?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Einsatz+von+Mykorrhizen+im+Feldbau+und+in+Spezialkulturen&rft.subject=+Crop+husbandry&rft.description=State+of+the+Art%3A%0D%0AIn+this+project%2C+bio-inoculants+(arbuscular+mycorrhizal+fungi%3A+AMF+and+plant+growth+promoting+bacteria%3A+PGPR)+will+be+integrated+in+legume+and+manure-based+wheat-pulse+rotations.+FiBL+will+contribute+to+the+new+ISCB+project+phase+by+field+research+and+by+training+of+Indian+researchers+in+Switzerland+in+the+domain+of+organic+farming.+Moreover%2C+FiBL+will+support+sustainable+agri-system+design+in+India+and+assist+in+the+co-ordination+of+the+field+research.+Finally%2C+FiBL+will+have+a+bridging+function+between+Indian+and+Swiss+research+activities+by+maintaining+Indian+inoculants+on+Indian+plant+cultivars+in+the+glass+house+in+natural+soils%2C+which+will+be+used+for+the+development+of+molecular+tools+for+monitoring+AMF+and+PGPR.%0D%0A%0D%0AIn+the+previous+studies+of+ISCB+SA+6+and+SA+7%2C+some+strains+of+AMF+and+PGPR+have+been+pre-selected+mainly+for+their+plant+growth+stimulation+under+green+house+conditions.+Here%2C+the+most+promising+strains+will+be+evaluated+under+low-input+farming+conditions.+In+a+field+experiment+in+Switzerland%2C+the+rotation+will+consist+of+winter+wheat+followed+by+a+vegetable+and+soybean%2C+which+are+either+under-sown+or+inter-cropped+by+green+manure+or+fertilised+by+organic+manure.+The+plants+will+be+inoculated+either+in+the+field+or+in+the+seeding+substrate+in+the+nursery.+Similar+experiments+will+be+performed+in+India+in+wheat-pulse+and+wheat-rice+systems.+The+agronomic+and+economical+performance+of+the+systems+will+be+assessed.+Further%2C+soil+quality+will+be+measured.%0D%0A%0D%0AIt+is+foreseen+that+Indian+researchers+are+involved+in+the+experiments+in+Switzerland+and+work+for+at+least+six+months+in+the+FiBL+crew+during+the+season.+In+parallel+to+the+field+experiments+conducted+in+Switzerland%2C+Indian+researchers+will+develop+sustainable+low-input+farming+systems+using+bio-inoculants.+FiBL+will+support+this+process.%0D%0A%0D%0AFiBL+will+also+maintain+pot+cultures+of+Indian+AMF+and+PGPR+strains%2C+which+are+inoculated+on+Indian+cultivars+in+natural+soils.+This+pot+cultures+will+be+used+by+the+project+partners+for+a+pre-evaluation+of+molecular+monitoring+tools%2C+before+the+technology+will+be+transferred+to+India.%0D%0A%0D%0AIn+the+first+six+month+months%2C+FiBL+activities+will+concentrate+in+mass+multiplication+of+AMF+and+inoculation+experiments+under+real+farm+conditions.+Larger+scale+field+research+will+be+performed+in+the+next+two+growing+seasons.+These+activities+have+a+strong+demonstration+character%2C+since+Indian+researchers+will+be+involved.+The+project+duration+is+29+month%2C+starting+in+May+2005.%0D%0A%0D%0AThe+planned+outputs+are+optimised%2C+self-sufficient%2C+self-regulated+wheat-pulse+systems+in+Switzerland+and+India%2C+which+are+less+dependent+on+external+inputs+such+as+nitrogen+and+pesticides.+The+experiences+with+the+newly+developed+agri-systems+will+be+transferred+to+farmers.+The+benefits+of+the+project+outcome+are+not+only+expected+in+terms+of+resource+allocation+and+environmentally+friendly+production.+We+assume+that+marginal+farmers+will+be+able+to+produce+crops+less+costly.+Moreover+the+nutrition+of+farmer+families+is+anticipated+to+ameliorate+by+the+cultivation+of+more+diverse+crops.%0D%0ADefinition+of+the+problem%3A%0D%0AIn+low+input+systems+external+input+of+nutrients+is+limited.