1570 1 archive 28 disk0/00/00/15/70 2003-10-07 2009-08-20 14:20:52 2009-08-20 14:20:52 journalp show 0 en Also exists in a printed version, there is more info on the webpage. da2c4 djf some yes 0 http://www.eolss.net/E5-21-toc.aspx http://www.eolss.net FALSE Brandt Kirsten Dr. Kidmose Ulla pub 2security 8planthealth 2farming In addition to improved yields, the use of organic methods can benefit the nutritional value of foods in several ways, compared with subsistence agriculture, and in some respects also when compared with the use of high-input conventional farming methods. The recycling of organic matter retards depletion of the soil and ensures that increases in yield are not offset by mineral deficiencies caused by unbalanced plant nutrition. City populations can use organic products to minimize their intake of pesticide residues and nitrate. Improved nutritional status of crops under low-input conditions can increase the contents of protein and vitamin A, but can also increase the contents of some anti-nutrients. Improved availability of firewood through agroforestry enables thorough cooking to ensure removal of anti-nutrients and full utilization of nutrients. Increased diversity of crops not only provides a more dependable food supply, but also increases the chance for obtaining a full complement of nutrients due to the variability in composition of different staple crops. The increased use of pulses, vegetables and fruit also overcomes short-comings in the nutritional values of the main staple crops, such as maize and rice. However, to obtain the full benefits from these methods, substantially increased and much more targeted research on the development and use of organic agriculture methods under tropical conditions is necessary, especially in connection with subsistence agriculture. 2003 published In: Impacts of Agriculture on Human Health and Nutrition, in Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), Developed under the Auspices of the UNESCO Eolss Publishers, Oxford, UK Cakmak Ismail Graham Robin D. Welch Ross M. Bibliography Ali H.I. and Harland B.F. (1991). Effects of fiber and phytate in sorghum flour on iron and zinc in weanling rats: A pilot study. Cereal chem. 68 (3), 234-238. [A comparison of the nutritional value of a food from subsistence farming with conventional material]. Atallah T. and Lopez-Real J.M. (1991). Potential of green manure species in recycling nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 8, 53-65. [A pioneering study on catch crops]. Buerkert A., Haake C., Ruckwied M. and Marschner H. (1998). Phosphorus application affects the nutritional quality of millet grain in the Sahel. Field Crops Research 57, 223-235. [A thorough study of the consequences for several aspects of nutritional value of using either a mineral fertilizer or crop residues as the P-source]. Bouis, H.E. (2000) (Ed.) Special issue on improving human nutrition through agriculture. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 21 (4), 347-580. [An overview of state of the art of progress in development of agriculture to provide the necessary nutrients to sustain the worlds growing population, from promotion of vegetable growing, through food fortification, to biotechnological achievements in the field]. Constantinides M. and Fownes J.H. (1994). Nitrogen mineralization from leaves and litter of tropical plants: Relationship to nitrogen, lignin and soluble polyhenol concentrations. Soil Biochemistry 26 (1), 49-55. [A study of the properties of different types of plant residues in terms of soil nitrogen availability]. Elsheikh E.A.E., El Tinay A.H. and Fadul I.A. (1999). Effect of nutritional status of bean on composition, anti-nutritional factors and in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD). Food Chemistry 67, 379-383. and Elsheikh E.A.E., Fadul I.A. and El Tinay A.H. (2000). Effect of cooking on anti-nutritional factors and in vitro protein digestibility ( IVPD) of faba bean grown with different nutritional regimes. Food Chemistry 68, 211-212. [An example of study of the effects of soil management and cooking on different aspects of nutritional value]. Mozafar A. (1993). Plant Vitamins: Agronomic, Physiological and Nutritional Aspects. 412 pp. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FA, USA. [A review covering the effects of various aspects of plant growth conditions on vitamin contents of their edible parts]. Paterson R.T., Karanja G.M., Roothaert R.L., Nyaata O.Z. and Kariuki I.W. (1998), A review of tree fodder production and utilization within smallholder agroforestry systems in Kenya. Agroforestry Systems 41, 181-199. Powell J.M., Fernández-Rivera S. and Höfs S. (1994) Effects of Sheep diet on nutrient cycling in mixed farming systems of semi-arid West Africa. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 48, 263-271. [A study of how different types of plant leaves used as sheep fodder affect the value of the sheep manure as fertilizer]. Rao I.M., Borrero V. Ricaurte J., and Garcia R. (1999) Adaptive Attributes of Tropical Forage species to Acid Soils. IV. Differences in Shoot and Root Growth Responses to Inorganic and Organic Phosphorus Sources. Journal of Plant Nutrition 22 (7), 1153-1174. [Describes how adapted species of native plants can be selected for use for fodder and soil improvement in low-input tropical agriculture]. Rottach P. (Ed) (1984) Ökologischer Landbau in den Tropen. Georg Michael Pfaff Gedächtnisstiftung und Verlag C.F. Müller GMBH, Karlsruhe, Germany. [A handbook in German with practical descriptions and examples of the design and implementation of organic agriculture methods in tropical areas]. Thorup-Kristensen, K. and Nielsen, N.E. (1998) Modelling and measuring the effect of nitrogen catch crops on the nitrogen supply for succeeding crops. Plant and Soil 203, 79-89. [A paper connecting the theoretical and practical aspects of using vegetables and other herbaceous plants as catch crops to reduce leaching and make the soil nitrogen available for the main crops]. restricted 2155 1 1570 1 application/pdf en validuser

E5_21_05_00_samlet.pdf

E5_21_05_00_samlet.pdf 212756 http://orgprints.org/1570/1/E5_21_05_00_samlet.pdf