?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Beurteilung+von+R%C3%83%C2%BCckst%C3%83%C2%A4nden+auf+Bioprodukten&rft.subject=+Food+security%2C+food+quality+and+human+health&rft.description=State+of+the+Art%3A+%0D%0AIn+organic+agriculture+the+use+of+synthetic+pesticides+is+not+allowed.+Both+the+EU+Regulation+and+the+IFOAM+Norms+are+based+on+a+certification+of+process%2C+not+on+special+qualities+for+the+products+that+are+a+result+of+this+process.+%0D%0AHowever%2C+in+some+cases+pesticide+residues+still+can+be+detected+on+fresh+and+processed+foods+even+thought+there+has+been+neither+an+infringement+nor+an+irregularity+in+respect+to+the+regulation.+%0D%0AContamination+sources+are+manifold+ranging+from+drift+situations+in+the+field%2C+inappropriate+separation+during+storage+and+processing+to+the+unexpected+such+as+phthalate+or+migration+of+other+compounds+into+food.+In+very+rare+cases%2C+deliberate+application+has+been+carried+out.+The+latter+case+is+sanctioned+when+proved+by+the+organic+control+bodies.%0D%0ADefinition+of+the+problem%3A%0D%0AThe+absence+or+presence+of+chemical+pesticide+residues+does+not+necessarily+indicate+if+a+product+has+been+produced+and+handled+in+accordance+with+the+requirements+for+organic+production.+However%2C+analysis+of+organic+products+is+one+of+the+complement+tools+that+can+be+used+to+verify+compliance.+%0D%0AThere+is+no+legal+foundation+which+tells+what+level+of+residues+can+still+be+accepted+in+order+to+claim+food+as+organic.+Even+if+a+residue+is+found+above+the+limit%2C+the+products+may+have+been+produced+in+accordance+with+the+standards.+And+the+other+way+round%2C+a+product+below+the+limit+would+not+necessarily+conform+to+all+standards.+%0D%0ATherefore+it+seems+not+appropriate+to+define+special+residue+limits+that+can+determine+if+the+requirements+for+organic+production+have+been+followed+or+not.+This+will+be+a+clear+contradiction+to+the+principle+of+the+organic+inspection+system+which+is+a+%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%98system%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%99+approach+focused+on+the+process+of+production+rather+than+regulating+the+outcome.%0D%0AConsumers+generally+expect+organic+food+to+be+produced+ecologically+and+in+a+way+in+which+they+can+trust.+They+further+expect+it+to+be+healthy%2C+and+not+or+less+contaminated+with+pesticides%2C+mycotoxins+or+other+unwanted+compounds.%0D%0A%0D%0AThe+occurrence+of+pesticide+residues+on+organic+foods+has+become+a+special+concern%2C+not+as+a+human+threat+but+in+terms+of+consumer+expectations.+The+introduction+of+more+sensitive+analytical+methods+reveals+more+organic+products+with+traces+of+minute+amounts+of+pesticides+that+are+not+allowed+in+organic+agriculture.%0D%0A%0D%0AHowever%2C+the+low+levels+of+contamination%2C+in+the+range+of+a+few+micrograms+per+kilogram%2C+do+not+harm+human+health.+When+residues+are+present%2C+they+are+usually+of+lower+incidence+and+lower+levels+than+residues+in+and+on+non-organically+produced+food.%0D%0A%0D%0AEfforts+to+prevent+carrying+off+of+pesticides+or+insufficient+separation+of+organic+and+non-organic+material+are+enormous+and+are+standard+procedure+in+organic+farming+and+processing+systems.