet. En mer mångfunktionell driftform kan även ha en positiv effekt på lantbrukets sociala uthållighetsbrister. Ökad kunskap om förutsättningarna för livsmedelsproduktionen, spårbarhet och möjlighet att påverka produktionen är även ett sätt att svara upp mot ökade krav på livsmedelssäkerhet bland konsumenter.
Småskaliga livsmedelssystem, där producenter, konsumenter och andra aktörer kan mötas och samtala är speciellt viktiga för det ekologiska lantbruket. Här kan lantbrukarna kommunicera de delvis omätbara mervärden som skapas i denna typ av produktion vilket ökar möjligheterna att få ut ett högre pris för produkterna. Konsumenter och eventuella ”mellanled” kan rikta frågor, klagomål och önskemål direkt till producenterna. Dessa möten kan ses som ett ömsesidigt lärande mellan berörda aktörer. Hypotesen i forskningsprojektet är att mötena ger de medverkande kunskap om under vilka villkor och förutsättningar andra verksamheter som bygger upp systemet bedrivs. Detta kan leda till att berörda aktörer anpassar sina handlingar till den ökade förståelsen för systemet och dess enskilda delar. Med utgångspunkt i fyra lokala distributionssystem för ekologiska livsmedel (med 0-2 mellanled) ska forskningsprojektet: 1) klarlägga mötenas betydelse för kunskapsutbytet och lärandet mellan aktörer; 2) generera kunskap om hur lärandet påverkar de medverkande aktörerna i deras verksamhet; 3) värdera om sådana förändringar påverkar lantbrukets sociala, ekonomiska och ekologiska bärkraft. Forskningsprojektet är tvärvetenskapligt med både samhällsvetenskapliga och naturvetenskapliga angreppssätt, och ska pågå i tre år. De forskningsmetoder som används är både kvalitativa (djupintervjuer och deltagande observationer ligger till grund för analysen av lärandet) och kvantitativa (beräkningar av diversitet och landskapsheterogenitet samt material- och växtnäringsbalanser på de utvalda gårdarna. Utifrån resultatet av projektet finns förutsättningar att i nästa steg undersöka möjligheten att skala upp systemen med bibehållna kvalitetsaspekter av lärandet.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Gemensamt lärande inom lokala distributionsnät, en drivkraft för ökad hållbarhet i lantbruket? [Learning in Local distribution systems, a driving force for sustainable development in agriculture?] Runs 2004 - 2007. Project Leader(s): Geber, Ulrika, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU .
oai:orgprints.org:7161
2009-08-20T14:30:11Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:376275696C64696E6773
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7161/
Grön traktor, långsiktiga lösningar för det ekologiska lantbrukets självförsörjning med biobaserade drivmedel
Systems research and participatory research
Farming Systems
Buildings and machinery
Beräkningar visar att det ekologiska jordbruket i Sverige årligen förbrukar minst 36 000 kubikmater dieselolja vilket knappast kan bedömas som långsiktigt hållbart. I ett kort tidsperspektiv har tre drivmedel (etanol, RME och biogas) under vissa förhållanden potential att göra ett ekologiskt lantbruk självförsörjande på biobaserade drivmedel. På längre sikt (5-20 år) kommer dock ett antal nya tekniker att bli tillgängliga, vilka i systemstudier visat sig ha större möjligheter. En typ av nya bränslen (främst vätgas och metanol) baseras på fordon med bränsleceller. Andra kedjor baseras på vanliga förbränningsmotorer, men drivmedel producerad från biomassa med ny teknik, exempelvis metanol, DME och FT-diesel. Projektet ska studera de nya teknikerna och deras egenskaper vid tillämpning i ett ekologiskt lantbruk när det gäller teknik, ekonomi och miljöeffekter.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Grön traktor, långsiktiga lösningar för det ekologiska lantbrukets självförsörjning med biobaserade drivmedel. [Green tractor, bio-based fuels for use in organic farming in long term perspective.] Runs 2004 - 2006. Project Leader(s): Hansson, Per-Anders, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU .
oai:orgprints.org:7190
2010-04-12T07:32:29Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:3363657265616C73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:326661726D65636F6E
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7190/
Risk and economic sustainability of crop farming systems
Lien, Dr. Gudbrand
Hardaker, Prof. J. Brian
Flaten, Dr. Ola
Cereals, pulses and oilseeds
Systems research and participatory research
Farm economics
Environmental, social and economic attributes are important for the sustainability of a farming system. Comparing farming systems by considering only expected profitability ignores differences in both sustainability and in the riskiness of system returns. Further, in choosing between farming systems, the ability to survive various risks and shocks and con-tinue in the future is important, i.e., system resilience and persistence are important aspects of sustainabil-ity. Yet resilience and persistence have seldom been directly considered in evaluations of economic sus-tainability. A whole-farm stochastic simulation model over a six-year planning horizon was used to compare organic and conventional cropping systems for a representative farm situation in Eastern Norway. The relative sustainability of alternative systems under changing assumptions about future technology and price regimes was examined in terms of terminal financial position. The risk efficiency of the same alternatives was also compared. The results illustrate possible conflicts between pursuit of risk efficiency versus sustainability. The model used could be useful in supporting farmers’ choice between farming sys-tems as well for policy makers to develop more sharply targeted policies.
2006
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/7190/1/Lien%2C_Hardaker_and_Flaten_final.pdf
Lien, Dr. Gudbrand; Hardaker, Prof. J. Brian and Flaten, Dr. Ola (2006) Risk and economic sustainability of crop farming systems. Paper at: Joint Organic Congress, Odense, Denmark, May 30-31, 2006.
oai:orgprints.org:7335
2010-04-12T07:32:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7335/
Intervention in a third party smallholder group organic certification
Borges de Brito, Paulo Roberto
Chagas de Carvalho, Yara Maria
Benedito Macedo, Arlei
Systems research and participatory research
The present paper approaches the perspectives of certification for the organic family farmer agriculture, through alternative certification processes, the participatory certification, and the third party smallholder group certification. The main goal of this paper is to contribute to a better understanding about the potential of the alternative organic certification processes. To assess so far as the certification can be associated to a pedagogical process for the Paulista family farmers in which the possibility of strengthening the social control can lead to a bureaucratic process reduction in the Internal Control System – ICS. The specific goal is to verify if the APROVE’s small holder group certification proposed by the certifier AAOcert based on the IFOAM Basic Standards opens possibilities of building more participatory processes for the producers. The paper is led by the following question: is it possible to a certification system recognized internationally, as the third party small holder group certification, to build a more effective participation from the producer, without losing the quality demanded by its processes? The central hypothesis is that the group certification is the best immediate strategy for the organic family farmers from São Paulo State, since the IFOAM basic standards opens perspectives for more participatory processes and with social control and at the same time the best fit to the pedagogical process feature to be introduced with the producers with third party certification today. The research was achieved in three moments, however, the last one with an intervention with the introduction of an IFOAM basic standard to test the hypothesis. The results of the research proved that the IFOAM basic standards introduction allowed more participatory and social control processes and at the same time pedagogically suitable to the group. So, it is advisable for the public policy makers who work in the family farmer agriculture inclusion in the organic agriculture take into account the IFOAM basic standards.
2006
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
rtf
en
/id/eprint/7335/1/Paulo_Brito%27s_paper_edit.doc
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/7335/2/7335_Brito.pdf
Borges de Brito, Paulo Roberto; Chagas de Carvalho, Yara Maria and Benedito Macedo, Arlei (2006) Intervention in a third party smallholder group organic certification. Paper at: Joint Organic Congress, Odense, Denmark, May 30-31, 2006.
oai:orgprints.org:7399
2010-04-12T07:32:38Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7399/
BIOM, Organic farmers network for Research, Development and Innovation
Sukkel, ir Wijnand
van Leeuwen Haagsma, ing Wiepie
van der Wel, ing Cees
Systems research and participatory research
Farming Systems
Farmers networks are a valuable instrument for research, development and innovation in organic agriculture. The last 15 years networks of pilot farms have been used in the Netherlands to improve farm performance for integrated and organic farming. For organic agriculture the BIOM network was set up in 1998. Participating farmers improved their farm performance amongst others by a decrease of the hand labour for weed control and a reduction of the nutrient surpluses. The network also functioned as a facility for on-farm research on various topics. Additional effects of the close contacts between par-ticipants were a closer cooperation between farmers and an incentive for innovation
2006
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
source
en
/id/eprint/7399/1/BIOM_odense.doc
Sukkel, ir Wijnand; van Leeuwen Haagsma, ing Wiepie and van der Wel, ing Cees (2006) BIOM, Organic farmers network for Research, Development and Innovation. Paper at: Joint Organic Congress, Odense, Denmark, May 30-31, 2006.
oai:orgprints.org:7447
2010-04-12T07:32:40Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368
7375626A656374733D316F7267616E696373
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E:357472616E73666572
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7447/
A participatory methodology for large scale field trials in the UK
Jones, Dr H.
Hinchsliffe, Miss K.
Clarke, Dr S M
Pearce, Dr B
Gibbon, Dr D
Lyon, Dr F
Harris, Dr F
Thomas, Dr J
Wolfe, Prof M S
Research methodology and philosophy
"Organics" in general
Systems research and participatory research
Education, extension and communication
Technology transfer
Farmer participation was essential in developing a uniquely useful set of wheat variety trials data on a wide range of organic farms over two years. Although the trials were successful, it became clear that some of the participating farmers felt there were some limitations in the process. These included a lack of ownership in the project and a concern for more researcher help. It was clear that a greater time in-vestment was needed at the start of the project to help with farmer understanding and ownership. De-spite the negative comments, farmers appreciated their involvement, particularly in contrasting their own views and information with that from the wider scene. Farmer participation is essential for systems-level research and this project helped to develop a small core of trained farmers and researchers.
2006
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/7447/1/denmark_congress_06_PC_social_paper.pdf
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/7447/2/7447.pdf
Jones, Dr H.; Hinchsliffe, Miss K.; Clarke, Dr S M; Pearce, Dr B; Gibbon, Dr D; Lyon, Dr F; Harris, Dr F; Thomas, Dr J and Wolfe, Prof M S (2006) A participatory methodology for large scale field trials in the UK. Poster at: Joint Organic Congress, Odense, Denmark, May 30-31, 2006.
oai:orgprints.org:7523
2010-04-12T07:32:44Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:38706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7523/
Stakeholder involvement in policy evaluation and development in 11 European countries: synthesis results
Häring, A.M
Vairo, D.
Dabbert, S.
Zanoli, R.
Policy environments and social economy
Systems research and participatory research
In an effort in bringing together stakeholders of the organic farming and general agricultural policy sector within the EU in April Mai 2004 a group of stakeholders met for a one day-workshop in 11 European countries (AT, GB, DE, DK, IT, CH, CZ, PL, SI, EE, HU) to formulate policy recommen¬dations for the development of organic farming sector. Close personal contact of participants in these workshops facilitated policy learning and innovation at the national level and provided a platform to form alliances to decide on further actions. This contribution presents the synthesised results from all national workshops highlighting the current situation of organic farming policy in Europe and providing recommendations for future policy instruments.
