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Broccoli cultivar performance under organic and conventional management systems and implications for crop improvement

Renaud, E.N.C; Lammerts van Bueren, E.T.; Paulo, M.J.; Eeuwijk, F.A.; Juvik, J.A.; Hutton, M.G. and Myers, J. R (2014) Broccoli cultivar performance under organic and conventional management systems and implications for crop improvement. Crop Science, 54 (4), pp. 1539-1554.

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Summary

To determine if present commercial broccoli cultivars meet the diverse needs of organic management systems, such as adaptation to low N input, mechanical weed management, and no chemical pesticide use, and to propose the selection environments for crop improvement for organic production, we compared horticultural trait performance of 23 broccoli cultivars (G) under two management (M) systems (organic and conventional) in two regions of the United States (Oregon and Maine), including spring and fall trials. In our trials, location and season had the largest effect on broccoli head weight, with Oregon outperforming Maine, and fall trials outperforming spring plantings. M main effects and G × M interactions were often small, but G × M × E (location and season) were large. Cultivars with both greater head weight and stability under conventional conditions generally had high head weight and stability under organic growing conditions, although there were exceptions in cultivar rank between management systems. Larger genotypic variances and somewhat increased error variances observed in organic compared with conventional management systems led to repeatability for head weight and other horticultural traits that were similar or even higher in organic compared with conventional conditions. The ratio of correlated response (predicting performance under organic conditions when evaluated in conventional conditions) to direct response (predicted performance in organic when evaluated under organic conditions) for all traits was close to but less than 1.0 with the exception of bead uniformity. This would imply that in most cases, direct selection in an organic environment could result in a more rapid genetic gain than indirect selection in a conventional environment.


EPrint Type:Journal paper
Keywords:cultivars, organic crop management, broccoli, phytochemicals
Subjects: Crop husbandry > Production systems > Vegetables
Crop husbandry > Breeding, genetics and propagation
Crop husbandry > Weed management
Research affiliation: Netherlands > Louis Bolk Institute
Netherlands > Wageningen University & Research (WUR) > Plant Research International PRI
USA > Other organizations
DOI:10.2135/cropsci2013.09.0596
Deposited By: Broekhuizen, Dr Roelinka
ID Code:26803
Deposited On:02 Sep 2014 13:05
Last Modified:02 Sep 2014 13:05
Document Language:English
Status:Published
Refereed:Peer-reviewed and accepted

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