Risgaard, Marie-Louise (2005) Drivkræfter bag til- og fravalg af økologisk drift i Danmark - resultater fra casestudier. [Driving Forces Behind Farmers’ Choice of Organic or Conventional Farming in Denmark – Results From Case Studies.] Thesis, Institut for Jordbrugsvidenskab, Den Kgl. Veterinær- og Landbohøjskole, KVL . .
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Summary
Det økologiske jordbrug i Danmark er i dag karakteriseret ved en højere grad af kommunikation mellem det økologiske og det konventionelle jordbrug end i økologiens opstartsfase. Ligeledes er tilgangen til økologisk jordbrug stagneret, hvorfor der kun kan gisnes om hvor det økologiske jordbrug måtte bevæge sig hen i de kommende år. Således er viden om omlægnings- og tilbagelægningsdynamikker relevant for fremtidige beslutningsprocesser og for en praksis- og forskningsorienteret udvikling af det økologiske jordbrug. På denne baggrund undersøges det hvilke socio-kulturelle drivkræfter der ligger bag landmænds valg af økologisk drift, set i et lokalt perspektiv, samt hvilke bevæggrunde der ligger bag økologiske landmænds fravalg af økologisk drift efter en enkelt tilsagnsperiode. Specialet tager udgangspunkt i to kvalitative casestudier fra hhv. to og tre områder i Danmark og der er gennemført interviews med i alt sytten økologiske landmænd og elleve økologirådgivere.
Omlægningsstudiet peger på, at tilstedeværelsen af økologiske pionerlandmænd, der agerer som foregangsmænd, samt at naboeffekt og opbakning fra rådgivningen spiller en stor rolle for hvorvidt den økologiske driftsform spredes i et lokalområde. Ligeledes lader det til at spredningen af økologisk produktion sker hurtigere i et område med mange ens bedriftstyper, end i et område med mange forskellige bedriftstyper. Det diskuteres hvorvidt beslutningsprocessen om tilvalg af økologisk drift forlænges når landmændene ikke får den fornødne rådgivning og således skal være deres egne vidensagenter. Sluttelig kan høje jordpriser virke som en begrænsende faktor for omlægning til eller udvidelse af økologiske bedrifter.
Tilbagelægningsstudiet peger på at tilbagelægning til konventionel drift ikke finder sted
pga. produktionstekniske problemer, men at landmændene overordnet stoppede pga. økonomiske problemer – primært afsætningsbesvær – og problemer med regelændringer. Ingen af tilbagelæggerne ønskede at begynde at sprøjte igen og de fleste betragtede driftsformen som en stor faglig udfordring. Den generelle opfattelse var dog at den økologiske og den konventionelle driftsform var meget ens, samt at den generelle strukturudvikling var uundgåelig – også inden for økologisk jordbrug. Det diskuteres hvorvidt landmændenes manglende økologiske forbrug havde betydning for deres tilknytning til den økologiske driftsform.
Summary translation
At the present time, organic farming in Denmark is characterized by a higher degree of communication between organic and conventional farming compared to the early years of organic farming. Conversion to organic farming has stagnated and it remains yet to be discovered in which direction organic farming may move in the future. Thus, knowledge on dynamics of conversion and reversion is of importance for future decision processes as well as for practice and research oriented development of organic farming. On this background socio-cultural processes behind farmers’ choice of organic farming in a local perspective and driving forces behind farmers’ reversion after five years of organic farming are investigated. The thesis takes its’ starting point in two qualitative case studies in two and three areas in Denmark, respectively, and is based on a total of seventeen farmer interviews and eleven advisor interviews.
The conversion study illustrates that the presence of pioneering organic farmers who act as champions along with neighbor effect and back-up from advisors are important for the diffusion of organic farming in a local area. Furthermore, it seems that diffusion increases in an area with many similar farm types compared to an area with many different farm types. It is discussed whether the decision process is prolonged when farmers do not receive the necessary advice and thus have to be their own knowledge agents. Finally, it appears that high land prices may act as limiting factors for conversion to or expansion of organic farms.
The reversion study illustrates that reversion to conventional farming does not take place due to production technical problems but that farmers in general decided to stop farming organically due to economic problems – primarily marketing problems – and because of changes in regulations. None of the reverters wished to start using pesticides again and most of them also considered organic farming to be a professional challenge. In general, organic and conventional production modes were found to be very similar and furthermore the general structural development was considered inevitable – also with in organic farming. It is discussed whether the farmers’ lack of organic consumption may influence their connection to the organic farming mode.
| EPrint Type: | Thesis |
|---|---|
| Thesis Type: | Master thesis |
| Keywords: | Økologisk jordbrug, omlægning, spredning, tilbagelægning, casestudie Organic farming, conversion, diffusion, reversion, case study |
| Subjects: | "Organics" in general |
| Research affiliation: | Denmark > DARCOF II (2000-2005) > III.5 Nature quality in organic farming |
| Deposited By: | Risgaard, Cand.agro. Marie-Louise |
| ID Code: | 8523 |
| Deposited On: | 23 May 2006 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Apr 2010 07:33 |
| Document Language: | Danish/Dansk |
| Status: | Published |
| Refereed: | Not peer-reviewed |
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