2006
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/7523/1/Theme2_Haering_Vairo_Zanoli_Dabbert_final.pdf
Häring, A.M; Vairo, D.; Dabbert, S. and Zanoli, R. (2006) Stakeholder involvement in policy evaluation and development in 11 European countries: synthesis results. [Stakeholder involvement in policy evaluation and development in 11 European countries: synthesis results.] Paper at: Joint Organic Congress, Odense, Denmark, May 30-31, 2006.
oai:orgprints.org:7541
2009-08-20T14:30:54Z
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:3363657265616C73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:37706C616E746272656564
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7541/
Framtagning av lokalanpassade stråsädessorter för ekologisk odling genom deltagande forskning
Cereals, pulses and oilseeds
Systems research and participatory research
Breeding, genetics and propagation
Hypotesen är att lokalanpassade sorter kan ha bättre förutsättningar än konventionella sorter när det gäller ogräskonkurrens och motståndskraft mot sjukdomar. I projektet arbetar forskare tillsammans med ekologiska odlare för att välja ut de sorter som passar bäst för en region. Sorterna ska förutom goda odlingsegenskaper också ha bra bakningsförmåga och goda egenskaper när det gäller kvalitet och smak. Fram till tidigt 1960-tal hade växt- förädlingen ungefär samma förutsättningar som ekologisk odling har i dag, dvs. liten insats av gödselmedel och inga växtskyddsmedel. Man screenar detta tidiga sortmaterial, men jämför också med moderna sorter med attraktiva egenskaper.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Framtagning av lokalanpassade stråsädessorter för ekologisk odling genom deltagande forskning. [Development of locally adapted cereal varieties for organic farming through participatory research.] Runs 2001 - 2003. Project Leader(s): Svensson, Gunnar, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU .
oai:orgprints.org:7548
2009-08-20T14:30:55Z
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:3363657265616C73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7548/
Ekologisk oljeväxtblandning: beståndsetablering, ogräsreglering och strategier mot spillraps
Cereals, pulses and oilseeds
Systems research and participatory research
Ekologisk produktion av oljeväxter, raps och rybs, har varit av blygsam omfattning, cirka 100 ha har skördats årligen under slutet av 1990-talet. År 2000 ökade odlingen till 300 – 400 ha, och under 2001 har cirka 1 200 ha odlats. Sedan hösten 1997, då priserna på ekologiskt producerad soja steg, har intresset från marknaden varit stort för ekologiskt oljefrö. Med KRAV-regler som föreskriver en allt högre andel KRAV-godkänt foder kommer ekologiskt producerat rapsmjöl fortsatt att vara högintressant för såväl mjölk- som svinproducenter. Behovet bedöms uppgå till 2 000 ton för enbart mjölkproduktionen, motsvarande en odling av cirka 1 500 ha. Odling av oljeväxter är förenad med en rad svårigheter; bl.a. grödans stora kvävebehov, skadeinsekter, framförallt rapsbaggar och jordloppor, samt efterföljande spillplantor. Dokumentation av odlingar under 1997 – 2001 visade stor variation i såväl skördenivå som odlingstekniska problem. Skördenivån varierade mellan 200 – 3 200 kg/ha. De högsta skördenivåerna erhölls när flytgödsel tillförts eller då en baljväxtrik vall varit förfrukt. De flesta odlingarna var sådda med 12 cm radavstånd och åtgärder mot ogräs vidtogs inte. Rapsbaggeförekomsten var låg i de flesta odlingarna. I delar av Östergötland och Västergötland där resistens mot insekticider konstaterats har skadorna ökat de senaste två åren. Erfarenheter från konventionell odling och försöksverksamhet har givit rådgivningen vägledning när det gäller t.ex. såteknik. Här kommer vi att undersöka effekterna av olika radavstånd på såväl ogräsförekomst, kvävemineralisering som skörd i ekologiska höstoljeväxtodlingar i områden där höstoljeväxter har en säker övervintring. Tre försök (L7-818) anläggs årligen där rapsen sås med 12, 24 resp. 48 cm radavstånd. Ogräshackning utförs i 24 resp 48 cm bestånden två gånger på hösten och en gång på våren. Strategier för att reducera beståndet av spillraps undersöks i ett separat försök, L7-819, och anläggs redan på våren i en befintlig höstrapsodling genom etablering av fånggröda. Därefter sås höstvete respektive vårsäd. Dessa försök är en värdefull utökning av ett projekt med ovanstående rubrik Dnr 25-5306/01. Det ger ett säkrare underlag då risk för utvintring föreligger varje år. Under projektets gång hålls kontakt med en grupp lantbrukare enligt modellen för deltagande forskning. Denna grupp kommer att bidra med värdefulla synpunkter på resultaten samt genom de sammantagna erfarenheterna från fältforskningen och egna erfarenheter föreslå vidareutveckling av arbetet inför framtiden.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Ekologisk oljeväxtblandning: beståndsetablering, ogräsreglering och strategier mot spillraps. [Organic production of winter oilseed rape.] Runs 2002 - 2005. Project Leader(s): Wallenhammar, Ann-Charlotte, The Rural Economy and Agricultural Societies .
oai:orgprints.org:7585
2009-08-20T14:30:59Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:346D6574686F6473:32696E64696361746F7273
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7585/
Deltagande forskning och nyckeltal på ekologiska gårdar
Systems research and participatory research
Indicators and other value-laden measures
Farming Systems
Nyckeltal på ekologiska gårdar
Nyckeltal används för att kvantitativt beskriva ett lantbruksföretags miljöpåverkan (Bendz, 2001) och miljönyckeltal är framtagna bland annat för kväve (Gustafsson et al., 2001) och fosfor (Ivarsson et al., 2001). Hushållning av insatta åtgärder är viktigt både för miljön och för lantbrukaren. Nyckeltal är därför relevanta som beslutsunderlag när lantbrukarna vill mäta sig själva, bli bättre och lönsammare. Vill man undersöka hur väl växtnäringen nyttjas på gårdsnivå kan man beräkna nyckeltal med hjälp av växtnäringsbalanser. Visar balansen stora överskott finns risk att förluster uppkommer medan underskott kan vara en signal på att systemet inte är uthålligt på lång sikt.
Bakgrund
Projektet med nyckeltal ingår i SLU:s Ekoforsk-program för ekologisk fältforskning och består av lantbrukare från åtta ekologiska växtodlingsgårdar i Mälardalen. Lantbrukarna deltar i en deltagardriven forskningsgrupp som gemensamt tagit fram metoder för dokumentation inom växtnäring, energianvändning och arbetsåtgång.
Under 2003 har växtnäringsbalanser upprättats för kväve, fosfor och kalium på sju av gårdarna. Några av gårdarna hade även ett referensskifte där man förde körjournal samt noterade arbetsförbrukning. Jordarten på gårdarna var mellanlera till styv lera och tillgängligheten för fosfor var i regel lägre än för kalium (P-AL-klass II och III jämfört med K-AL-klasserna IV och V). Gårdarna odlade i huvudsak grödor för avsalu och hade gröngödsling på 25–35 % av totalarealen. Alla gårdar utom en hade ettåriga vallar. Några gårdar hade gödslat med Biofermjöl (7-9-0) under 2003. Beräkningarna utfördes med hjälp av STANK-modellen som är Jordbruksverkets program för växtnäringsberäkningar på gårdsnivå.
Kväve
Nyckeltalen för kväve varierade mellan -8 och +17 kg N/ha och år på gårdarna. Kvävet kom till allra största del från kvävefixering och byggde på uppskattningar av baljväxthalt i vallarna. Balansen kunde under vissa år därför vara negativ. På de tre gårdar som hade överskott var kväveeffektiviteten 71–87 %. En kväveeffekt över 70 % måste anses som mycket bra och visade att skördarna varit höga på gårdarna.
Fosfor
Fosforbalansen var genomgående negativ på samtliga gårdar utom i de fall där man gödslat med Biofermjöl (7-9-0). Nyckeltalen var mellan +6 till -10 kg P/ha och år. Gårdarnas växtföljder med djuprotade baljväxter kan öka tillgänglighet på fosfor i stora jordvolymer och även stabilisera jorden, samt ge bra markstruktur. Men på längre sikt kan återkommande underskott leda till låga fosfortal i marken. För en uthållig ekologisk växtodling är det därför viktigt att kunna ta tillbaka fosfor från samhället, t.ex. som Biofer.
Kalium
För kaliumbalansen visade alla gårdar ett underskott på mellan -7 till -10 kg K/ha och år. Behovet av kalium har ändå möjlighet att tillgodoses eftersom jordarna har högt lerinnehåll och kan årligen leverera kalium i tillräcklig mängd.
Slutsater
Nyckeltal kan förbättra lantbrukarens beslutsunderlag och ge ökad medvetenhet och insikt. Beräkningar av nyckeltal för kväve, fosfor och kalium under 2003 visade att nyttjandet av växtnäring på de undersökta gårdarna var god. För gårdar med överskott var effektiviteten hög (> 70 %). Underskott av växtnäring kan på sikt tära på förråden och detta är speciellt viktigt för fosfor som är förhållandevis svårtillgängligt i marken. Lantbrukarna överväger därför att tillföra organiska fosforgödselmedel och på de gårdar som tillfört Biofermjöl visade fosforbalansen ett klart överskott.
Referenser
Bendz, E. 2001. Miljönyckeltal inom jordbruket – ett sätt att beskriva företagets miljöpåverkan. Fakta Jordbruk Nr 4. SLU.
Gustafsson, K., Hallén, P. & Lindén, B. 2001. Kväve ur Miljönyckeltal: Kväve, fosfor, kadmium, energi och markpackning, s. 2–3. Fakta Jordbruk Nr 7. SLU.
Ivarsson, K., Mattsson, L., Rydberg, I. & Ulén, B. 2001. Fosfor ur Miljönyckeltal: Kväve, fosfor, kadmium, energi och markpackning, s. 4–5. Fakta Jordbruk Nr 7. SLU.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Deltagande forskning och nyckeltal på ekologiska gårdar. [Documentation and participatory learning on organic farms.] Runs 2002 - 2004. Project Leader(s): Svanäng, Karin, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU .
oai:orgprints.org:7589
2009-08-20T14:31:00Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:6661726D2D6E75747269656E742D6D616E6167656D656E74
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7589/
Odlingssystem på ekologiska växtodlingsgårdar: förbättring av växtnäringshushållningen
Systems research and participatory research
Farm nutrient management
Projektet är ett syntesarbete där samverkan ingår med ett flertal aktörer, forskare såväl som rådgivare och lantbrukare.
Projektet är indelat i tre delar:
* Del 1: Analys av växtnäringsbalanser. Kartläggning av dagsläget vad gäller växtnäringshushållning där i huvudsak befintliga växtnäringsbalanser kritiskt utvärderas och kompletteras. Analysen omfattar även internationellt publicerade arbeten.
* Del 2: Metodutveckling för bestämning av kvävefixering i gröngödslingsgrödor på gårdsnivå.
* Del 3: Fallstudier av odlingssystem. En samverkan i Skåne län mellan lantbrukare, rådgivare och forskare i deltagardriven forskning med målet att förbättra växtnäringshushållningen på gårdsnivå.
Idag saknas kunskap om växtnäringshushållningen i praktiken på ekologiska gårdar med växtodlingsinriktning i olika regioner i Sverige. Ett gott kunskapsunderlag är mycket viktigt för att kunna göra en analys av möjliga förbättringar. Från samhällets sida finns också uttalade mål att öka den ekologiska produktionen och därigenom den biologiska mångfalden i slättbygderna där växtodlingsföretag dominerar. För de ekologiska växtodlingsgårdarna är hushållningen med växtnäring, speciellt det kväve som fixeras i baljväxterna, mycket viktig. Det övergripande syftet med projektet är att med ett helhetsperspektiv på gårdens odlingssystem generera rekommendationer vad gäller växtföljd, gödslingsintensitet, hantering av gröngödsling och andra gödselmedel, bruk av fånggrödor samt jordbearbetningsåtgärder. Dessa komponenter är samtliga avgörande för växtnäringsutnyttjandet på ekologiska växtodlingsgårdar.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Odlingssystem på ekologiska växtodlingsgårdar: förbättring av växtnäringshushållningen. [Cultivation systems on organic arable farms: improvement of plant nutrient management.] Runs 2005 - 2007. Project Leader(s): Wivstad, Maria, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU .
oai:orgprints.org:7604
2009-08-20T14:31:02Z
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:3170617374757265
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7604/
Utveckling av ekologisk utsädesproduktion av vallfrö genom deltagardriven forskning
Pasture and forage crops
Systems research and participatory research
En ökning av ekologisk vallfröodling är betydelsefull för utvecklingen av hela det ekologiska lantbruket i och med skärpningen av kraven på användning av ekologiskt utsäde inom EU. Intresset från odlare är stort samtidigt som många av dem inte har producerat vallfrö tidigare.
