?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Einfluss+von+biologisch-dynamischen+Pr%C3%83%C2%A4paraten%2C+D%C3%83%C2%BCngung+und+Bodenbearbeitung+auf+Bodenfruchtbarkeit+und+Ertrag%0D%0A&rft.subject=+Boden&rft.subject=+Bodenbearbeitung&rft.description=State+of+the+Art%3A%0D%0AOrganic+farming+systems+offer+many+benefits.+However%2C+these+systems+generally+use+mouldboard+ploughing.+Reduced+tillage+systems+provide+new+opportunities%2C+but+were+developed+under+conventional+farming+regimes+involving+the+use+of+chemicals.+Problems+with+weeds%2C+slugs+and+a+delay+in+soil+nitrogen+mineralisation+in+spring+are+difficult+to+solve+under+organic+farming+conditions.+Furthermore%2C+the+occurrence+of+fusaria+and+the+contamination+of+cereals+with+mycotoxins+have+frequently+been+associated+with+reduced+tillage+systems%2C+especially+in+wheat+following+maize+cultivation.+%0D%0A%0D%0AProject+aims+including+target+group%3A%0D%0AIn+the+present+study%2C+we+are+investigating+whether+the+use+of+newly+developed+machines%2C+in+combination+with+an+optimised+fertilisation+strategy+and+the+use+of+biodynamic+preparations+will+improve+the+sustainability+of+reduced+tillage+systems%2C+without+relying+on+synthetic+inputs.%0D%0A%0D%0AThe+target+groups+are+farmers+and+advisors.%0D%0A%0D%0AMethodology%3A%0D%0AThe+experimental+set-up+consists+of+a+three+factorial+filed+trial+with+four+replications.+The+following+parameters+are+measured%3A+Yield%2C+root+density%2C+crop+quality%2C+weed+infestation%2C+soil+organic+matter%2C+microbial+biomass%2C+dehydrogenase+activity%2C+mycorrhizal+root+colonisation%2C+earth+worm+biomass+and+abundance.%0D%0A%0D%0AResults%2C+conclusion%2C+state+of+the+art%3A%0D%0AIn+a+recently+started+long-term+field+trial+(2002+to+2011)%2C+located+in+Frick+(1000+mm+mean+annual+precipitation)+near+Basle+(Switzerland)%2C+the+effect+of+reduced+tillage+on+crop+yield%2C+weed+infestation%2C+and+occurrence+of+toxigenic+fusaria+was+studied+on+a+heavy+soil+(45%25+clay)+in+a+crop+rotation+under+organic+farming+conditions.+The+results+of+the+first+two+experimental+years+(2003-2004)%2C++considered+as+the+conversion+period+were%3A+Wheat+yield+was+16%25+higher+(p+%3C+0.001)+in+ploughed+plots+than+in+the+plots+with+reduced+tillage+(chisel+and+rotary+harrow).+In+the+following+year%2C+sunflower+yield+was+enhanced+by+5%25+(p+%3D+0.06)+in+reduced+tilled+plots.+Reduced+tilled+plots+manifested+a+higher+weed+infestation%2C+in+particular+with+Convolvulus+arvensis+and+Stellaria+media.+With+the+exception+of+low+levels+of+Fusarium+poae%2C+no+toxigenic+fusaria+were+detected+in+wheat+grains+possibly+due+to+the+exceptionally+dry+and+hot+summer+2003.+The+deoxynivalenol+(DON)+content+was+low+in+all+treatments.+While+the+DON+content+in+wheat+straw+was+increased+after+reduced+tillage%2C+it+was+decreased+after+application+of+biodynamic+preparations+(p+%3C+0.05).+Overall%2C+we+assume+that+even+on+heavy+soils%2C+reduced+tillage+systems+may+be+applicable+on+organic+farms%2C+but+with+a+considerably+higher+input+of+labour.+The+soil+quality+is+investigated+now+intensively.%0D%0AIn+the+conversion+period+from+a+ploughed+to+a+reduced+tillage+system+under+organic+farming+conditions%2C+yields+decreased+in+the+first+year%2C+but+recovered+in+the+second+year.+This+can+be+interpreted+as+an+adaptation+of+the+soil+processes+to+lower+levels+of+mechanical+disturbance.+Although+our+results+are+based+on+two+seasons+only%2C+we+believe+that+reduced+tillage+might+be+applicable+even+on+very+heavy+soils+in+organic+farming%2C+but+with+a+considerably+higher+input+of+hand+weeding+compared+with+ploughing+systems.&rft.type=Projektbeschreibung+mit+Link+zur+Projekthomepage&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2F6203%2F1%2Ffibl-projekt-bodenwissenchaften-biodyn-praeparate.pdf&rft.identifier=%7BProjekt%7D+Pr%C3%83%C2%A4parateversuch+Frick%3A+Einfluss+von+biologisch-dynamischen+Pr%C3%83%C2%A4paraten%2C+D%C3%83%C2%BCngung+und+Bodenbearbeitung+auf+Bodenfruchtbarkeit+und+Ertrag.+[Effects+of+biodynamic+preparations%2C+fertilisation+and+reduced+tillage+on+crop+yield+and+soil+fertility.]+Laufzeit%3A+2002+-+2011.+Projekt+Projektleiter%2Fin%3A+Berner%2C+Alfred+und+M%C3%83%C2%A4der%2C+Paul%2C+Research+Institute+of+Organic+Agriculture+(FiBL)%2C+CH-5070+Frick.+Weitere+Informationen+online+unter%3A+%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.fibl.org%2Fde%2Fschweiz%2Fforschung%2Fbodenwissenschaften.html+%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.fibl.org%2Fde%2Fschweiz%2Fforschung%2Fbodenwissenschaften.html%3E%3E.&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2F6203%2F