+There+can+be+weak+points+throughout+food+supply+chains+in+terms+of+unintended+entry+pathways+of+pesticides+or+other+compounds.+The+organic+controlling+system+%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%93+which+is+based+upon+food+supply+chain+documentation+and+unannounced+sampling+for+pesticide+analysis%2C+as+well+as+upon+the+elaborated+sampling+plans+of+most+retailers+and+operations+%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%93+works+efficiently.%0D%0A%0D%0AFindings+of+spraying+of+organic+food+in+contravention+of+organic+production+standards+are+rare.+Most+of+the+cases+identified+can+be+related+to+weak+points+in+quality+assurance+systems+that+can+be+prevented+in+the+future.+%0D%0A%0D%0AIn+Switzerland%2C+there+is+the+unique+situation+that+most+of+the+cases+identified+are+investigated+individually+for+their+source+of+contamination+and+measures+are+elaborated+for+each+case.+FiBL+has+set+up+a+database+for+background+information+on+residue+levels+in+organic+and+non-organic+foods+and+the+causes+of+contamination.+Together+with+Swiss+organic+labels%2C+FiBL+has+elaborated+a+strategy+how+to+investigate+potential+weak+points+in+organic+quality+assurance+systems+for+e.g.+fungicides+in+wine+and+pest+control+in+storage+of+rice+and+cereals.%0D%0AProject+aims+including+target+group%3A%0D%0AInvestigation+of+residue+cases+in+terms+of+compliance+with+the+organic+regulation+as+well+as+prevention+of+such+contaminations+on+organic+food+and+feedstuff+in+the+future.%0D%0AInformation+of+involved+stakeholders+as+well+as+communication+of+problems+to+potential+stakeholders+also+are+an+important+part+of+the+project.+Stakeholders+comprise+farmers%2C+processors%2C+governmental+agencies%2C+label+organisations%2C+control+bodies%2C+as+well+as+consumers.%0D%0AInformation+platform+for+scientists%2C+consumers%2C+authorities+and+the+public.%0D%0AMethodology%3A%0D%0A-Risk+assessment+of+organic+food+and+feed+production+for+pesticides%2C+bacterias%2C+heavy+metal+and+other+contaminations.%0D%0A-Maintenance+of+database+with+residue+cases+and+their+contamination+sources%2C+including+data+on+organic+and+conventional+material+%0D%0A-Evaluation+of+residue+cases+based+on+plausibility+to+decide+if+there+was+compliance+with+the+regulations.%0D%0A-Literature+reviews%0D%0A-Monitoring+programs%0D%0AResults%2C+conclusion%2C+state+of+the+art%3A%0D%0ASeveral+leaflets+and+articles+have+been+published+which+indicate+ways+for+prevention+of+contaminations.%0D%0A%0D%0ALiterature%3A%0D%0ATopic+Organic+Wine%0D%0AWyss+GS%2C+Tamm+L%2C+H%C3%83%C2%A4seli+A.+2001.+Pestizidr%C3%83%C2%BCckst%C3%83%C2%A4nde+im+Biowein%3A+Wie+vermeiden%3F+FiBL+Merkblatt.+https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fibl.org%2Fshop%2Fpdf%2Fmb-pestizidrueckstaende.pdf.%0D%0AWyss%2C+G.S.+and+Tamm%2C+L.+(2001).+Pestizidspuren+im+Wein+(1)%3A+Kein+Grund+zur+Panik%2C+aber+Anlass+zum+Handeln.+bioaktuell+5%3A+4-5.%0D%0ASeiler%2C+K.%2C+Wyss%2C+G.S.+and+Tamm%2C+L.+(2001).+Pestizidspuren+im+Wein+(2)%3A+Woher+kommen+die+Verunreinigungen%3F+bioaktuell+6%3A+10-11.%0D%0AWyss%2C+G.S.%2C+Tamm%2C+L.%2C+Seiler%2C+K.+and+Biedermann%2C+R.+(2001a).