Produktion av vallfrö är en specialodling som ställer särskilda krav på bl.a. skörd och efterbehandling. I ekologisk produktion av frö måste dessutom ogräsreglering, växtnäringsförsörjning och skörd ske med delvis nya metoder. Idag är kassationerna större i ekologiska odlingar jämfört med konventionella beroende på en alltför hög inblandning av ogräsfrön som är svåra att rensa bort. Med många nya odlare måste beredskapen för att lösa de problem som uppstår vara hög hos såväl odlare, rådgivare och forskare.
Den övergripande målsättningen med projektet är att förbättra förutsättningarna för ekologisk vallfröodling bl.a. genom att öka odlingssäkerheten och kvaliteten.
Ett deltagardrivet arbetssätt kommer att användas för ge en ökad återkoppling mellan forskningsresultat och praktik samt ge möjlighet att testa idéer och ny kunskap praktiskt för att effektivt utveckla den ekologiska fröodlingen. Den deltagardrivna forskningsgruppen ska identifiera relevanta frågeställningar inom ekologisk utsädesproduktion av timotej, rödklöver, ängssvingel och vitklöver, och definiera vilka metoder och analyser som bör användas för att besvara de identifierade frågorna. I gruppen skall resultaten analyseras och utvärderas. Dessa ligger sedan till grund för förändringar i såväl den egna verksamheten, som för att driva på och medverka till nödvändiga förändringar i det omgivande samhället, så som myndigheters agerande, KRAV-regler, EU-stöd m.m. Gruppen kommer att bestå av cirka 15 ekologiska fröproducenter företrädesvis i Mälar-Hjälmar länen, i Östergötland och Västra Götaland tillsammans med en rådgivare, en rådgivare/forskare och en forskare. Projektet är treårigt med start 2004.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Utveckling av ekologisk utsädesproduktion av vallfrö genom deltagardriven forskning. [Development of organic ley seed production using participatory methods.] Runs 2005 - 2007. Project Leader(s): Björklund, Johanna, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU .
oai:orgprints.org:7796
2009-08-20T14:31:16Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7796/
Deltagardriven forskning, Teori och praktik för svenskt lantbruk?
Systems research and participatory research
Arbetet innebär att syntetisera och bearbeta det arbete och den process som gruppen "Deltagardriven forskning Ekologisk växthusodling av tomat" har gjort kring vilka aspekter de menar bör ingå i vad som kan kallas ”ekologiska tomater” och vad som påverkar hur ”ekologiskt” deras egna odlingar drivs. Studien är ett exempel på hur deltagardriven forskning, med sin breda ansats, genom att arbeta med frågeställningar ur den lokala situationen kan bidra med kunskaper till de större sammanhangen, i detta fall ekologiskt lantbruk i stort. Det är också av intresse att beskriva hur deltagardriven forskning används inom ekologiskt lantbruk, i ett i-land som Sverige men framförallt hur en grupp lantbrukare ställts sig frågor ur ett större sammanhang, utanför de ekonomiska ramarna för sin verksamhet.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Deltagardriven forskning, Teori och praktik för svenskt lantbruk? [Exploring the theory och practice of participatory research in Swedish agriculture.] Runs 2004 - 2006. Project Leader(s): Eksvärd, Karin, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU .
oai:orgprints.org:7862
2010-04-12T07:32:57Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:327365637572697479
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D35736F696C:31736F696C7175616C
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7862/
SIMBIO-VEG: an interdisciplinary project for improvement of organic systems and meth-ods in arable and vegetable cropping
Bàrberi, Prof Dr Paolo
Mazzoncini, Prof Marco
Bigongiali, Federica
Antichi, Daniele
Food security, food quality and human health
Systems research and participatory research
Soil quality
SIMBIO-VEG is the first large interdisciplinary research project on organic farming ever being funded in Italy. The project partnership is composed of eight Working Units including Universities as well as public and private research centres and associa-tions, with a high degree of interaction among them. SIMBIO-VEG aims to acquire knowledge on the func-tioning of organic arable and vegetable cropping systems, as to (1) optimise systems management and the cultural practices (methods) therein, and improve the understanding of how organic systems and meth-ods influence produce quality and environmental impact. SIMBIO-VEG activities are structured in four strongly integrated research lines. Line 1 aims to understand the functioning of organically-managed agroecosystems and evaluate the technical and agro-nomic feasibility of crop production methods applied therein. Line 2 aims to evaluate the effects of organic systems and methods on overall produce quality, including both standard and innovative methods. Line 3 aims to evaluate the sustainability of organic sys-tems and methods through assessment of parameters and indicators related to soil quality, environmental impact, and economic viability. Lastly, line 4 is aimed to favour diffusion of results and innovation transfer through a comprehensive set of activities.
2006
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/7862/1/B%C3%A0rberi_et_al.pdf
Bàrberi, Prof Dr Paolo; Mazzoncini, Prof Marco; Bigongiali, Federica and Antichi, Daniele (2006) SIMBIO-VEG: an interdisciplinary project for improvement of organic systems and meth-ods in arable and vegetable cropping. Paper at: Joint Organic Congress, Odense, Denmark, May 30-31, 2006.
oai:orgprints.org:7949
2010-04-12T07:33:01Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:346D6574686F6473:32696E64696361746F7273
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:346D6574686F6473:3173757276657973
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:326661726D65636F6E
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/7949/
Factors affecting profitability of organic farms (OF0155)
Institute of Rural Sciences
Systems research and participatory research
Indicators and other value-laden measures
Surveys and statistics
Farm economics
Financial Factors
The importance of price premiums for profitability has been clearly established for cropping farms. The lack of availability of price premiums for livestock products means that the importance of price premiums in livestock systems to overall financial success has not been established.
There is some indication that the success of organic farms is likely to depend on the successful management of internal resources; the diversity of the farming business might aid this, but no studies have established any clear indicators or relationships. The total variable costs might give some indication and would be expected to be low where the internal utilisation of non-marketable goods, such as fertility, nutrients and forage, is efficient.
There is evidence that organic farms of a particular type (cropping, mixed and horticultural units) require more labour than comparable conventional farms and that the inclusion of labour intensive enterprises might lead to higher labour requirements, particularly during conversion. Organic farmers appear more likely to employ labour, and it can therefore be concluded that labour requirements, as well as the use of paid labour, are likely to represent an important profit factor on organic farms.
There is some indication that organic farms also have higher other fixed costs than conventional farms but few studies examine this in detail. The issue of fixed costs is likely to be of greater importance for the profitability of organic farms as more emphasis is placed on the management of internal resources than of purchased inputs.
It is likely that organic farms, in line with all farming activities, benefit from the economics of scale. Questions remain whether the importance of diversity applies differently to farms of different size, with large farms benefiting from economics of specialisation. There is no clear assessment in the literature with regards to the risk associated with organic production.
Managerial Factors
Organic producers have a variety of financial and non-financial objectives, which are likely to contribute to their managerial decisions and hence to the profitability of their farms.
In some studies the time under organic management has been identified as having an influence on farm sucess that might be attributed to greater level of experience as well as soil biological conditions.
In addition, their managerial ability and experience, farm workers' motivatio and the marketing ability, are likely to contribute towards the sucess of the farm but none of these issues have been studies on organic farms.
It is, however, likely that organic farmers vary in their personal and business related objectives and in management ability, and that the variation is an important factor of success.
Farm Profitability Measures
To analyse the factorss influencing profitability on any farm it is important to select measures of profitability that reflect the financial situation of the farm and are reresentative of the influences on the farmers' decision-making process. Profit, in this report, is used as an economic term, although other potential meanings are acknowledged.
Arguably, cash income reflects best the financial, decision-making as influenced by liquidity and bank statements. However, depreciation is recognised as a real cost to most farmers aiming to maintain their investment. Despite the value of increased comparability between farms of different tenure and indebtedness in standard FBS income measures (NFI and MII), the inclusion of the notional charges for labour and rent implies that farms are associated with expenses that will have no bearing on their financial decision-making. As the analysis is based on data of organic farms in the FBS format, ONI was selected as the most appropriate measure of farm profitability for much of the analysis, but NFI and cash income have been included for the factor analysis.
Despite the limitations of gross margins in general (designed for the comparison of enterprises with similar resource requirements) and for organic farms in particular (replacement of external inputs through management of internal resources) they often represent the only available data on physical and production aspects of organic farms. Gross margin data are therefore used in this study to illustrate the effect of price, variable costs and yield factors on the outputs for arable crops and milk.
Lampkin, Dr Nicolas
2001-03
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/7949/1/Factors_affecting_the_Profitability_of_Organic_Farms_OF0155.pdf
Institute of Rural Sciences (editor): Lampkin, Dr Nicolas (Ed.) (2001) Factors affecting profitability of organic farms (OF0155). University of Wales Aberystwyth , Institute of Rural Sciences.
oai:orgprints.org:8113
2009-08-20T14:31:51Z
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:636861696E6D616E6167656D656E74
74797065733D70726F6A656374
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8113/
Biologisk mångfald, ekosystemtjänster och brukare i samverkan för ett rikt odlingslandskap
Systems research and participatory research
Produce chain management
By working in collaboration with two local producer/processor/consumer networks in Sweden (see descriptions below), the goal of this project is to develop a participatory Supply Chain Management (SCM) platform specific to local agri-food networks. In the process, this project seeks to accomplish the following objectives:
a) outline the existing bottlenecks limiting the expansion of local food distribution systems, and articulate systemic, cooperative strategies for 'scaling-up' local food marketing arrangements (building on farmer's market and community supported agriculture models) to reach higher levels of market penetration for local foods.
b) create practical, systematic methods and tools for facilitating the learning of the actors involved to overcome obstacles to the creation and evolution of local food distribution systems with integrated supply chains, based on collaboration with actors in real supply chains.
c) ensure the transferability of successful participatory SCM platform developments to other contexts, through the documentation of group processes, the development of learning modules based on these processes, and the publication in scholarly journals of insights gained.
The networks:
Agrifood Network 1: Järna, Södertjäle Municipality, collaboration with EU INTERREG III B, Baltic Sea Region Project: Baltic Ecological Recycling Agriculture and Society (BERAS)
The Swedish portion of the BERAS project is based at the Biodynamic Research Institute at Skillebygård, in Södertjäle, Municipality, south of Stockholm. The well-established agrifood network upon which this portion of the project is based consists of: 6 farms producing grain, vegetables, milk, meat and fruit (total area in production 550 ha); 4 processing enterprises including a bakery, dairy, and slaughter house; local on-farm shops, as well as the local KONSUM and ICA shops; and a number large institutional customers including three local schools, a health clinic, and individual households. The project is intended to promote the already established local ecological food initiatives by integrating the local supply chain through an ongoing series of group dialogues that are designed to increase the integration of activities between the actors in the supply chain. The applicant has been hired to work on a 50 % salary as a research assistant with this project, co-ordinating and co-leading the planned group processes during the next 2 years.
Agrifood Network 2: Bonden's Egen Marknad
The work being done by the organizers of Bonden's egen Marknad (a network of farmer's markets in Stockholm, Malmö, Gothenburg, Vaxjö, Linköping, Umeå) holds the potential to become a prototypical example of how a collaborative effort between producers, processors and consumers can lead to a Supply Chain Management (SCM) platform that is participatory, modular, scalable and transferable to multiple contexts. This network is poised to expand on the current producer base that sell through the farmer's markets, and to transform into a distribution network that delivers high-quality, locally grown organic food to a range of individual and institutional customers. This project is explicitly using a SCM approach in its strategy. The SCM platform developed in this project will be designed with a cooperative non-profit ownership structure, so that the environmental benefits that may result from its use will be realized as quickly as possible Currently, a pilot project is slated to begin in early 2004. The pilot distribution network will include 20 producers, 40 retail businesses, 5 farmer's markets and 5 restaurants, with additional planned service to schools and retirement homes. The applicant will work as a facilitator of the implementation of a web-based SCM tool being developed by project partners, and work in collaboration with representatives from each network segment to design learning modules that will form the basis of broader implementation in subsequent years.
