11032 1 archive 348 disk0/00/01/10/32 2007-07-16 2009-08-20 14:36:46 2009-08-20 14:36:46 report show 0 en it_other eu_organicrevision bolk at-austria-bal uk-aberystwyth-rural-studies dk_darcof never D 5.2 0 http://www.organic-revision.org/pub/D_5_2_Seed_quality_report_FINAL.pdf http://www.organic-revision.org/ TRUE Micheloni C. Plakolm G. pub 8planthealth regulation 7plantbreed variety; crop; seed The key questions which will be addressed in this report are: • Which variety characteristics are important for organic farming and are they different from conventional farmers demand? • What is an “appropriate“ variety for organic farming? • Is the actual variety offer available to organic farmers satisfactory? Is it different per crops type and/or per geographic area? • How should variety trials be conducted in order to supply the information needed by organic operators? The main answers may be synthesized as follows: Characteristics of varieties to be used in organic farming are partly different from the ones requested in conventional farming. Main differences are related to yield stability, processing properties and root-system development; The definition of “appropriateness”, related to variety for organic farming, is not easy to state as it may involves different aspects, depending on perspective (producers, processor, trader etc.). A list of characters that should be considered within the “appropriateness” concept is presented in the report; Among involved Members States experts there is no common evaluation of the actual variety availability: in general if for cereals there is a reasonably good level of availability, for vegetables and fodder crops mixtures the situation is never very positive even if it varies greatly among Member States; Valuable guidelines for cereal variety testing in organic farming have been produced by the COST 860 action “SUSVAR” (Sustainable low-input cereal production: required variety characteristics and crop diversity) and they are summarized in the report; Guidelines for vegetable variety testing are difficult to identify as among vegetables species the characteristics and requirements are very different. In the report some indications are reported. Recommendation for variety evaluation and testing in organic farming Several recommendation result from the report. For clarity sake they have been grouped in 3 parts, depending on which institution they are aimed to: Recommendations to EU and international authorities: • To implement the possibility offered by EU directives on seed trading (EEC Dir. 66/4021; EEC Dir. 66/4012 and EC Dir. 2002/553) to run controls on seeds for organic farming additional to the routine controls. This possibility may be used to evaluate variety appropriateness to organic farming conditions and consequently orientate the choice of varieties that seed companies offer to the organic sector. • To consider specific variety traits requested by organic farming systems in the test for variety inclusion into the registers of varieties. Recommendations to Member States: • To keep record of the variety requested for derogation and make it public. It may be a useful instrument for seed producers’ orientation. • To include specific local (National/Regional) demands from organic farmers in the variety trials. It means to include varieties that are supposed as fit to organic conditions by farmers but also to include specific characteristics in the evaluation criteria. • To promote public breeding for organic farming and to support spin-off of seed companies dedicated to organic seed production. A low-cost option may be participatory breeding that combines the advantages of introducing variety traits asked for by organic producers and facilitate dissemination. Recommendations to other stakeholders: • To involve nurseries in the debate about organic variety choice as they result to be an important bottle-neck for the use of organic seeds in vegetable production. • To promote timely programming of variety used and amounts of seed needed among producers in order to facilitate seed producers and distributors but at the same time to grand producers the right variety choice. 2007-06 published EEC 2092/91 (Organic Revision Project Reports) Associazione Italiana Agricoltura Biologica (AIAB), Rome Baresel J.P., Reents H.J, 2006. Observations on long-term wheat variety trials under organic and conventional conditions in Germany. In Proceedings of the COST SUSVAR workshop on cereal crop diversity: implications for production and products. La Besse, France, 13-14th June, pp. 83-87. Belica I., Bleidere M., 2005. Variety testing for organic farming: current status and problems in Europe. Seminar compendium, May 31st-June 3rd 2005 Bonneuil C., 2006. The culture of purity in the 20th century plant genetics. An archeology of “DUScentralized- delegatory-wide adaptation-high input” breeding paradigm. In Participatory Plant Breeding: Relevance for Organic Agriculture? Booklet of abstracts of the seminar held in La Besse on 11-13th June 2006, pp.5-6. Ceccarelli S,2005. Decentralized-participatory breeding: adapting crops to environments and clients. ICARDA web publication. Ceccarelli S., 2006. Decentralized-participatory plant breeding: lessons from the Southperspectives in the North. In Participatory Plant Breeding: Relevance for Organic Agriculture? Booklet of abstracts of the ECO-PB seminar held in La Besse on 11-13th June, pp.3-4. Debois JM, 2004. OECD schemes for the varietal certification seed moving in international trade. In Proceedings of the first world conference on organic seed. FAO, Rome, pp.28-29. Donner D., Osman A, 2006. Handbook: cereal variety testing for organic and low input agriculture. COST-SUSVAR, Riso national Laboratory, DK. EFRS, 2004. Organic cereal varieties: the result of four years of trials. Elm Farm Research Centre, Newbury. Ellisseche D., Le Hingrat Y., Pelle R., Conseil M., Trehorel F., Lejeune B., Andrivon D., Fontaine L., 2004. Some approaches in research targeted to varieties and seed production in potato organic farming. In Proceedings of the first world conference on organic seed. FAO, Rome, pp.153-156. Falcinelli M., Torricelli R., 2004. A new variety of luzerne for Italian organic farming. In Proceedings of the first world conference on organic seed. FAO, Rome, pp.185-186. Ghaouti L., Vogt-Kaute W., Link W., 2006. A participatory breeding approach to develop region specific cultivars in winter and spring faba-bean. In Participatory Plant Breeding: Relevance for Organic Agriculture? Booklet of abstracts of the ECO-PB seminar held in La Besse on 11-13th June, pp.13. Gaile Z., 2004. The first step in variety testing for organic agriculture in Latvia: oats and potatoes. In Proceedings of the first world conference on organic seed. FAO, Rome, pp.173-174. Kleijer G., Schwaerzel R., 2006a. Backqualitat von Winterweizen in Bio und Extenso-Zulassungsprufungen. AgrarForschung 13 (2) pp. 74-79 Kleijer G., Schwaerzel R., 2006b. Winterweizensorten im biologischen und extensiven Anbau. AgrarForschung 13 (2) pp. 68-73. Lammerts van Bueren E.T., Verhoog H., 2006. Organic plant breeding and seed production: ecological and ethical aspects. In Organic agriculture, a global perspective. CSIRO, Collingwood, Australia. pp.123-139. Larson H., 2006. Old cultural cereal varieties are broadening the genetic base for organic farming and will increase the quality for consumers. In Participatory Plant Breeding: Relevance for Organic Agriculture? Booklet of abstracts of the ECO-PB seminar held in La Besse on 11-13th June, pp.12. Lindner U., Billmann B., 2006. Planung, Anlage und Auswertung von Versuchen in oekologischen Gemusebau. FIBL, Frick, Switzerland. Schwaerzel R., Levy L., Menzi M., Anders M., Winzeler H., Doernte J., 2006. Comparison of two test networks for winter wheat in organic and extensive conditions. In Proceedings of the COST SUSVAR workshop on cereal crop diversity: implications for production and products. La Besse, France, 13-14th June, pp. 114-116 Tiemens-Hulscher M., Lammerts van Bueren E.T., Osman A., Jeuken J., Groenen R., 2006. Participatory plant breeding: a way to arrive at better adapted onion varieties. In Participatory Plant Breeding: Relevance for Organic Agriculture? Booklet of abstracts of the ECO-PB seminar held in La Besse on 11-13th June, pp.9. public 7972 1 11032 1 application/pdf en public

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