{
  "eprintid": "302",
  "rev_number": "1",
  "eprint_status": "archive",
  "userid": "106",
  "dir": "disk0/00/00/03/02",
  "datestamp": "2003-03-07",
  "lastmod": "2009-08-20 14:18:40",
  "status_changed": "2009-08-20 14:18:40",
  "type": "journalp",
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  "engabstract": "An understanding of agroecosystems is key to determining effective farming systems. Here we report results from a 21-year study of agronomic and ecological performance of biodynamic, bioorganic, and conventional farming systems in Central Europe. We found crop yields to be 20% lower in the organic systems, although input of fertilizer and energy was reduced by 34 to 53% and pesticide input by 97%. Enhanced soil fertility and higher biodiversity found in organic plots may render these systems less dependent on external inputs.",
  "doclang": "de",
  "publishedas": "This is the unauthorised translation of a paper which was originally published in the Science magazine. Please refer to the original paper: MAEDER P, FLIESSBACH A, DUBOIS D, GUNST L, FRIED P, NIGGLI U (2002) Soil Fertility and Biodiversity in Organic Farming. Science 296, 1694-1697.",
  "projects": [
    "ch-agroscope-fal",
    "annual-crop-production"
  ],
  "refereed": "never",
  "budget": "0",
  "addtitle": "Soil fertilty and biodiversity in organic farming",
  "docurl": "http://www.fibl.ch/archiv/maeder-et-al-2002-oel-dok-science.pdf",
  "altloc": [
    "http://www.fibl.ch/forschung/anbautechnik-einjaehrig/dok/index.php",
    "http://www.fibl.ch/english/research/annual-crops/dok/index.php"
  ],
  "publicfulltext": "TRUE",
  "creators": [
    {
      "name": {
        "family": "Mäder",
        "given": "Paul",
        "honourific": "Dr."
      },
      "id": ""
    },
    {
      "name": {
        "family": "Fliessbach",
        "given": "Andreas",
        "honourific": "Dr."
      },
      "id": ""
    },
    {
      "name": {
        "family": "Dubois",
        "given": "David",
        "honourific": "Dr."
      },
      "id": ""
    },
    {
      "name": {
        "family": "Gunst",
        "given": "Lucie"
      },
      "id": ""
    },
    {
      "name": {
        "family": "Fried",
        "given": "Padruot",
        "honourific": "Dr."
      },
      "id": ""
    },
    {
      "name": {
        "family": "Niggli",
        "given": "Urs",
        "honourific": "Dr."
      },
      "id": ""
    }
  ],
  "title": "Bodenfruchtbarkeit und biologische Vielfalt im ökologischen Landbau",
  "ispublished": "pub",
  "subjects": [
    "2farming",
    "2soilbiol",
    "7biodiversity",
    "1soilqual"
  ],
  "keywords": "biologischer Landbau, Langzeitversuch, Effizienz, Biodiversität, Bodenfruchtbarkeit, DOK",
  "abstract": "Um die Effektivität landwirtschaftlicher Anbausysteme zu beurteilen, bedarf es eines Verständnisses der Agrarökosysteme. Eine 21-jährige Studie ergab 20 Prozent geringere Erträge bei ökologischen Anbausystemen gegenüber konventionellen, obgleich der Einsatz von Düngemitteln und Energie um 34 bis 53 Prozent und der von Pestiziden um 97 Prozent geringer war. Wahrscheinlich führen die erhöhte Bodenfruchtbarkeit und die größere biologische Vielfalt in den ökologischen Versuchsparzellen dazu, dass diese Systeme weniger auf Zufuhr von außen angewiesen sind.",
  "date": "2002-07",
  "date_type": "published",
  "publication": "Oekologie & Landbau",
  "volume": "124",
  "publisher": "Stiftung Oekologie & Landbau",
  "referencetext": "Drinkwater, L. E., P. Waggoner & M. Sarrantonio, 1998: Nature 396, 262 Fließbach, A. & P. Mäder, 1997: In: Microbial Communities – Functional versus Structural Approaches. Fließbach, A., P. Mäder&U. Niggli, 2000: Soil Biol. Biochem. 32, 1131 Fließbach, A.&P. Mäder, 2000: Soil Biol. Biochem. 32, 757 Insam, H., A. Rangger (Eds.) (Springer, Berlin), 109 Insam, H. & K. Haselwandter, 1989: Oecologia 79, 174-178 Mäder, P., S. Edenhofer, T. Boller, A.Wiemken&U. Niggli, 2000: Biol. Fertil. Soils 31, 150 Oberson, A., J.-C. Fardeau, J.-M. Besson & H. Sticher, 1993: Biol. Fertil. Soils 16, 111 Oberson, A., J.-M. Besson, N. Maire & H. Sticher, 1996: Biol. Fertil. Soils 21, 138 Odum, E. P., 1969: Science 164, 262-270 Oehl, F., A. Oberson, M. Probst, A. Fließbach, H. R. Roth&E. Frossard, 2001: Biol. Fert. Soils 34, 31 Offermann, F. & H. Nieberg, 2000: Economic Performance of Organic Farms in Europe. (University of Hohenheim, Hago Druck & Medien, Karlsbad-Ittersbach, Germany), vol. 5. Pfiffner, L. & U. Niggli, 1996: Biol. Agric. Hortic. 12, 353 Pfiffner, L. & P. Mäder, 1997: Biol. Agric. Hortic. 15, 3 Pimentel, D. et al.: 1995: Science 267, 1117 Pimentel, D. et al., 1997: Bioscience 47, 747 Reganold, J. P., J. D. Glover, P. K. Andrews & H. R. Hinman, 2002: Nature 410, 926 Schinner, F., R. Öhlinger, E. Kandeler & R. Margesin, 1993: Bodenbiologische Arbeitsmethoden (Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2. Aufl.) Siegrist, S., D. Schaub, L. Pfiffner&P. Mäder, 1998: Agric. Ecosys. Environ. 69, 253 Smith, S. E. & D. J. Read, Mycorrhizal Symbiosis 1997: (Academic Press, London, ed. 2,) Tilman, D., D.Wedin & J. Knops, 1996: Nature 379, 718 Tilman, D., 1999: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., USA 96, 5995 van der Heijden, M. G. A. et al., 1998: Nature 396, 69",
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