The principal problem to be addressed in this research is that the modern Swedish food system is not sustainable. This is largely due to the fact that the supply chains upon which it is based are dis-embedded from local contexts, and require high levels of energy and other resource use throughout the chain: from production, to transport, storage, distribution and consumption. These facts raise questions regarding not only the long-term sustainability of the organizational pattern of the Swedish food system, but call in to question the sustainability of the many modern industrial food systems that share a similar organizational pattern. One major symptom of this problem is that the increasingly extended food supply chains, both in Sweden and throughout Europe, are based on centrally coordinated distribution infrastructures at regional and national scales, and are thus not able to deliver a diverse range of locally grown products to local markets. This movement towards increasingly centralized distribution channels has resulted in a loss of economic opportunities for small and medium-scale producers in conventional as well as organic farming, and amounts to a structural impediment to the development of sustainable local food systems.
The primary premise upon which this research is built is that, if local producers are to establish substantive, long-term access to local markets (beyond weekend farmers markets and vegetable box schemes), then new distribution infrastructures and Supply Chain Management (SCM) platforms will be needed. Because local agrifood networks exist simultaneously in both the economic, social and political spheres of local places, they must be collaboratively managed by farmers, processors/distributors and customers if their long-term success is to be insured. Moreover, a locally oriented infrastructure must function to coordinate production flows within a heterogeneous producer-consumer constellation, that includes a broader spectrum of producers (large/small, single product/diverse production) and consumers (individual households, restaurants, hospitals, schools) than is currently served by conventional channels. If a participatory SCM platform can be developed and shared, then the potential for diverse and inclusive food systems to develop around the nexus of locality will increase.
Expected results
a) Participatory Supply Chain Management platform for Efficient Networking of Local Producer-Distributor-Consumer Constellations. As work progresses towards the objective of developing a participatory SCM platform, the process of uncovering obstacles in the group learning cycles will be incorporated into the SCM platform that will be used to coordinate the food system in question. In network 1, the SCM platform will likely take the form of new and more integrated agreements and operating procedures between actors in the supply chain. In network 2, through information management technology being developed by private sector partners of network, a standardized, internet-based SCM tool will be developed and incorporated into the functioning of the day-to-day activities of network 2.
b) Methodological development of the concept of Participatory Supply Chain Management. The coordination of local food network actors has direct relevance to many countries, thus two papers outlining the knowledge gained during the work of project will be written and submitted to scholarly journals, forming the base of the applicants licentiate thesis. Each paper will focus on different aspects of the knowledge gained.
The project is intended to lead to an expanded application of the model developed in the project, over the course of the project leader’s Ph.D. work. If the first year of the project produces interesting results and a greater understanding of the general bottlenecks confronting local food systems, then future years will focus on gathering empirical support for a general model of local supply chains that can help actors in the field to make decisions that increase the success of local food systems.
Papers to be presented at conferences or in scientific and/or business journals
Paper 1 is to include an overview of the bottlenecks that local food distribution systems must overcome to become more integrated, as well as the successes and setbacks experienced during the collaborative learning processes, and how these processes were overcome.
Paper 2 will present a detailed description of the knowledge and expertise that must be assembled to implement and manage new participatory supply chains in agrifood networks (e.g. IT competence, communication tools, agricultural economics, marketing and branding, logistics planning, etc.), and how this knowledge can be used to create integrated local food supply chains.
Project description
NonPeerReviewed
{Project} Biologisk mångfald, ekosystemtjänster och brukare i samverkan för ett rikt odlingslandskap. [Participatory Supply Chain Management for the Sustainable Development of Local Agrifood Networks.] Runs 2002 - 2004. Project Leader(s): Haden, Andrew and Ahnström, Johan, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SLU .
oai:orgprints.org:8242
2010-04-12T07:33:15Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E:357472616E73666572
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8242/
The development of an integrated modelling system to support decisions on organic farms
Julian, C.
Smith, N
Oglethorpe, David
Wright, J
Systems research and participatory research
Farming Systems
Technology transfer
This paper was presented at the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference of the Colloquium of Organic Researchers (COR).
An Integrated Decision Support System (IDSS) is developed which synthesises current understanding of organic farming by means of a multiple objective framework incorporating GIS, biophysical models and socio-economic models of the farming goals. The IDSS uses a multitiered concept of a farming system as a collection of micro-enterprises at the field level, with individual resource endowments, objectives and activities. Farm-level decision drivers trickle down to affect the micro-level field enterprise selection. Biophysical models describe typical forage, cereal, root and legume output and a user-friendly interfaces permits easy access and output display via a GIS. A prototype of the IDSS framework, being developed as a part of the SAC organic research programme is presented.
Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth
Powell, Jane
et al.
2002
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/8242/1/Julian_Integrated_modelling_decision_support.pdf
Julian, C.; Smith, N; Oglethorpe, David and Wright, J (2002) The development of an integrated modelling system to support decisions on organic farms. In: Powell, Jane and et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference, Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth, pp. 161-164.
oai:orgprints.org:8257
2010-04-12T07:33:16Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D33616E696D616C:31616E696D616C70726F64:39706F756C747279
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D33616E696D616C:31616E696D616C70726F64
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8257/
Management factors affecting the use of pasture by
table chickens in extensive production systems
Gordon, Susan H
Forbes, Michael J
Poultry
Systems research and participatory research
Production systems
Whether chickens will make proper use of pasture is a problem experienced by producers of free-range and organic chickens. The aims of this project are to identify husbandry techniques and aspects of system design that encourage good pasture use. Two studies have been conducted comprising a winter and a summer flock. The aim of the winter flock was to examine the effect of outdoor artificial shelter on pasture usage. This was done for female Ross 308 birds grown to day 56, and ISA 657 birds grown to day 81. In summer, ISA 657 birds were grown to day 81. Treatments were either standard or enriched brooding, with pasture only or enriched pasture. Standard brooding was in a controlled environment house until day 42. Enriched brooding was in naturally ventilated houses in which birds had sight of pasture from an early age and access from day 21. Enriched pasture included artificial shelter, with straw bales and a conifer “wigwam” used to provide natural shelter. Chickens may be encouraged to go outdoors by brooding in a less “controlled” environment than that used for intensive broilers, and by allowing access to pasture when young. However, mortality was higher. Conifer wigwams may offer a means for more even use of pasture and better distribution of droppings.
Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth
Powell, Jane
et al.
2002
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/8257/1/Gordon_Forbes_management_pasture_chickens.pdf
Gordon, Susan H and Forbes, Michael J (2002) Management factors affecting the use of pasture by table chickens in extensive production systems. In: Powell, Jane and et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference, Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth, pp. 269-272.
oai:orgprints.org:8259
2010-04-12T07:33:16Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:35766567657461626C6573
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8259/
The use of case studies in researching the conversion to organic farming systems
Hesketh, Mark
Firth, Chris
Sumption, Phil
Systems research and participatory research
Education, extension and communication
Vegetables
Crop husbandry
This poster reviews the use of case studies in studying farms converting to organic production. Particular reference is made to the 'Conversion to organic field vegetable production' project, which is making use of case studies. Case studies facilitate an in depth analysis of a farm during the conversion to organic production and enable researchers and farmers to gain a greater understanding of the complex changes that take place. Case studies also provide a valuable tool for disseminating the results
Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth
Powell, Jane
et al.
2002
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/8259/1/hesketh_casestudy_conversion.pdf
Hesketh, Mark; Firth, Chris and Sumption, Phil (2002) The use of case studies in researching the conversion to organic farming systems. In: Powell, Jane and et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference, Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth, pp. 117-118.
oai:orgprints.org:8269
2010-04-12T07:33:17Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8269/
Systems thinking, interdisciplinarity and farmer participation: essential ingredients in working for more sustainable organic farming systems
Gibbon, David
Research methodology and philosophy
Systems research and participatory research
This report was presented at the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference. This paper discusses the principles and values behind some of the innovative agricultural research methods which have evolved over the past 30 years in many countries and suggests that the lessons from this experience could have significant benefits in the development of organic research in the UK. The author argues that the key elements which need to be incorporated into a new approach to research on organic systems are:- systemic thinking (the need for a more holistic understanding of the context of farming and rural livelihoods), interdisciplinarity, (contributions from both social and natural science in the research process) and farmer-participation (the active participation and partnership of farmers and other key stakeholders in the process of design, planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluating research). By incorporating these principles, both into the vision of what research can become within in the organic movement, and into the methodologies that are used in new research partnerships, it is suggested that we could learn our way towards more sustainable, organically-based rural livelihoods in the future.
Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth
Powell, Jane
et al.
2002
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/8269/1/gibbon_Systems_thinking_participation.pdf
Gibbon, David (2002) Systems thinking, interdisciplinarity and farmer participation: essential ingredients in working for more sustainable organic farming systems. In: Powell, Jane and et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference, Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth, pp. 105-108.
oai:orgprints.org:8311
2010-04-12T07:33:19Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:38706C616E746865616C7468
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:35766567657461626C6573
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8311/
Farmer evaluation of biocontrol methods against rootknot nematodes in tomatoes
McLeod, Anni
Ndungu, Beth
Karanja, Daniel
Karanja, Peter
Crop health, quality, protection
Systems research and participatory research
Vegetables
This report was presented at the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference. Root-knot nematodes in tomatoes cause financial loss to Kenyan smallholders. While soil fumigation appears to be losing effectiveness two bio-control agents (bcas), Pasteuria penetrans and Verticillium chlamydosporium, appear promising. Participatory budgeting is being used to compare the bcas with chemical and other biological controls on commercial and organic smallholdings.
Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth
Powell, Jane
et al.
2002
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/8311/1/McLeod_Farmer_evaluation_biocontrol.pdf
McLeod, Anni; Ndungu, Beth; Karanja, Daniel and Karanja, Peter (2002) Farmer evaluation of biocontrol methods against rootknot nematodes in tomatoes. In: Powell, Jane and et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference, Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth, pp. 123-124.
oai:orgprints.org:8374
2010-04-12T07:33:22Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:346D6574686F6473
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8374/
Studying conversion as a human activity system
Padel, Susan
Research methodology and philosophy
Systems research and participatory research
Specific methods
This report was presented at the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference. Farmers convert to organic farming for a variety of reasons including environmental concerns, problems with conventional systems, and personal and financial reasons. They also vary in their management styles. These personal characteristics are rarely considered as explaining variables in comparative studies of farming systems, because of the contrasting methods used to evaluate personal objectives and attitudes as opposed to farm activities. Farming should be seen as a human activity system, in which people actively manage some natural resources, for the purpose of producing output, influenced by their subjective values and attitudes. The Farming Systems Research (FSR) approach aims to consider the social, cultural, ecological and economic context of farming, but provides little methodological guidance on how these aims can be achieved in a rigorous way. In this paper reference is made to the tradition of qualitative social inquiry, especially case studies, whereby inductive research is undertaken in real world situations without deliberate manipulation. The paper provides an example of case studies of converting dairy farms integrating structured data on farm activities with unstructured ones of personal characteristics.
Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth
Powell, Jane
et al.