+Pestizidspuren+im+Wein+(3)%3A+Wo+liegt+der+Handlungsbedarf%3F+bioaktuell+7%3A19-21.%0D%0AWyss+GS%2C+Tamm+L%2C+Seiler+K.+2003.+Verunreinigungen+von+biologisch+erzeugten+Nahrungsmitteln+mit+chemisch-synthetischen+Pestiziden%3A+Fallstudie+Biowein.+In%3A+7.+Wissenschaftstagung+zum+%C3%83%C2%B6kologischen+Landbau%2C+Wien%2C+24.2.+-+26.2.2003%3B+Freyer+B+(Hrsg.)+Beitr%C3%83%C2%A4ge+zur+7.+Wissenschaftstagung+zum+%C3%83%C2%96kologischen+Landbau+-+%C3%83%C2%96kologischer+Landbau+der+Zukunft%2C+Seite(n)+241-244.+Universit%C3%83%C2%A4t+f%C3%83%C2%BCr+Bodenkultur%2C+Wien.%0D%0AWyss+GS%2C+Tamm+L%2C+Seiler+K.+2002.+Contamination+of+organic+produce+by+synthetic+pesticides%3A+organic+wine+as+a+case+study.+In%3A+Proceedings+of+the+14th+IFOAM+Organic+World+Congress+%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%9CCultivating+Communities%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%9D+21+%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%93+24+August+2002%2C+Victoria%2C+Canada%2C+Robert+Thompson+(ed.).+p.+214.%0D%0A%0D%0ATopic+Mykotoxine%0D%0A%0D%0AWyss%2C+GS.+2003.+Mykotoxine+im+Getreide%3A+Wie+vermeiden%3F+FiBL+Merkblatt.+https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fibl.org%2Fshop%2Fpdf%2Fmb-mykotoxine.pdf%0D%0A%0D%0AWyss%2C+GS.+2005.+Assessing+the+risk+from+mycotoxins+for+the+organic+food+chain%3A+results+from+Organic+HACCP-project+and+other+research.+In%3A+Proceedings+of+the+4th+SAFO+Workshop%2C+FiBL%2C+Frick%2C+17+%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%93+19+March+2005%2C+133-136.%0D%0ATopic+Quality+Assurance%0D%0A%0D%0AWyss%2C+GS.+and+Brandt%2C+K.+2005.+Assessment+of+current+procedures+for+animal+food+production+chains+and+critical+control+points+regarding+their+safety+and+quality%3A+preliminary+results+from+the+Organic+HACCP-project.+In%3A+Proceedings+of+the+4th+SAFO+Workshop%2C+FiBL%2C+Frick%2C+CH%2C+17+%C3%A2%C2%80%C2%93+19+March+2005%2C+127-132.%0D%0A%0D%0ATopic+Persistant+Pesticides%0D%0A%0D%0AWyss%2C+GS.%2C+Nowack%2C+K.%2C+Koller+M.%2C+and+M%C3%83%C2%A4der+P.+2004.+Managing+strategies+for+organochlorine+contaminated+soils+for+a+safe+food+production.+In%3A+Proceedings+of+the+Workshop+Group+3%3A+Improving+nutritional+quality+and+safety+of+food+crops%2C+COST+859%2C+11-13+November+2004%2C+Greenwich%2C+UK.%0D%0A%0D%0A%0D%0A%0D%0A%0D%0A&rft.type=Project+description&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2F5413%2F1%2Ffibl-projekt-qualitaetssicherung-rueckstaende.pdf&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2F5413%2F2%2Ffibl-projekt-qualitaetssicherung-rueckstaende-en.pdf&rft.identifier=%7BProject%7D+Beurteilung+von+R%C3%83%C2%BCckst%C3%83%C2%A4nden+auf+Bioprodukten.+[Evaluation+of+contaminations+on+organic+food+and+feedstuff.]+Runs+2004+-+2007.+Project+Leader(s)%3A+Wyss%2C+Gabriela+and+Nowack%2C+Karin%2C+Research+Institute+of+Organic+Agriculture+(FiBL)%2C+CH-5070+Frick.+More+information+online+at+%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.fibl.org%2Fde%2Fschweiz%2Fforschung%2Flebensmittelqualitaet.html+%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.fibl.org%2Fde%2Fschweiz%2Fforschung%2Flebensmittelqualitaet.html%3E%3E.&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2F5413%2F