title: Environmental targets and shadow prices of bad outputs in organic and conventional farming
creator: Huhtala, Anni
creator: Marklund, Per-Olov
subject:  Environmental aspects
description: The shadow prices can be used as indicators of the costs of environmental regulation imposed as reflected in alternative farming technologies adopted. We illustrate our analytical findings with implications of the Finnish water protection policy measures on conventional and organic livestock farms over the period 1994-2002. Generally, the representative organic farm is found to be more technically efficient relative to its own technology than is the conventional representative farm. However, there is no statistical indication of a difference between these two particular representative farms in valuing the costs of undesirable output (manure) at the margin.
publisher: The European Association of Agricultural Economists EAAE
date: 2005
type: Conference paper, poster, etc. 
type: NonPeerReviewed
format: application/pdf
identifier: http://orgprints.org/8448/1/eaae1.pdf
identifier: Huhtala, Anni and Marklund, Per-Olov (2005) Environmental targets and shadow prices of bad outputs in organic and conventional farming. The future of rural Europe in the global agri-food system : the XIth international congress of European Association of Agricultural Economists EAAE, Copenhagen, Denmark, 24-27 August 2005.
relation: http://orgprints.org/8448/