2002
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/8374/1/padel_Conversion_human_activity_system.pdf
Padel, Susan (2002) Studying conversion as a human activity system. In: Powell, Jane and et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference, Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth, pp. 101-104.
oai:orgprints.org:8378
2010-04-12T07:33:22Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8378/
Case study: Duchy College Organic Studies Centre
Burke, Jean
Le Grice, Phil
Research methodology and philosophy
Systems research and participatory research
This report was presented at the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference. Coswinsawsin Organic Demonstration Farm supports a stockless vegetable and cereal rotation and achieved organic status in January 2001. Over 18 months 430 people attended 18 organic farming events. Work included trials and demonstration plots, monitoring of small mammal and bird populations and a green waste composting project which are ongoing. £972,199 Objective 1 funding was awarded to expand activity across all sectors of production and establish the Organic Studies Centre at Duchy College. The project will link organic research to demonstration, technology transfer and training. The emphasis will be on farmer participation and research will be taken onto commercial farms. 82% of respondents to a farmer survey were interested in participation in organic trials and demonstration. It is anticipated that dissemination of up to date information at farm level will improve competitiveness and financial viability of farm businesses.
Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth
Powell, Jane
et al.
2002
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/8378/1/burke_LeGrice_Duchy_College_Studies_Centre.pdf
Burke, Jean and Le Grice, Phil (2002) Case study: Duchy College Organic Studies Centre. In: Powell, Jane and et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference, Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth, pp. 119-120.
oai:orgprints.org:8422
2010-04-12T07:33:24Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D316F7267616E696373
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8422/
In-depth case studies of the conversion process
Padel, Susanne
"Organics" in general
Systems research and participatory research
This report was presented at the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference. A number of agricultural disciplines including agricultural economics are concerned with farmer decision-making and change processes on farms regarding both technical and financial efficiency through surveys of representative samples and modelling. The paper presents an alternative approach in which longitudinal case studies were used to gain a better understanding of a complex change process on farms, the conversion process to organic milk production. The aim was to develop and apply an integrated approach to analyse both personal and farm-specific changes in a qualitative way and to identify important factors that influence the conversion process.
Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth
Powell, Jane
et al.
2002
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/8422/1/padel_Case_studies_conversion_process.pdf
Padel, Susanne (2002) In-depth case studies of the conversion process. In: Powell, Jane and et al. (Eds.) Proceedings of the UK Organic Research 2002 Conference, Organic Centre Wales, Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth, pp. 289-292.
oai:orgprints.org:8457
2010-04-12T07:33:26Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D656E7669726F6E6D656E74
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:38706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:38706C616E746865616C7468
7375626A656374733D316F7267616E696373
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:37706C616E746272656564
74797065733D6F74686572
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8457/
Elm Farm Research Centre Bulletin 82 February 2006
Woodward, Lawrence
Sanders, Richard
Wolfe, Prof Martin
Clark, Dr Sarah
Hitchings, Roger
Measures, Mark
Environmental aspects
Policy environments and social economy
Crop health, quality, protection
"Organics" in general
Systems research and participatory research
Farming Systems
Breeding, genetics and propagation
Regular newsletter with technical updates from the Organic Advisory Service
Issue covers:
organic sector payments, dietary health choices, avian influenza vaccination, tradable quotas, feeding cities, sewage sludge, organic aquaculture, organic poultry, biodiversity and productivity research, organic winter wheat varieties, linking farmers and scientists, Interreg Project, RAFAEL energy use greenhouse gas emissions food and farming.
2006-02
Other
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/8457/1/Bulletin_82.pdf
Woodward, Lawrence; Sanders, Richard; Wolfe, Prof Martin; Clark, Dr Sarah; Hitchings, Roger and Measures, Mark (2006) Elm Farm Research Centre Bulletin 82 February 2006. Elm Farm Research Centre , all.
oai:orgprints.org:8533
2010-05-13T09:12:35Z
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:38706F6C696379
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:356D61726B657473
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8533/
The Case Study Method in Organic Research
Midmore, Peter
Padel, Susanne
Schermer, Markus
Policy environments and social economy
Systems research and participatory research
Markets and trade
This paper argues that the systematic complexity of agriculture requires a methodological pluralism, and that case studies, used hitherto as an ad hoc and exploratory approach, might be developed as a rigorous and appropriate investigational tool in their own right, with particular relevance for the organic sector. It provides a review of the main outlines of the approach and illustrates its application in the context of marketing initiatives and their impact on rural development processes. It concludes that important insights into how and why policies work can be obtained from a comparative case study framework, which cannot be wholly obtained from other approaches.
2009-08-20
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/8533/1/Midmore_case_study_method.pdf
Midmore, Peter; Padel, Susanne and Schermer, Markus (2009) The Case Study Method in Organic Research. Poster at: Joint Organic Congress, Odense, May 30 and 31, 2006.
oai:orgprints.org:8745
2010-04-12T07:33:43Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:36636F6D6D756E69636174696F6E
74797065733D6A6F75726E616C70
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8745/
Katalysator oder Fußnote? - Welche Rolle spielt die biologisch-dynamische Forschung in der Wissenschaft für den Ökolandbau?
Rahmann, Gerold
Oppermann, Rainer
Systems research and participatory research
Research communication and quality
Weil biologisch-dynamische Betriebe und die biologisch-dynamische Forschung zur komplexen Realität des ökologischen Landbaus dazu gehören, weil diese Richtung in der Vergangenheit einen starken Einfluss auf die ökologische Landwirtschaft hatte und sicherlich weiterhin Einfluss auf die Entwicklung der Biolandwirtschaft nehmen wird, muss man sich mit ihr befassen. Und weil es trotz aller Unterschiede immer noch um gemeinsame ökologische Ziele geht, wollen wir versuchen, uns konstruktiv, kritisch und eventuell unbequem auseinander
zu setzen.
Forschungsring für biologisch-dynamischen Landbau e.V.
2003
Journal paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/8745/1/096_bio_dyn_forschung.pdf
Rahmann, Gerold and Oppermann, Rainer (2003) Katalysator oder Fußnote? - Welche Rolle spielt die biologisch-dynamische Forschung in der Wissenschaft für den Ökolandbau? [Catalysator or footmark - Which role does bio-dynamic research play in organic farming science?] Lebendige Erde (5), pp. 12-13.
oai:orgprints.org:8750
2010-04-12T07:33:43Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/8750/
Att värdera uthållighet i lantbruket – genomgång av metoder för miljö- och naturresursanalys
Björklund, Johanna
Rydberg, Torbjörn
Systems research and participatory research
Indedning
Behovet av metoder för att värdera uthålligheten i
utvecklingen av vårt samhälle och i olika mänskliga
aktiviteter ökar i takt med vårt anspråk på världens
begränsade resurser. Det är svårt att hitta rätt i floden
av utarbetade metoder och beroende på hur vi definierar
uthållighet bör valet av metod bli olika. Det
krävs stor kunskap för att göra medvetna val i en enskild
analyssituation.
Syftet med denna rapport är att beskriva och diskutera
metoder som i olika sammanhang har använts i
analyser relaterade till uthållig markanvändning i
jordbruket. Förhoppningen är att rapporten ska tjäna
som underlag i diskussioner om hur uthållighet kan
mätas, och att den dessutom kan användas som guide
inför val av analysmetod. Det är viktigt att vara medveten
om att samtliga metoder är under stark utveckling
och att intentionen har varit att beskriva metoderna
så som de huvudsakligen används idag.
Analysmetoderna kan diskuteras ur olika perspektiv.
I detta arbete används ett systemekologiskt, där jordbruket
beskrivs som ett agroekosystem, uppbyggt av:
levande komponenter, så som människor, djur, växter,
svampar och mikroorganismer; samt icke levande
komponenter, som berg, jord, luft och vatten. Alla delar
i agroekosystemet är ömsesidigt beroende av varandra.
Dessutom påverkar och påverkas systemet av
de större ekologiska, ekonomiska och sociala system
som det är en del av.
Rapporten är inte tänkt som en handbok om metoderna.
För detta får man vända sig till de litteraturtips
som ges i sista delen av rapporten.
Förord
Denna rapport tar sin utgångspunkt i de arbeten och
diskussioner som ägde rum under doktorandkursen
”System Principles and Sustainability Assessments for
Ecological Land-Use”. Kursen hölls under vårterminen
2000 inom forskarskolan ResELU (Research
School for Ecological Land Use). Kursledare var Torbjörn
Rydberg, Steven Doherty och Lennart Salomonsson,
alla då verksamma vid CUL (Centrum för uthålligt
lantbruk), SLU. En engelsk sammanfattning av
arbetet i kursen finns i rapporten ”Ecosystem Properties
and Principles of Living Systems as Foundation
for Sustainable Agriculture – Critical reviews of environmental
assessment tools, key findings and questions
from a course process” utgiven av CUL, 2002.
Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernähung (BLE) / Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food BLE, Bonn, Germany
2003
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/8750/1/bjoerklund-rydberg-2003-naturresursanalys.pdf
Björklund, Johanna and Rydberg, Torbjörn (2003) Att värdera uthållighet i lantbruket – genomgång av metoder för miljö- och naturresursanalys. Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernähung (BLE) / Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food BLE, Bonn, Germany.
oai:orgprints.org:9556
2010-04-12T07:34:21Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D656E7669726F6E6D656E74:396C616E647363617065
7375626A656374733D656E7669726F6E6D656E74:3762696F646976657273697479
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/9556/
E+E-Projekt „Integration von Naturschutzzielen in den Ökologischen Landbau am Beispiel der Hessischen Staatsdomäne Frankenhausen“ - Maßnahmen in der bewirtschafteten Fläche
van Elsen, Thomas
Godt, Jochen
Haase, Thorsten
Fricke, Thomas
Wachendorf, Michael
Saucke, Helmut
Möller, Detlev
Quintern, Michael
Otto, Marius
Kölsch, Eberhard
Baars, Ton
Heß, Jürgen
Systems research and participatory research
Landscape and recreation
Biodiversity and ecosystem services
On the Hessian state domain Frankenhausen near Kassel the project “The Integration of Nature Conservation into Organic Farming” (supported by the German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation with funds of the Federal Environmental Ministry) aims to support biodiversity not only by restoring biotopes on the farmland. The focus lies on measures to enhance the diversity on the arable land and the pastures of the farm. A participatory approach is striven for, in which the scientists and planners take the role of a companion catalyst or moderator.
2007
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/9556/1/9556_vanElsen_Poster.pdf
van Elsen, Thomas; Godt, Jochen; Haase, Thorsten; Fricke, Thomas; Wachendorf, Michael; Saucke, Helmut; Möller, Detlev; Quintern, Michael; Otto, Marius; Kölsch, Eberhard; Baars, Ton and Heß, Jürgen (2007) E+E-Projekt „Integration von Naturschutzzielen in den Ökologischen Landbau am Beispiel der Hessischen Staatsdomäne Frankenhausen“ - Maßnahmen in der bewirtschafteten Fläche. [The Integration of nature conservation into organic farming - a project on the Hessian state domain Frankenhausen. Measures within the farmland.] Poster at: Zwischen Tradition und Globalisierung - 9. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Deutschland, 20.-23.03.2007.
oai:orgprints.org:9559
2010-04-12T07:34:21Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D656E7669726F6E6D656E74:396C616E647363617065
7375626A656374733D656E7669726F6E6D656E74:3762696F646976657273697479
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/9559/
E+E-Projekt „Integration von Naturschutzzielen in den Ökologischen Landbau am Beispiel der Hessischen Staatsdomäne Frankenhausen“ - Maßnahmen zur Entwicklung dauerhafter Landschaftsstrukturen
Godt, Jochen
van Elsen, Thomas
Haase, Thorsten
Braukmann, Ulrich
Fricke, Thomas
Saucke, Helmut
Hensel, Oliver
Baierl, Cindy
Walter, Karl-Henning
Schumann, C.
Heß, Jürgen
Systems research and participatory research
Landscape and recreation
Biodiversity and ecosystem services
The Hessian state domain Frankenhausen near Kassel was converted to organic farming in July 1998 and serves as a research and demonstration farm of the univer-sity. Before that time the farm changed constantly by typical intensification of conven-tional farming: The landscape is a mirror of intense use: cleared and drained fields, canalised brooks and large fields with few structural elements. – Within the project “The Integration of Nature Conservation into Organic Farming” (supported by the German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation with funds from the Federal Envi-ronmental Ministry) and based on the analysis of the present situation using methods of landscape ecology. Measures to restore brooks, structural elements and biotopes are to be implemented. The aim is to integrate structural elements like hedgerows into the farm management.
