?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Animal+breeding+in+organic+farming%3ADiscussion+paper&rft.creator=Nauta%2C+Wytze&rft.creator=Baars%2C+Nauta&rft.creator=Groen%2C+Ab&rft.creator=Veerkamp%2C+Roel&rft.creator=Roep%2C+Dirk&rft.subject=+Breeding+and+genetics&rft.description=It+is+uncertain+whether+animals+which+have+been+bred+for+conventional+production+are+capable+of+optimum+performance+in+organic+conditions.+In+conventional+agriculture+there+is+a+movement+towards+maximum+control+of+production+conditions+in+order+to+optimise+animals'+yield+in+intensive+production+systems.+By+contrast%2C+organic+agriculture+is+based+on+natural+processes+and+closed+cycles%2C+and+takes+into+account+the+underlying+connections+between+production+factors.+Following+organic+ideology%2C+production+capacity+should+be+curtailed+by+acting+in+accordance+with+guiding+principles+such+as+naturalness%2C+animal+welfare%2C+efficient+use+of+fossil+fuels+in+the+farm+cycle%2C+and+agri-biodiversity+(IFOAM%2C+1994).+Organic+production+should+be+tied+to+the+land%2C+with+farms+preferably+being+self-sufficient+mixed+farms+with+closed+cycles.%0D%0AAn+additional+point+of+concern+are+the+reproduction+techniques+used+in+conventional+breeding.+Artificial+insemination+(AI)+and+embryo+transfer+(ET)+are+commonplace+in+conventional+animal+breeding.+But+these+techniques+are+'artificial'+and+they+deprive+animals+of+natural+mating+behaviour+and+negatively+affect+the+animals'+welfare+and+integrity.+By+bringing+in+animals+from+conventional+agriculture%2C+organic+farmers+are%0D%0Aindirectly+making+use+of+these+techniques.+These+and+other+concerns+have+led+to+the+project+'Organic+breeding%3A+a+long+way+to+go'%2C+which+aims+to+lay+down+clear+visions+and+an+action+plan+for+an+organic+breeding+system.&rft.date=2001-10&rft.type=Report&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2F4824%2F1%2F4824.pdf&rft.identifier=Nauta%2C+Wytze%3B+Baars%2C+Nauta%3B+Groen%2C+Ab%3B+Veerkamp%2C+Roel+and+Roep%2C+Dirk+(2001)+Animal+breeding+in+organic+farming%3ADiscussion+paper.+Louis+Bolk+Instituut+Publications%2C+LV45.&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Forgprints.org%2F4824%2F