?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Focus+groups+of+value+concepts+of+organic+producers+and+other+stakeholders&rft.creator=Padel%2C+Susanne&rft.subject=+Food+systems&rft.subject=+Values%2C+standards+and+certification&rft.subject=+Social+aspects&rft.description=The+report+aims+to+contribute+to+a+better+knowledge+and+understanding+of+basic+ethical+values+of+organic+agriculture.+It+identifies+basic+values+and+value+differences+among+a+range+of+stakeholders+in+Europe+and+provides+some+recommendation+for+further+development+of+the+EU+regulation+2092%2F91.+%0D%0AA+total+of+25+focus+group+discussions+of+approx.+2+hours+with+between+4+and+15+participants+were+held+in+five+European+countries.+The+common+discussion+guide+covered+first+associations+with+the+word+organic%2C+personal+involvement+with+the+organic+sector%2C+values+important+for+the+organic+sector+now+and+in+the+future+and+value-conflicts.+The+analysis+explored+differences+between+the+regions%2C+and+between+established+and+more+recently+converted+producers%2C+and+contrasted+the+results+with+other+stakeholders%2C+especially+the+values+of+consumers+from+the+OMIaRD++project.+%0D%0AUnprompted+producers+associated+health%2C+sustainability+and+professional+challenge+with+organic+farming+in+all+countries.+In+most+of+the+also+farming+naturally+and+minimal+use+of+external+inputs+were+mentioned.+Producers%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%99+motives+for+conversion+to+organic+farming+were+similar+to+those+reported+in+other+studies+with+mixture+of+internal+and+external+factors+appearing+important.+The+widely+held+view+that+new+entrants+convert+only+for+financial+reasons+and+do+not+engage+with+values+of+organic+agriculture+could+not+be+confirmed.+However%2C+the+longer-established+producers+seemed+more+familiar+with+some+%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%9Corganic+farming%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%9D+theories+(cylcle+of+health)+suggesting+a+challenge+for+the+sector+that+new+entrants+have+access+to+these+ideas.%0D%0AIn+all+countries%2C+food+quality+and+health%2C+environmental+protection%2C+and+limiting+resource+use+were+seen+as+important+values+for+the+organic+sector.+Economic+pressures+and+a+downward+trend+for+organic+prices+were+seen+as+preventing+producers+from+realising+all+of+their+organic+values%2C+especially+in+larger+trading+structures+and+globalised+markets.+Limiting+the+use+of+non-renewable+resources%2C+particularly+energy+sources%2C+avoiding+contamination+with+GMOs%2C+fair+or+cost-covering+prices+were+values+expected+to+be+important+for+organic+farming+in+the+future.+%0D%0AThe+report+contrast+the+values+identified+with+the+principles+of+organic+agriculture+of+IFOAM.+It+is+concluded+that+many+stakeholders+associate+organic+farming+with+health%2C+low+residues+and+healthy+products.+Environmental+and+ecological+values+are+important+to+all+stakeholders.+Organic+farming+is+associated+with+sustainability+of+agriculture%2C+and+social+justice+is+likely+to+become+a+more+important+value+in+the+future.+Animal+health+and+welfare+appeared+important+to+consumer%2C+other+stakeholders+and+recently+converted+producers.+Both+producers+and+consumers+preferred+regional+organic+networks+for+a+number+of+reasons+but+recognised+limitations.+For+many+participants+the+systems-oriented+approach+of+organic+farming+represented+a+fundamental+difference+to+conventional+agriculture.+The+report+concludes+with+a+number+of+recommendations+in+relation+to+principles+and+values+for+revision+of+the+EU+Regulation+2092%2F91.+%0D%0A&rft.date=2005-12&rft.type=Report&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2F6524%2F1%2FD21_FOCUS_GROUPS_ON_VALUES1.pdf&rft.identifier=Padel%2C+Susanne+(2005)+Focus+groups+of+value+concepts+of+organic+producers+and+other+stakeholders.+EEC+2092%2F91+(Organic+Revision+Project+Reports)%2C+D+2.1.&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2F6524%2F