2007
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/9559/1/9559_Godt_Poster.pdf
Godt, Jochen; van Elsen, Thomas; Haase, Thorsten; Braukmann, Ulrich; Fricke, Thomas; Saucke, Helmut; Hensel, Oliver; Baierl, Cindy; Walter, Karl-Henning; Schumann, C. and Heß, Jürgen (2007) E+E-Projekt „Integration von Naturschutzzielen in den Ökologischen Landbau am Beispiel der Hessischen Staatsdomäne Frankenhausen“ - Maßnahmen zur Entwicklung dauerhafter Landschaftsstrukturen. [The integration of nature conservation into organic farming - a project on the Hessian State Domain Frankenhausen. Measures to restore permanent structural elements on the farmland.] Poster at: Zwischen Tradition und Globalisierung - 9. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Deutschland, 20.-23.03.2007.
oai:orgprints.org:9657
2010-04-12T07:34:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/9657/
Erfahrungswissenschaft und Expertenblick -Eine Forschungsmethode inspiriert von der biologisch-dynamischen Landwirtschaft
Baars, Ton
Baars, E.
Systems research and participatory research
Experiential science is based on the unique knowledge gathered by experienced practitioners. Both the reflective evaluation of case studies and expert judgement processes and the use of pattern recognition are core elements of experiential scien-tific methodology. Development of experiential knowledge and insights are thus pri-marily based on experts’ actions and the reflections on those actions. The methodol-ogy has been created based on intensive cooperation between single farmers or farmer groups and scientists/advisors. Experiential knowledge is not only holistic, but also adequate. As in formal science, experienced practitioners develop valid knowl-edge and in new, unknown situations they have a capability to integrate their diagno-sis (“knowing what”) and suitable actions, necessary at a specific time (“knowing that”).
2007
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/9657/1/9657_Baars_Vortrag.pdf
Baars, Ton and Baars, E. (2007) Erfahrungswissenschaft und Expertenblick -Eine Forschungsmethode inspiriert von der biologisch-dynamischen Landwirtschaft. [Experiential science and expert knowledge – a scientific method inspired from biodynamic agriculture.] Paper at: Zwischen Tradition und Globalisierung - 9. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Deutschland, 20.-23.03.2007.
oai:orgprints.org:9808
2010-04-12T07:34:31Z
oai:orgprints.org:9899
2010-04-12T07:34:35Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/9899/
Organic Farming Research Support and Research Priorities in the European Union
Gonzálvez, V.
Schmid, O.
Schlueter, M.
Slabe, A.
Systems research and participatory research
Support for Organic Farming focused research has increased significantly in successive EU research funding frameworks. This is in line with constantly increasing consumer demand for organic foods over the last 20 years, which has accelerated again over the last 2 years in many European countries, including new member states.
Under the 7th Framework Programme (FP7), the expected new increase of funds for organic farming could significantly decrease, even below the levels made available under the 5th Framework Programme (FP5). Most of the project topics listed focus on the development of methods for economic analyses of Organic Farming and/or follow a very “reductionist” one problem - one potential solution approach.
On the other side, as there is no clear instruments to establish priorities in research programmes at European level. The IFOAM EU Group has developed a consultation process to set organic farming sector priorities, which could be used as a model to set research priorities in the future.
This paper also presents a first assessment of the EU support to organic farming research, reviewing main achievements in organic food production systems research and proposing some changes in the current 7th Framework Programme.
2007
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/9899/1/gonzalvez-etal-2007-research-eu.pdf
Gonzálvez, V.; Schmid, O.; Schlueter, M. and Slabe, A. (2007) Organic Farming Research Support and Research Priorities in the European Union. Paper at: 3rd QLIF Congress: Improving Sustainability in Organic and Low Input Food Production Systems, University of Hohenheim, Germany, March 20-23, 2007.
oai:orgprints.org:9902
2010-04-12T07:34:35Z
oai:orgprints.org:10139
2010-04-12T07:34:46Z
7374617475733D756E707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10139/
Pilotprojekt, Deltagardriven forskning på försöksgårdar
Rölin, Åsa
Svanäng, Karin
Systems research and participatory research
Visionen med projektet var att med de ekologiska försökgårdarna som lokala resurscentrum skapa förutsättningar för mötesplatser mellan lantbrukare och andra aktörer som berörs av ekologisk produktion. I ömsesidig dialog mellan olika aktörer i deltagardrivna nätverk kan ny kunskap tas till vara samtidigt som resurserna på försöksgårdarna utnyttjas effektivare. Hypotesen var att de personer som berörs av verksamheten kan ta fram varaktiga lösningar för det regionala arbetet med ekologisk produktion och uthållig livsmedelsproduktion.Utifrån sex workshops, en på varje försöksgård,och en gemensam fältdag med diskussioner och fältvandring, tog man fram de frågeställningar och problemområden som var viktigast. Utifrån uppföljande samtal med deltagare från gårdarna om hur en möjlig stategisk plan skulle kunna se ut för arbetet kom projektet bl.a. fram till att man kan föra in något helt nytt i den ordinarie verksamheten om man tillåter flera personer att vara med under hela försökprocessen. Samtidigt finns problem med finansiering och tidsbrist som försvårar ett annat upplägg av genomförande och analyser. Ett konkret resultat av projektet är att flera gårdar börjat forma referensgrupper runt sig där lantbrukare, rådgivare och forskare ingår. Dessa grupper ska kunna påverka t.ex. försöksupplägg när man ansöker om medel till praktikernära försök. Deltagarna var i stort nöjda med projektet och positiva till en fortsättning av arbetssättet.
2008
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/10139/1/F%C3%B6rs%C3%B6ksg%C3%A5rdar_rapport.pdf
Rölin, Åsa and Svanäng, Karin (2008) Pilotprojekt, Deltagardriven forskning på försöksgårdar. [Pilot project, Participatory research on regional research farms.] Hushållningssällskapet i Värmland och Centrum för uthålligt lantbruk, SLU, Uppsala .
oai:orgprints.org:10150
2010-04-12T07:34:46Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:34736F6369616C
7375626A656374733D326661726D696E67:326661726D65636F6E
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10150/
What can research deliver for organic farming?
Atkinson, D
Systems research and participatory research
Social aspects
Farm economics
The research needs of any applied subject are always influenced by three major groups of criteria. These are the economic/political, the societal/ethical and the technical/scientific. This is especially the case for Organic Farming which explicitly sets out to present a positively value based approach to agriculture, an activity, which has commonly become dominated by the commercial economics of an industrial society. To maintain this ethical stance Organic Farming must challenge some of the tenets of conventional economics and politics and must work within the particular societal context. Its scientific needs are then driven either by the need to increase its role in terms of market share or the need to achieve its aims more effectively in respect of product quality and/or delivery of environmental goods. In this paper I examine the current opportunities for Organic Farming in relation to the present state of farming economics and the current expectations of society, considering both food production and the delivery of environmental services which are paid from the public purse, e.g. via the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). I use these criteria to analyse what are the current primary research needs in relation to the science and ethical base of Organic Agriculture.
Association of Applied Biologists
Atkinson, C
Ball, B
Davies, D H K
Rees, R
Russell, G
Stockdale, E A
Watson, C A
Walker, R
Younie, D
2006
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/10150/1/What_can_Research_deliver_for_Organic_Farming.pdf
Atkinson, D (2006) What can research deliver for organic farming? In: Atkinson, C; Ball, B; Davies, D H K; Rees, R; Russell, G; Stockdale, E A; Watson, C A; Walker, R and Younie, D (Eds.) Aspects of Applied Biology 79, What will organic farming deliver? COR 2006, Association of Applied Biologists, pp. 1-4.
oai:orgprints.org:10192
2010-04-12T07:34:48Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:35766567657461626C6573
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10192/
Innovation in organic vegetable growing
Rosenfeld, A
Firth, C
Systems research and participatory research
Vegetables
Innovation is essential to allow organic vegetable growers to continue to develop in response to a changing market and environment. This paper examines uptake of innovations amongst a group of organic vegetable growers over a period of three years. The study revealed that innovations in a wide range of disciplines were carried out and that both small and large farms were active in pioneering innovations. The drivers behind innovation and the various factors infl uencing uptake and implementation were varied and complex and are discussed here.
Association of Applied Biologists
Atkinson, C
Ball, B
Davies, D H K
Rees, R
Russell, G
Stockdale, E A
Watson, C A
Walker, R
Younie, D
2006
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/10192/1/Innovation_in_organic_vegetable_growing.pdf
Rosenfeld, A and Firth, C (2006) Innovation in organic vegetable growing. In: Atkinson, C; Ball, B; Davies, D H K; Rees, R; Russell, G; Stockdale, E A; Watson, C A; Walker, R and Younie, D (Eds.) Aspects of Applied Biology 79, What will organic farming deliver? COR 2006, Association of Applied Biologists, pp. 103-106.
oai:orgprints.org:10193
2010-04-12T07:34:48Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3977656564
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10193/
Knowledge development for organic systems: An example of weed management
Davies, G
Turner, R
Bond, B
Gibbon, D
Systems research and participatory research
Weed management
Education, extension and communication
Despite the large amount information on weed biology and specific weed control measures produced by researchers, organic farmers still prioritise weeds as an important area for further research. A recent project investigating weed management in organic farming systems has established that knowledge and learning are key requirements for this to be effective. Development of relevant, practically useful knowledge depends on access to information generated ‘scientifically’ by researchers and also to knowledge generated as a result of farmer experience with weeds. This requires that farmers, advisors and researchers take a participatory approach to collecting and processing information on weed management, using it to develop new and relevant knowledge. The appropriate framework for knowledge development is thus a collegiate one in which all stakeholders’ value and learn from the observations and experience of others. These findings have implications for the way in which research is conducted and funded.
Association of Applied Biologists
Atkinson, C
Ball, B
Davies, D H K
Rees, R
Russell, G
Stockdale, E A
Watson, C A
Walker, R
Younie, D
2006
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/10193/1/Knowledge_development_for_organic_systems_-_An_example_of_weed_management.pdf
Davies, G; Turner, R; Bond, B and Gibbon, D (2006) Knowledge development for organic systems: An example of weed management. In: Atkinson, C; Ball, B; Davies, D H K; Rees, R; Russell, G; Stockdale, E A; Watson, C A; Walker, R and Younie, D (Eds.) Aspects of Applied Biology 79, What will organic farming deliver? COR 2006, Association of Applied Biologists, pp. 107-110.
oai:orgprints.org:10202
2010-04-12T07:34:49Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:38706C616E746865616C7468
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:3263726F70636F6D62
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10202/
Plants for predators - a participatory experiment
Sievwright, H C
Sutton, G L
Rosenfeld, A
Crop health, quality, protection
Systems research and participatory research
Crop combinations and interactions
Encouraging natural enemies by growing attractant plants is a highly effective method of pest control in organic systems. However, it is important to establish which plants are most effective at attracting benefi cial insects. Experiments were carried out by 179 HDRA members, who grew four plant species (Coriander, Corn Marigold, Fennel and Phacelia) in their gardens and allotments. Over the course of the growing season, assessments were made on the growth and flowering of the plants and the presence of four key groups of beneficial insect (ladybirds, hoverflies, lacewings and parasitic wasps). Phacelia established quickly and its long flowering period meant it attracted insects throughout the summer. However, Phacelia was only the most attractive plant at the end of the season and insects preferred the other trial plants when they were in flower. Results highlight the importance of growing a range of flowering plants to provide resources for beneficials throughout their activity period.
