home    about    browse    search    latest    help 
Login | Create Account

In vitro screening of the effect of three glucosinolate derived nitriles on soil-borne fungi

Bellostas, Natalia; Casanova, Esther; Garcia-Mina, Jose Maria; Sorensen, Jens Christian and Sorensen, Hilmer (2006) In vitro screening of the effect of three glucosinolate derived nitriles on soil-borne fungi. Poster at: Second International Biofumigation Symposium, Moscow, Idaho, USA, 26-29 June 2006. [Unpublished]

[thumbnail of 9261.pdf] PDF - English
453kB


Summary

Glucosinolates are allelochemicals present in all plants of the order Capparales that are hydrolysed by endogenous enzymes (myrosinases) forming a variety of compounds with biological activity. ‘Biofumigation’ is the term used to describe the effect of these compounds on soil-borne pathogens and it has normally been attributed to isothiocyanates. At acidic pH and in the presence of redox co-factors such as glutathione, glucosinolate hydrolysis yields also nitriles, which are more hydrophilic and stable than isothiocyanates.
Three nitriles (allyl-, benzyl- and phenethyl cyanide) were tested against soil borne fungi of economic importance: Aphanomyces euteiches var. pisi, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici and Verticillium dahliae. The nitriles were initially tested at 1 mM and four additional concentrations were further tested in order to determine LD50.
At 1 mM, allyl cyanide showed in all cases less than 10% inhibition and it did not inhibit fungi growth at higher concentrations. LD50 of benzyl cyanide was 2.5 mM for Verticillium and Aphanomyces, whereas it was as low as 0.5 mM for Gaeumannomyces. LD50 of phenyl ethyl cyanide was 2.5 mM for Verticillium, 1.4 mM Gaeumannomyces and 1.25 mM Aphanomyces.
Although nitriles are generally less toxic than ITCs, their role in biofumigation should not be disregarded.


EPrint Type:Conference paper, poster, etc.
Type of presentation:Poster
Keywords:glucosinolates, biofumigation, nitriles, fungi
Subjects: Crop husbandry > Crop health, quality, protection
Research affiliation: Denmark > SOAR - Research School for Organic Agriculture and Food Systems
Deposited By: Bellostas Muguerza, Natalia
ID Code:9261
Deposited On:18 Sep 2006
Last Modified:12 Apr 2010 07:34
Document Language:English
Status:Unpublished
Refereed:Not peer-reviewed

Repository Staff Only: item control page

Downloads

Downloads per month over past year

View more statistics