+There+is+little+scientific+proof+of+so+called+bio-fertilsers+(bio-inoculants)+under+farming+practices.%0D%0AProject+aims%3A%0D%0ATo+develop+mycorrhizal+inocula+for+low+input+systems.%0D%0AMethodology%3A%0D%0AMass+multiplication+of+mycorrhizal+strains%2C+assessment+of+mycorrhizal+infection+potential+of+inocula%2C+quantification+of+root+colonisation%2C+bioassay+in+glass+house+to+test+responsiveness+of+test+plants+to+mycorrhizal+inoculation%2C+field+evaluation.%0D%0AResults%2C+conclusion%2C+state+of+the+art%3A%0D%0AIn+previous+project%2C+funded+by+the+BLE+(gGermany)+we+have+tested+mycorrhizal+inocula+in+vegetable+and+ornamental+plants.+Here+the+results+are+briefly+summarised%3A%0D%0A%0D%0AUse+of+mycorrhizal+fungi+and+high+quality+composts+for+seedling+production+in+organic+vegetable+and+ornamental+farming+%0D%0AResearch+project+B%C3%83%C2%96L%2FBLE+at+BMVEL+no.+02OE306%0D%0A%0D%0ATo+introduce+high+quality+composts+and+arbuscular+mycorrhizal+fungi+(AMF)+for+exacting+seedling+production+in+organic+farming+the+following+main+questions+have+to+be+answered%3A%0D%0A-%09What+is+an+optimum+share+of+compost+in+a+substrate%3F%0D%0A-%09Is+a+colonisation+of+seedlings+in+compost+substrate+with+AMF+possible+and+how+can+it+be+done+successfully%3F%0D%0A-%09How+do+AMF+affect+growth%2C+health%2C+flowering+and+nutrient+uptake+of+vegetable+and+ornamental+plants+during+seedling+production+and+in+the+field%3F%0D%0A-%09What+is+the+diversity+of+native+AMF+in+selected+experimental+plots+and+how+can+we+assess+the+success+of+an+AMF+inoculation+in+the+field%3F%0D%0AComposts+produced+during+project+work+did+not+contain+infectious+AMF.+When+added+to+white+peat+at+20+to+40+%25+(v%2Fv)%2C+the+effect+on+plant+growth+and+health+was+better+or+at+least+the+same+compared+with+common+horticultural+substrates+(Klasmann).+Different+commercial+AMF+(comp.+Triton%2C+Plantworks%2C+Biorize)+and+AMF+of+the+University+of+Basel+were+used+and+tested+in+compost+substrates+and+in+the+field.+As+a+result%2C+it+became+obvious+that%0D%0A-%09an+infection+of+Pelargonium%2C+Poinsettia%2C+leak%2C+strawberry+and+lettuce+is+possible%2C+%0D%0A-%09growth+(leak%2C+strawberry%2C+Pelargonium%2C+Poinsettia)+and+flowering+(Pelargonium)+were+improved%2C+%0D%0A-%09nutrient+contents+(P%2C+N%2C+K%2C+Zn%2C+Cu)+increased+partially%2C%0D%0A-%09Pythium+ultimum+disease+in+peas+(model)+was+successfully+suppressed+and+compost+induced+an+additional+significant+reduction+of+the+disease%0D%0A-%09in+the+field+no+significant+shift+of+the+spectrum+of+the+native+AMF+species+was+detected+after+AMF+inoculation%2C%0D%0A-%09selected+AMF+strains+of+the+Basel+University+promoted+plant+growth+better+than+commercial+products.%0D%0APositive+effects+depended+on+the+specific+AMF+used.+They+were+not+reproducible+at+all+locations+(FiBL%2C+F%C3%83%C2%96L%2C+IGZ).%0D%0A%0D%0A%0D%0A%0D%0A&rft.type=Project+description&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2F6257%2F1%2Ffibl-projekt-anbautechnik-pflanzenbau-mykorrhiza-gemuese-zierpflanzen.pdf&rft.identifier=%7BProject%7D+Einsatz+von+Mykorrhizen+im+Feldbau+und+in+Spezialkulturen.+[Use+of+mycorrhizal+inocula+in+field+and+horticultural+crops.]+Runs+2005+-+2007.+Project+Leader(s)%3A+M%C3%83%C2%A4der%2C+Paul%2C+Research+Institute+of+Organic+Agriculture+(FiBL)%2C+CH-5070+Frick.+More+information+online+at+%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fiscb.epfl.ch%2F+%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fiscb.epfl.ch%2F%3E%3E.&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2F6257%2F