Association of Applied Biologists
Atkinson, C
Ball, B
Davies, D H K
Rees, R
Russell, G
Stockdale, E A
Watson, C A
Walker, R
Younie, D
2006
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/10202/1/Plants_for_predators_-_a_participatory_experiment.pdf
Sievwright, H C; Sutton, G L and Rosenfeld, A (2006) Plants for predators - a participatory experiment. In: Atkinson, C; Ball, B; Davies, D H K; Rees, R; Russell, G; Stockdale, E A; Watson, C A; Walker, R and Younie, D (Eds.) Aspects of Applied Biology 79, What will organic farming deliver? COR 2006, Association of Applied Biologists, pp. 121-124.
oai:orgprints.org:10207
2010-04-12T07:34:49Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:38706C616E746865616C7468
7375626A656374733D34706C616E74:31706C616E7470726F64:3363657265616C73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10207/
Developing a partcipatory approach to seed production and varietal selection
Jones, H
Clarke, S M
Haigh, Z
Hinchsliffe, K
Wolfe, M S
Thomas, J
Gibbon, D
Harris, F
Lyon, F
Crop health, quality, protection
Cereals, pulses and oilseeds
Systems research and participatory research
The performance of UK winter wheat varieties was tested under organic conditions involving farmer participation. Three breadmaking varieties (Hereward, Solstice and Xi19) and their mixture (1:1:1) were grown at 19 UK farms in 2003/04 and 2004/05. The variability of productivity on organic farms was illustrated with more variation among farm sites than among varieties. Seed health was generally high over all sites. Although the trials were successful, more time was needed at project initiation to improve farmer involvement. Some farmers expected more researcher visits, and were reticent about assessing the trials themselves. In contrast, some participants valued the variety performance data on their farms particularly when related to that of other growers. The balance between the goals of the researchers relative to the farmers needs to be defined at project initiation.
Association of Applied Biologists
Atkinson, C
Ball, B
Davies, D H K
Rees, R
Russell, G
Stockdale, E A
Watson, C A
Walker, R
Younie, D
2006
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/10207/1/Developing_a_particpatory_approach_to_seed_production_and_varietal_selection.pdf
Jones, H; Clarke, S M; Haigh, Z; Hinchsliffe, K; Wolfe, M S; Thomas, J; Gibbon, D; Harris, F and Lyon, F (2006) Developing a partcipatory approach to seed production and varietal selection. In: Atkinson, C; Ball, B; Davies, D H K; Rees, R; Russell, G; Stockdale, E A; Watson, C A; Walker, R and Younie, D (Eds.) Aspects of Applied Biology 79, What will organic farming deliver? COR 2006, Association of Applied Biologists, pp. 135-138.
oai:orgprints.org:10307
2010-04-12T07:34:55Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:327365637572697479
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
7375626A656374733D35736F696C:31736F696C7175616C:32736F696C62696F6C
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E:357472616E73666572
7375626A656374733D656E7669726F6E6D656E74:3762696F646976657273697479
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10307/
Commercial plant-probiotic microorganisms for sustainable organic tomato production systems
Bosco, Marco
Giovannetti, Giusto
Picard, Christine
Baruffa, Elisa
Brondolo, Anna
Sabbioni, Fabio
Food security, food quality and human health
Systems research and participatory research
Education, extension and communication
Soil biology
Technology transfer
Biodiversity and ecosystem services
Selected plant-probiotic microorganisms, produced by the company CCS Aosta at a commercial scale, are being tested in the Italian Padana plain in open field conditions for their ability to provide adequate crop nutrition and to ensure durable soil fertility for organic tomato production. In this three-years-long project the QLIF-WP333 research team will investigate the potential of soil probiotics management as a tool to improve the quality of tomato fruits and the sustainability of organic tomato production systems.
2007
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/10307/1/bosco-etal-2007-commercial_plant-probiotic.pdf
Bosco, Marco; Giovannetti, Giusto; Picard, Christine; Baruffa, Elisa; Brondolo, Anna and Sabbioni, Fabio (2007) Commercial plant-probiotic microorganisms for sustainable organic tomato production systems. Poster at: 3rd QLIF Congress: Improving Sustainability in Organic and Low Input Food Production Systems, University of Hohenheim, Germany, March 20-23, 2007.
oai:orgprints.org:10373
2010-04-12T07:34:58Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:39656475636174696F6E
74797065733D70726F63656564696E6773
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10373/
1er Encuentro latinoamericano y del caribe de productoras y productores experimentadores y de investigadores en agricultura orgánica, 26 al 29 de septiembre de 2006, Managua, Nicaragua. Memorias de resúmenes
Garibay, Salvador V.
Jyoti, Katke
Systems research and participatory research
Education, extension and communication
Presentación
En octubre del 2005 se llevó a cabo en Chapingo, México, el Tercer Encuentro Mesoamericano y del Caribe de Productores Experimentadores y de Investigadores en Producción Orgánica. Durante este evento se decidió ampliar el encuentro a todo Latinoamérica con la finalidad de compartir las experiencias con Sudamérica.
Dando seguimiento a los acuerdos asumidos en México, el Comité Organizador, integrado por diversas organizaciones e instituciones comprometidas con la producción orgánica, convoca al Primer Encuentro Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Productoras, Productores Experimentadores y de Investigadores en Agricultura Orgánica en Managua, Nicaragua del 26 al 29 de Septiembre del 2006. El evento tiene los objetivos de:
Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland
Ochoa, Gregorio Varela
Garibay, Salvador
Weidmann, Gilles
2006
Proceedings
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/10373/1/ochoa-etal-2006-encuentro.pdf
Ochoa, Gregorio Varela; Garibay, Salvador and Weidmann, Gilles (Eds.) (2006) 1er Encuentro latinoamericano y del caribe de productoras y productores experimentadores y de investigadores en agricultura orgánica, 26 al 29 de septiembre de 2006, Managua, Nicaragua. Memorias de resúmenes. [First Latin American and Carribbean Meeting of Organic Producers and Researchers, held September 26-28, 2006 in Managua, Niccaragua. Summary of the Presentations.] Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland. Proceedings of 1er Encuentro latinoamericano y del caribe de productoras y productores experimentadores y de investigadores en agricultura orgánica, Managua, Niccaragua, September 26-28, 2006.
oai:orgprints.org:10755
2021-07-22T12:40:10Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D6A6F75726E616C70
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10755/
Effects of Potentised Substances on Growth Kinetics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Scherr, Claudia
Baumgartner, Stephan
Spranger, Jörg
Simon, Meinhard
Systems research and participatory research
Background: Homeopathic potencies are used as specific remedies in complementary medicine. Since the mode of action is unknown, the presumed specificity is discussed controversially.
Objective: This study investigated the effects of potentised substances on two yeast species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, in a stable and reliable test system with systematic negative controls. Materials and Methods:
Yeast cells were cultivated in either potentised substances or water controls in microplates and their growth kinetics were measured photometrically. Water control runs were performed repeatedly to investigate the stability of the experimental set-up (systematic negative controls). Results: 4 out of 14 screened substances seem to have affected the growth curve parameters slope or yield. Out of these substances, azoxystrobin and phosphorus were chosen for 8 further replication experiments, which partly confirmed the results of the screening. On the average of all experiments, azoxystrobin affected the slope of the growth curve of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (p < 0.05), and phosphorus affected the slope of the growth curve of Schizosaccharomyces
pombe (p < 0.05). No effects were seen in the water control runs. In addition, significant interactions between treatment with potentised substances and experiment number were observed in all experiments with potentised substances (p < 0.01), but not in the water control runs. Conclusions: Both yeast species reacted to certain potentised substances by changing their growth kinetics. However, the interactions found point to additional factors of still unknown nature, that modulate the effects of potentised substances. This stable test system with yeasts may be suitable for further studies regarding the efficacy of homeopathic potencies.
S. Karger GmbH, Freiburg
2006
Journal paper
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
de
/id/eprint/10755/1/Scherr-etal-2006-forsch.komplementaermed.pdf
Scherr, Claudia; Baumgartner, Stephan; Spranger, Jörg and Simon, Meinhard (2006) Effects of Potentised Substances on Growth Kinetics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Forschende Komplementärmedizin, 13, pp. 298-306.
oai:orgprints.org:10988
2010-04-12T07:35:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D3676616C756573:726567756C6174696F6E
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D316F7267616E696373:6F7267616E6963732D636F756E7472696573:636F756E74726965732D756B
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10988/
Focus groups of value concepts of producers: National Report UK
Padel, Susanne
Deane, Joanne
Regulation
Systems research and participatory research
United Kingdom
The Organic Revision project was funded by the EU with the aim of supporting the further development of the EU Regulation 2092/91 on organic production. As part of the project focus groups were run in five European countries on value concepts of organic producers and other stakeholders, during 2004-2005. The project aims to provide an overview of values held among organic stakeholders, and of similarities and differences among the various national and private organic standards.
In the UK, three focus groups with producers were carried out, one in England and
two in Wales. Two of these groups were with established producers and one group were newly converted producers. A further focus group was held with researchers and professionals from Organic Centre Wales.
Overall, this survey showed that in 2004/05 the UK organic sector was characterised by slowed down growth in both retail sales and conversion, a heavy reliance on multiple retailers as the main outlets with negative impact on farm gate prices, a higher supply than demand in some livestock markets. On the other hand there appears to be a growing interest in direct sales and local food and efforts to diversify into different sales channels. Few studies have investigated the values of organic producers in the UK, but several have looked at the motivation to convert. There are indications that motives for organic producers have changed to some degree. In the first surveys improvements to husbandry were mentioned by the majority of producers, in later studies the environment and financial considerations appear more important, but the reasons for this change are not fully understood, but external circumstances have also changed. It also appears that organic producers are not homogenous in relation to their attitudes with factors such as farm type and marketing channel, explaining some of the observed differences.
2005-05
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/10988/1/WP23_UK_Report1.pdf
Padel, Susanne and Deane, Joanne (2005) Focus groups of value concepts of producers: National Report UK. EEC 2092/91 (Organic Revision Internal Project Report), no. Related to D 2.1. University of Wales, Aberystwyth , Institute of Rural Sciences.
oai:orgprints.org:10989
2022-03-16T15:17:51Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D3676616C756573:726567756C6174696F6E
7375626A656374733D316F7267616E696373:6F7267616E6963732D636F756E7472696573:636F756E74726965732D737769747A65726C616E64
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10989/
Focus groups of value concepts of producers: National Report Switzerland
Schmid, Otto
Kilchsperger, Rahel
Bodini, Antonella
Regulation
Switzerland
Systems research and participatory research
The Organic Revision project was funded by the EU with the aim of supporting the further development of the EU Regulation 2092/91 on organic production. As part of the project focus groups were run in five European countries on value concepts of organic producers and other stakeholders, during 2004-2005. The project aims to provide an overview of values held among organic stakeholders, and of similarities and differences among the various national and private organic standards.
In Switzerland, three group sessions were held with established organic farmers, two groups with newly converted organic farmers, one group involved experts from BIO SUISSE and one group was conducted with students from Agronomy, Environmental Sciences and Geography faculties of Zurich.
The following conclusions were reached: Almost all participants were engaged in organic agriculture based on a certain believe or because they just like organic farming. Not only farmers had strong concerns with regard to the current development. The discussion about the basic values and the over-arching principles of organic agriculture were seen as very positive and a move in the right direction.
The health of the ecosystem were in the discussions several times a fundamental value.
Fair trading conditions were seen for many participants as a core issue. The producers did see the maintenance of their family farm and the farm succession as major issue. Many farmers were against an industrialisation of agriculture and against a too strong commercialisation of their products. Several farmers and several groups mentioned the problem of the lack of solidarity between farmers. Solidarity should get more importance in the future. Several farmers wished that there will be better cooperation between farmers and market actors as well as a better common strategy with a clear concept.
Another issue was a truthful and careful processing, which is also for farmers very relevant. The farmers as well as the experts found that the added value of the production, the ideologic content of the products, and as well as the special intrinsic quality of the products are very important. Furthermore farmers and experts were in favour of “100 % entirely supply and market chains with only organic product, where not only the producers but also the trader and sales staff is convinced of organic agriculture. Many producers found that the communication with costumers, in particular public relation, will be important to survive on a competitive market and must be improved.
A secure livelihood, surviving on he market and the strong workload were for many producers a major issues. Another central discussion point was the overregulation and inspection. Not only the producers but all main actors wished that the standard/rules are more comprehensive and the inspection work less bureaucratic. This issue is highly relevant not only for organic farmers.
Experts saw a potential for an adaptation of the standards. In particular the health of the Ecosystem and the regionality are seen as key topics.
2005-06
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/10989/1/WP23_CH_Report1.pdf
Schmid, Otto; Kilchsperger, Rahel and Bodini, Antonella (2005) Focus groups of value concepts of producers: National Report Switzerland. EEC 2092/91 (Organic Revision Internal Project Report), no. Related to D 2.1. Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, CH-Frick .
oai:orgprints.org:10990
2010-04-12T07:35:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D3676616C756573:726567756C6174696F6E
7375626A656374733D316F7267616E696373:6F7267616E6963732D636F756E7472696573:636F756E74726965732D61757374726961
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10990/
Fokusgruppen zu den Wertvorstellungen von Bio-Bauern Nationaler Bericht Österreich
Plakolm, Gerhard
Fromm, Elisabeth
Regulation
Austria
Systems research and participatory research
Summary
2006-02
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/10990/1/WP23_AUT_Report1.pdf
Plakolm, Gerhard and Fromm, Elisabeth (2006) Fokusgruppen zu den Wertvorstellungen von Bio-Bauern Nationaler Bericht Österreich. [Focus groups of values of producers: National Report Austria.] EEC 2092/91 (Organic Revision Internal Project Report), no. Related to D 2.1. HBLFA Raumberg-Gumpenstein .
oai:orgprints.org:10991
2010-04-12T07:35:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D3676616C756573:726567756C6174696F6E
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
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74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10991/
Focus groups of value concepts of producers: National Report Italy
Roviglioni, Raffaella
Regulation
Systems research and participatory research
Italy
The Organic Revision project was funded by the EU with the aim of supporting the further development of the EU Regulation 2092/91 on organic production. As part of the project focus groups were run in five European countries on value concepts of organic producers and other stakeholders, during 2004-2005. The project aims to provide an overview of values held among organic stakeholders, and of similarities and differences among the various national and private organic standards.
In Italy four focus groups were held, a pre-test with AIAB staff, a group of policy makers, a group of established organic producers and a group of newly converted producers.
The following conclusions were reached: The general impression is that there are three main values or areas which were considered important by all participants:
• food quality and health (safety)
• environment health and care
• livelihood.
Within the first issue, many detailed implications are included, starting from own health, consumers’ health, and so on, arriving to food safety, avoiding residues and link to regional or local territory. In this area, there were no significant differences between groups, perhaps only some personal point of view which could differ from one person to another; but generally speaking, this point was considered fundamental by all participants.
It is important to mention that many discussions and ideas were raised by the term “quality” which seems very meaningful depending also on who is related to. Interesting was the idea about the possibility of finding measurable parameters of food quality in order to make it more comprehensible for consumers.
More or less the same kind of considerations could be attributed to the value of environment health/care (which sometimes overlaps). In this case, we could say that virtually there was no real difference amongst participants, also in terms of personal values or points of view. The concept that organic farming is fundamental for preserving the environment and land it’s clear for all, and all of them agreed that this value should be strongly communicated to consumers.
Regarding the third value, ‘livelihood’, it is possible to affirm that it is a fundamental aspect either in farmers and policy makers. But to say if this has to be considered as a value, rather than a mere practical problem, it is difficult to assess. In our opinion, farmers did not expressed their financial concern as directly linked to organic farming; they were more likely complaining about an actual situation, that could also change in the future. They were not expecting livelihood to be included in the organic farming values.
Additional thinking over could be done on other minor areas, for their differences and peculiarities amongst participants. The issues of soil and animal welfare were discussed only by very few participants. The first one, was mentioned only by two cattle farmers in the experienced farmers group, having opposite ideas. The second one was cited only by two persons in two different groups. It seems that these matters are of secondary importance for Italian farmers and stakeholders. Or maybe, they are somehow included in other bigger areas.
Also, the area of professional pride was considered quite important by many participants, especially by the experienced group, which mentioned it from the beginning, including it in the associations and in the motives for their conversion to the organic sector. Another aspect that was shared by all of them was the disappointment in finding out that consumers do not recognize their role and their value, so their efforts for doing “the right thing” seem worthless sometimes.
Values under the ecological integrity area were yet discussed, but for sure were not considered relevant as others. Somebody focused on biodiversity, someone on energy consumption, but it was more a personal conviction moving these ideas than a typical characteristic. This is also demonstrated by the fact that there was not a clear connection between value importance and group category.
Last, but not least, the moral implications in organic farming were indicated by two women from two different producers groups, indicating perhaps that women could be more interested in ethical values also in their professional life.
2005
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/10991/1/WP23_IT_Report1.pdf
Roviglioni, Raffaella (2005) Focus groups of value concepts of producers: National Report Italy. EEC 2092/91 (Organic Revision Internal Project Report), no. Related to D 2.1. Associazione Italiana per l'Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), IT-Rome .
oai:orgprints.org:10992
2010-04-12T07:35:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D316F7267616E696373:6F7267616E6963732D636F756E7472696573:636F756E74726965732D6E65746865726C616E6473
7375626A656374733D3676616C756573:726567756C6174696F6E
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
74797065733D7265706F7274
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/10992/
Focus groups of value concepts of producers: National Report Netherlands
Langhout, J
Baars, T
Verhoog, H
Netherlands
Regulation
Systems research and participatory research
The Organic Revision project was funded by the EU with the aim of supporting the further development of the EU Regulation 2092/91 on organic production. As part of the project focus groups were run in five European countries on value concepts of organic producers and other stakeholders, during 2004-2005. The project aims to provide an overview of values held among organic stakeholders, and of similarities and differences among the various national and private organic standards.
In the Netherlands four focus groups were held, one pre-test with researchers, and three groups with established organic producers both of livestock and horticulture. It was not possible to recruit any newly converted producers to a meeting in the Netherlands.
The following conclusions were reached: Summarising the values in the words of the participants of these focus groups, organic agriculture could be defined as follows:
"Organic agriculture is about producing endlessly, with care and respect for humans, animals, plants and soil. Organic farmers produce healthy and tasty food without harming the environment or the development of others. Their farms and agriculture in general are
inter-connected with small and big world problems."
Overall there seem to be many similarities between the groups. Values related to all principles were discussed in all the groups; the differences observed were related to the different backgrounds.
The researchers spoke about their own experiences from work but also about their ideas from a consumer’s point of view. For the dairy farmers animal welfare was an important value while soil was more important to the arable farmers. Also with regard to the values nearness and proximity, differences between arable and dairy farmers seemed to reflect their daily practice. Arable farmers are faced with an anonymous market, with high and changing quality standards of the trade, and regard local production and consumption as a solution to their problems. The other groups of farmers also support this quest for another economic system. The researchers mention the unrealistic ideas of consumers concerning organic agriculture and they wonder how to make consumers more aware. The farmers would like to educate the consumer more, also about the relation of production in their country compared with production and development elsewhere. The farmers see the inter-connectedness of agriculture with income and development in developing countries very clearly and for some this was an important argument to convert. The farmers have a great feeling of responsibility for the world (ecologically and socially). For all of them the intentions are more important than the norms.
On the basis of the coding, it appears that values in relation to three principles were most important in the discussion. These are the ecology principle, holism and systems approach and professional pride, in order of importance. The following values were mentioned in relation to the principle of ecology: Recycling (the cycle) and saving energy were of major importance and nature conservation or nature integration on the farm was an important aim for some farmers. Co-operation between arable and animal production is seen as a very important means to close the cycle. And in the Netherlands with far going specialisation of farms this is sometimes a real challenge. Conflicts with the economy easily arise but also conflicts with national legislation restrict the farmers in their development. The values itself are not experienced as restricting. All groups except for the arable farmers see a combination and balance of all principles as important in the future. Arable farmers see the soil as most important and other values as complementary. All groups of experienced farmers were worried about new converters, who seem to stick to the minimum values, as a threat to their profession. All participants seem to have the feeling to be part of the good guys and are being recognised by society in that way. They are proud of their profession and the sector. For the continuation of the sector a clear distinction from conventional agriculture is needed, but they are not afraid that conventional moves in the direction of organic.
For the future, steady development and growth is preferred above fast growth. Others should also get the chance and time to develop in the way they did, but the new converters should not decrease the credibility of organic. Therefore, acceptable minimum rules should do justice to the values held by the sector as a whole.
2006-01
Report
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/10992/1/WP23_NL_Report1.pdf
Langhout, J; Baars, T and Verhoog, H (2006) Focus groups of value concepts of producers: National Report Netherlands. EEC 2092/91 Organic Revision Internal Project Report), no. Related to D 2.1. Louis Bolk Institute LBI, NL-Driebergen .
oai:orgprints.org:11000
2010-04-12T07:35:25Z
7374617475733D707562
7375626A656374733D6B6E6F776C65646765:397265736561726368:3273797374656D73
7375626A656374733D37666F6F64:356D61726B657473
7375626A656374733D3676616C756573:37636F6E73756D6572
74797065733D636F6E666572656E63655F6974656D
https://orgprints.org/id/eprint/11000/
Consumer attitudes in North-west England to organic and regional food
Padel, S
Systems research and participatory research
Markets and trade
Consumer issues
The market for organic foods in the UK is considered to be one of the leading ones in Europe, and world-wide is estimated to have a value of £1 billion (SA, 2003). The main reason why consumers buy organic food is considered to be health benefits, followed by taste. Of growing importance also are concerns for the environment and animal welfare, but these more altruistic concerns remain less important then personal ones. The rapid increase of demand for organic food over the last few years is seen to be the result of various food-scares (Farodoye, 1999; MINTEL, 1999; SA, 1999; Datamonitor, 2002). The development of the market appears, therefore, driven primarily by consumers, but retailers, especially the multiples, have had a key role in furthering growth, promoting products, increasing range and aiding farmers to convert. The majority of what are considered to be "heavy" organic buyers are in Greater London and the South East.
Organic farming is also frequently associated with the promotion of food production and short supply chains, i.e. consumption close to the place of production. This implies that organic food must be purchased by consumers in rural areas near to where most of it is grown, and last year the sales of organic food through farmers' markets, box schemes and farm shops reached a dynamic growth rate of nearly 30 per cent, higher than the organic sector as whole. However, most organic food in the UK remains purchased through supermarkets (SA, 2003). Consumer studies do not differentiate between urban and rural consumers, so that the available knowledge reflects general, rather than specific, trends.
This paper present results of a series of focus groups carried out in North-west England in the city of Lancaster, in order to supplement existing survey knowledge of consumer attitudes to organic food in relation to more rural areas and attitudes to organic marketing initiatives. The work was carried out as part of a larger EU-funded project on Organic Marketing Initiatives and Rural Development (OMIaRD QLK5-2000-01124), in support of a case study of one Organic Marketing Initiative in the region.
British Grassland Society
Hopkins, A
2004
Conference paper, poster, etc.
NonPeerReviewed
application/pdf
en
/id/eprint/11000/1/consumer_attitudes_in_north-west_england_to_organic_and_regional_food.pdf
Padel, S (2004) Consumer attitudes in North-west England to organic and regional food. In: Hopkins, A (Ed.) Organic farming: science and practice for profitable livestock and cropping. Occasional Symposium of the British Grassland Society, British Grassland Society (37), pp. 35-38.
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